Abstract: The present invention relates to a mucoadhesive layer. preferably mucoadhesive buccal layer, comprising a non-nanoparticulate macrolide. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a mucoadhesive film, preferably mucoadhesive buccal film, comprising a mucoadhesive layer comprising a non-nanoparticulate macrolide. and further comprising a backing layer. The present invention also relates to a mucoadhesive film. preferably mucoadhesive buccal film, comprising a mucoadhesive layer. a backing layer. and an intermediate layer. The present invention further relates to a mucoadhesive layer or mucoadhesive film for use as a medicament and for use in preventing and/or treating transplant rejection. Moreover. the present invention relates to a method of preparing a mucoadhesive film.

Abstract: Nanoparticles including tacrolimus, and a method for providing nanoparticles including tacrolimus as well as to nanoparticles including tacrolimus that are obtainable by said method. Also relates to the nanoparticles including tacrolimus for use as a medicament. Further relates to a mucoadhesive buccal film containing the nanoparticles including tacrolimus and the mucoadhesive buccal film for use as a medicament, especially in pediatric patients.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a mucoadhesive layer, preferably mucoadhesive buccal layer, comprising a non-nanoparticulate macrolide. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a mucoadhesive film, preferably mucoadhesive buccal film, comprising a mucoadhesive layer comprising a non-nanoparticulate macrolide, and further comprising a backing layer. The present invention also relates to a mucoadhesive film, preferably mucoadhesive buccal film, comprising a mucoadhesive layer, a backing layer, and an intermediate layer. The present invention further relates to a mucoadhesive layer or mucoadhesive film for use as a medicament and for use in preventing and/or treating transplant rejection. Moreover, the present invention relates to a method of preparing a mucoadhesive film.

Abstract: Nanoparticles including tacrolimus, and a method for providing nanoparticles including tacrolimus as well as to nanoparticles including tacrolimus that are obtainable by said method. Also relates to the nanoparticles including tacrolimus for use as a medicament. Further relates to a mucoadhesive buccal film containing the nanoparticles including tacrolimus and the mucoadhesive buccal film for use as a medicament, especially in pediatric patients.

Abstract: Nanoparticles including tacrolimus, and a method for providing nanoparticles including tacrolimus as well as to nanoparticles including tacrolimus that are obtainable by said method. Also relates to the nanoparticles including tacrolimus for use as a medicament. Further relates to a mucoadhesive buccal film containing the nanoparticles including tacrolimus and the mucoadhesive buccal film for use as a medicament, especially in pediatric patients.

Abstract: Nanoparticles including tacrolimus, and a method for providing nanoparticles including tacrolimus as well as to nanoparticles including tacrolimus that are obtainable by said method. Also relates to the nanoparticles including tacrolimus for use as a medicament. Further relates to a mucoadhesive buccal film containing the nanoparticles including tacrolimus and the mucoadhesive buccal film for use as a medicament, especially in pediatric patients.

Abstract: A vehicle seat has a seat cushion upholstery part and a backrest upholstery part, and the seat cushion upholstery part and/or backrest upholstery part is bordered on each of the left and right sides by a deformable side bolster for 5 supporting a vehicle seat occupant. Further, each side bolster comprises at least one cushion deformable in the seat width direction and at least one upholstery portion into which the at least one cushion is embedded, and a wear-resistant fabric is embedded two-dimensionally into the foam of the at least one foam upholstery portion for its stabilization and at least partially covering the at least one embedded cushion, and, in at least one 10 part of the area covered by the wear-resistant fabric, the fibers of the wear-resistant fabric are oriented at a non-zero-degree angle to the seat width direction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a vehicle seat with a seat cushion upholstery part and a backrest upholstery part, wherein said seat cushion upholstery part and/or backrest upholstery part is bordered on each of the left and right sides by a deformable side bolster for supporting a vehicle seat occupant, wherein each side bolster comprises at least one cushion deformable in the seat width direction and at least one upholstery portion into which the at least one cushion is embedded, wherein a wear-resistant fabric is embedded two-dimensionally into the foam of the at least one foam upholstery portion for its stabilisation and at least partially covering the at least one embedded cushion, and wherein, in at least one part of the area covered by the wear-resistant fabric, the fibres of the wear-resistant fabric are oriented at a non-zero-degree angle to the seat width direction.

Abstract: A seat base having a first pair of U-shaped tubular elements capable of being deformed, the upper end portion is arranged in a torsionally rigid manner in the vertical direction on a lower surface of the seat part and the lower end portion is arranged in a torsionally rigid manner in the vertical direction on an upper surface of a region of the vehicle floor, and a second pair of S-shaped tubular elements capable of being deformed, the upper end portion is arranged in a torsionally rigid manner in the vertical direction on the lower surface of the seat part and the lower end portion is arranged in a torsionally rigid manner in the vertical direction on the upper surface of the region of the vehicle floor, wherein the first pair of elements is arranged substantially in front of the second pair of elements in the direction of the seat.

Abstract: A seat base having a first pair of U-shaped tubular elements capable of being deformed, the upper end portion is arranged in a torsionally rigid manner in the vertical direction on a lower surface of the seat part and the lower end portion is arranged in a torsionally rigid manner in the vertical direction on an upper surface of a region of the vehicle floor, and a second pair of S-shaped tubular elements capable of being deformed, the upper end portion is arranged in a torsionally rigid manner in the vertical direction on the lower surface of the seat part and the lower end portion is arranged in a torsionally rigid manner in the vertical direction on the upper surface of the region of the vehicle floor, wherein the first pair of elements is arranged substantially in front of the second pair of elements in the direction of the seat.

Abstract: A communications system for registering tolls, with vehicles which have communications devices for wirefree communication between the vehicles and the toll operator which is assigned to them and has a corresponding communications device. In this context, the vehicles transmit toll information relevant to the toll operator in a toll-registration area which is assigned to the toll operator, and the toll operator determines or bills the tolls to be charged therefrom. If the vehicles communicate, by means of their communication devices, with other toll operators outside the toll registration area of the toll operator assigned to them, in order to register tolls, the exchange of toll-related information takes place only when a certificate of the assigned toll operator is successfully transmitted and on the basis of a public key or a private key.

Abstract: The invention relates to an evaluating method for identifying traveled streets, which, for example are subject to a toll, by means of measured values, for example the position and driving direction as detected by the motor vehicle. The course of roads leading to a decision point are recorded in the evaluating device in an exclusive or preponderant manner said courses are re-recorded respectively at a distance from the decision point, where the measured values of sensors arranged in a motor vehicle provide at least one unique value situated within tolerances which makes it possible to unambiguously identify one of the alternative road courses that have been traveled. The invention makes it possible to reliably distinguish between the roads traveled and those that do not lead to the decision point.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for generating a map depiction displaying street courses to travel through, for example in navigation, toll ticketing depiction or in precision applications such as automatic driving. For this purpose a street course consists of stringing together geometrical elements, for example, one or several circle arcs or one or several straight lines, wherein clothoids connect circle arcs and/or straight lines without sharp bends. The clothoids are calculated according to a required resolution from the arc of circle elements approximately approached by values or simply omitted, thereby making it possible to obtain a map depiction particularly reliably and optimal in terms of memory allocations.

Abstract: A method of using a road toll determination apparatus in a vehicle to generate and transmit to oncoming vehicles information about the road ahead. Such apparatus comprises a digital map of a road network, sensors for data collection, a short-range communication device and a processor. Road section curve-related data are generated from the sensor data, and the short-range communication device is used for sending or receiving road-section curve-related data to and from an approaching vehicle.

Abstract: A communications system for registering tolls, with vehicles which have communications devices for wirefree communication between the vehicles and the toll operator which is assigned to them and has a corresponding communications device. In this context, the vehicles transmit toll information relevant to the toll operator in a toll-registration area which is assigned to the toll operator, and the toll operator determines or bills the tolls to be charged therefrom. If the vehicles communicate, by means of their communication devices, with other toll operators outside the toll registration area of the toll operator assigned to them, in order to register tolls, the exchange of toll-related information takes place only when a certificate of the assigned toll operator is successfully transmitted and on the basis of a public key or a private key.

Abstract: A process for transmitting information between moving bodies, in particular vehicles (3, 4, 5, 8, 8′), wherein each of the moving bodies has a communication device (6) for receiving and sending radio messages (7). In order to be able to transmit information very rapidly to a large number of moving bodies, a radio message (7) is generated, which contains the information and limit parameters, which signalize an end of the information transmission, at least one of the moving bodies receives the radio message (7) and sends it to every other moving body that comes within range of the radio message (7), and for the cascade-like dissemination of the information, every other moving body that has received the radio message (7), sends it to every other moving body that comes within range of the radio message (7).

Abstract: A vehicle seat comprises a seat plate, a backrest pivotably movably connected to the seat plate, and an L-shaped base formed by a horizontal portion on which the seat plate is disposed and a vertical portion on which the backrest is mounted. The seat plate is provided at the underside of its front edge with retaining members which are spaced from each other in the longitudinal direct ion of the seat. The horizontal portion carries a stationary mounting support having a further retaining member for selective latching engagement with a retaining member on the seat plate, to secure the seat plate in an adjusted position on the horizontal portion of the base. Projecting from the underside of the seat plate are spring elements which are spaced from each other in the transverse direction of the seat and which slidably movably bear on the horizontal portion of the base by way of sliding shoes.

Abstract: Receivers for bandspread signals have a carrier PLL (20) for the carrier frequency and phase and a code PLL (20, 30 . . . 34) for the code frequency and phase. To be able to receive even very noisy signals, the carrier PLL, in particular, must have a very narrow bandwidth. This results in a very narrow capture range.According to the invention, instead of employing a complicated search strategy, advantage is taken of the fact that the code PLL locks in more easily. A signal is taken from the code PLL which indicates the difference between the desired value and the actual value of the code frequency. This signal is fed as an additional control signal to the carrier PLL.

Abstract: An improved receiver for modulated bandspread carrier signals is disclosed. The invention includes an antenna for intercepting a plurality of modulated carrier signals bandspread at a first clock rate; a radio frequency section in communication with the antenna for selecting a received signal from the plurality of signals; and an intermediate frequency section in communication with the radio frequency section for converting the received signal to an intermediate frequency signal. The intermediate frequency signal is digitized and multiplied by a pseudo-random code stored in a first memory for demodulation. Successive demodulation products are added, stored and used to provide in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) signals. Means are provided to for utilizing the I and Q signals to control the rate and the timing of the multiplication of the digitized signal with the pseudo-random code stored in the first memory.

Abstract: A direction determining system having a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver, a linear antenna array and a fast switching facility, the linear antenna array comprised of at least two antenna elements and the GPS receiver including two Costas Loops. The fast switching facility permits an input signal received by the two antenna elements to be processed and alternately supplied to the Costas Loops in synchronism for measuring the phases of the input signals received nearly simultaneously. The phase difference between the output signals of the two Costas Loops is measured in a phase meter and the pointing angle of the linear antenna array relative to the direction of a GPS satellite is determined by interferometry.