Abstract: Cationic paint binders based on polyether urethanes are formed by selective reaction of one NCO-group of a diisocyanate which contains NCO-groups of different reactivities with the primary hydroxyl groups of a polyhydroxypolyether in the presence of 1,4-diazabicyclo-2,2,2-octane (DABCO) as catalyst, and subsequently reacting the remaining NCO-group of the diisocyanate with the secondary amine. The binders which are largely free of low molecular basic by-products are used for formulating paints, particularly cathodically depositable electrodeposition paints, which are water-dilutable after protonation.

Abstract: Cationic paint binders based on polyether urethanes are formed by selective reaction of one NCO-group of a diisocyanate which contains NCO-groups of different reactivities with the primary hydroxyl groups of a polyhydroxypolyether in the presence of 1,4-diazabicyclo-2,2,2-octane (DABCO) as catalyst, and subsequently reacting the remaining NCO-group of the diisocyanate with a secondary amine. The binders which are largely free of low molecular basic by-products are used for formulating paints, particularly cathodically depositable electrodeposition paints, which are water-dilutable after protonation.

Abstract: Water-dilutable paint binders for the formulation of ecological stoving paints containing only minor quantities of organic solvents are described. The binders are partial condensation products of (A) a polycondensation, polymerization, or polyaddition resin as the film-forming polycarboxy compound (PC-component), and (B) an epoxy resin amine adduct (PH-component) carrying hydroxy groups and being water-insoluble under normal processing conditions. The products afford improved corrosion resistance and are particularly suited for the formulation of primers, intercoats (primer surfacers), and single coat paints.

Abstract: Cationic paint binders, particularly binders of the type used in cathodic electrodeposition coatings which crosslink through transesterification, transamidation, transurethanization, or through the reaction of chain end double bonds catalyzed with a reaction product of lead(II) oxide with compounds carrying .beta.-hydroxyamino structure are described. The catalysts of the invention provide very good stability and good compatibility in aqueous cationic paint materials.

Abstract: The invention discloses crosslinking components for hydroxy and/or primary and/or secondary amine groups containing cationic resins which can be used as binders for stoving paints, particularly for cathodically depositable electrodeposition paints. The crosslinking components are obtained through partial transesterification of transamidation of oligomeric KNOEVENAGEL-reaction products of C-H-active esters and carbonyl compounds with polyols or amines. The products can also be obtained through partial transesterification or transamidation of the C-H-active esters and subsequent KNOEVENAGEL-reaction.

Abstract: Cathodically depositable binders water-dilutable upon neutralization comprising the reaction product of amine adducts of polyglycidylethers of polyphenols having an amine value based on tertiary amine groups of between about 30 and about 130 mg KOH/g, a hydroxy value based on primary hydroxy groups of between about 20 and about 200 mg KOH/g, and an average molecular weight of from about 1000 to about 20,000 with 0.5 to 20% b.w. based on the weight of the adduct of a polyoxyalkylene glycidyl ether to provide an adduct having polyoxyalkylene segments. The introduced hydrophilic segments allow for a reduction in the degree of neutralization necessary for stability of an electrodeposition bath which favorably influences the deposition equivalent and throwing power of the binder in a cathodic electrodeposition system.

Abstract: Cathodically depositable self-crosslinking binders for electrodeposition based on alkylphenol novolaks wherein an alkylphenol novolak having a molecular weight of at least 500 and a hydroxyl value of between 100 and 700 mg KOH/g, modified through self-condensation or etherification of the phenolic hydroxy groups, obtained through a reaction catalyzed with an acid (component A), is reacted simultaneously or separately with (B) amines which carry a tertiary amino group and at least one hydroxy group or primary or secondary amino group (component B) and (C) aromatic or aliphatic or cycloaliphatic polyisocyanates (component C), the weight ratio of components being chosen in order that for each mole of component (B) 2 to 4 NCO-equivalents of component (C) are present and that the resultant isocyanate-group-free reaction product has an amine value of between 40 and 120 mg KOH/g is described.

Abstract: Cathodically depositable self-crosslinking binders for electrodeposition based on alkylphenol-formaldehyde condensates wherein an alkylphenol-formaldehyde condensate having a molecular weight of at least 500 and a hydroxyl value of between 100 and 700 mg KOH/g, modified through self-condensation or etherification of the phenolic hydroxy groups, obtained through a reaction catalyzed with a base (component A), is reacted simultaneously or separately with (B) amines which carry a tertiary amino group and at least one hydroxy group or primary or secondary amino group (component B) and (C) aromatic or aliphatic or cycloaliphatic polyisocyanates (component C), the weight ratio of components being chosen in order that for each mole of component (B) 2 to 4 NCO-equivalents of component (C) are present and that the resultant isocyanate-group-free reaction product has an amine value of between 40 and 120 mg KOH/g is described.

Abstract: Cathodically depositable electrodeposition paint binders comprising the reaction product of an epoxy resin with at least two epoxy groups with amines carrying primary amino groups and, optionally, with a carboxylic acid compound to provide an epoxy resin-amino adduct which is then reacted with a phenol and formaldehyde. The binders have excellent corrosion resistance and crosslink to provide coating films at relatively low stoving temperatures without splitting off of substances harmful to the environment.

Abstract: Cathodically depositable electrodeposition paint binders comprising a mixture of (A) 95-50% by weight of the reaction product of an epoxy resin with at least two epoxy groups with amines carrying primary amino groups and, optionally, with a carboxylic acid compound to provide an epoxy resin-amino adduct which is then reacted with a phenol and formaldehyde; and (B) 5-50% by weight of an addition component which is substantially water-insoluble under the conditions of electrodeposition and being compatible with Component A. The presence of Component B in the binder provides increased resistance to corrosion, improvements in the surface quality of the stoved films, and enhanced crosslinking of the binder.

Abstract: Cationic synthetic resin binders free of epoxy groups for the formulation of electrodeposition paints are described. The binders are the reaction product of an epoxy resin carrying at least two epoxy groups and having an epoxy equivalent of 190 to 1000, with from 0.1 to 1.0 amino groups per available epoxy group of a secondary amine carrying carboxylic acid amide groups. Upon being crosslinked on stoving with a suitable hardening component, the binders have improved water dilutability, permitting a reduction of the degree of neutralization necessary for electrodeposition application and improved intercoat adhesion to addition coats. These improved characteristics are significant with respect to an increase of current yield and in adhering additional coatings of a paint system.

Abstract: Cationic heat-hardenable binders comprising polymers containing amine groups and a crosslinking component which is film-forming with the amine group containing polymer through transesterification at elevated temperatures are described. The binders which are water-dilutable upon protonization of the amine groups comprise(a) 60 to 95% by weight of a polymer having a hydroxyl value of from 40 to 450 mg KOH/g and an amine value of from 20 to 150 mg KOH/g, water-soluble or water-dilutable upon protonation of the basic groups, and(b) 5 to 40% by weight of a cross-linking component of the general formula ##STR1## n having a value of from 1 through 5, R.sub.1 being the moiety of a monoalcohol having from 1 to 8 C-atoms or of a polyol or of a polyamine or of a polyepoxy compound or of a polyisocyanate remaining after reaction with one or more carboxylic acid groups, andR.sub.2 being a straight chain or branched alkyl radical with from 1 to 8 C-atoms.

Abstract: Water-dilutable binders for air drying coating compositions, the content of the auxiliary organic solvent being below 15% of the binder solids are described. The binders comprise the partial condensation products of(A) 30-70% by weight of a film forming fatty acid modified alkyd resin intermediate with an acid value of between 30 and 200 mg KOH/g, an intrinsic viscosity .zeta..sub.A of from 4.5 to 8 ml/g and an oil length of from 5 to 60%, with(B) 70-30% by weight of a film forming fatty acid modified alkyd resin intermediate with an acid value of below 5 mg KOH/g, a hydroxyl value of from 50 to 300 mg KOH/g, an intrinsic viscosity .zeta..sub.B of from 8 to 12 ml/g and an oil length of from 5 to 60%,the ratio between the intrinsic viscosities .zeta.B/.zeta.A lying between 1.4 and 2.7. Solutions of the binders ready for application are obtained which have a high solids content.

Abstract: Cathodically depositable, aqueous coating compositions comprising the reaction product of (A) polycondensates having free hydroxyl groups with a hydroxyl number of at least 40 mg KOH/g, and an average maximum molecular weight of 5000; and (B) a compound having an average of from about 0.8 to 1.5 free isocyanate groups and at least one basic aliphatically bound nitrogen atom. Optionally, there can be included in the reaction product a compound having from about 0.8 to 1.5 free isocyanate groups and from 1 to 3 ethylenically unsaturated double bonds. The coating compositions cure at relatively low temperatures and relatively short curing times to provide films having excellent resistance to water, chemicals, and corrosion.

Abstract: Cathodically depositable, aqueous coating compositions comprising the reaction product of (A) diene polymers containing free hydroxyl groups with a hydroxyl number of at least 40 mg KOH/g and an average maximum molecular weight of 4000; and (B) a compound having an average of from about 0.8 to 1.5 free isocyanate groups and at least one basic aliphatically bound nitrogen atom. Optionally, there can be included in the reaction product a compound having from about 0.8 to 1.5 free isocyanate groups and from 1 to 3 ethylenically unsaturated double bonds. The coating compositions cure at relatively low temperatures and relatively short curing times to provide films having excellent resistance to water, chemicals, and corrosion.

Abstract: Heat-hardenable synthetic resins which are water soluble upon partial or total neutralization comprising the reaction products of epoxy groups containing unsaturated diene polymers and amine compounds, graft polymerized with alpha, beta-ethylenically unsaturated monomers which are free from epoxy reactive groups, the homopolymers of the monomers having a glass transition temperature of over 320.degree. K. A process of preparing the heat-hardenable resins is also described. The synthetic resins can be employed as binders for cathodically depositable aqueous coating compositions to provide coatings which will cure at relatively low temperatures and relatively short curing times to provide smooth and hard films having good resistance to water, chemicals, and corrosion; and which adhere well to the coated surface.

Abstract: Cathodically depositable paint binders, water-soluble upon neutralization with acids, and the method of preparing the paint binders based on amine-epoxy adducts which crosslink at elevated temperature through polyurethane formation are described. The paint binders are prepared by reacting per mole of expoxide groups of a polymer having an epoxy equivalent of between about 180 and 1500 from about 3 to 70 mole percent of a polyisocyanate adduct having substantially no free NCO content and carrying per molecule at least one carboxyl group. Basic functionality is provided by reacting the epoxy-containing polymer, before or after reaction with the polyisocyanate adduct, with secondary aliphatic amines and/or alkanol amines. The binders, in addition to providing stable aqueous solutions when neutralized with an inorganic or organic acid, have good resistance to corrosion and solvents.

Abstract: Aqueous coating compositions are described characterized in that the resin binder comprises (a) from about 5 to 90 percent by weight of a water-soluble polyhydroxy component containing at least about 1 mole of amine oxide structure in 1000 grams of solids; and (b) from about 5 to 90 percent by weight of a polycarboxy component having an acid value of from about 30 to 280 mg KOH/g, the carboxy groups of which are partially or completely neutralized with a nitrogen base; components (a) and (b) forming a physical blend or a partial condensation product, the degree of said partial condensation not surpassing the solubility of the composition. Optionally, the coating composition can include from about 5 to 40 percent by weight of a polyvalent resin without polyelectrolyte character which will react with hydroxyl groups. Paint formulations of the coating compositions can be formulated with water constituting more than about 70 percent of the total solvent content.

Abstract: Water-soluble organic macromolecules having a chemical structure juxtapositioned between nonionic macromolecules and macromolecules with polyelectrolyte structure are prepared by reacting water-insoluble macromolecules carrying tertiary substituted basic nitrogen atoms with a material which will release oxygen. The macromolecules, rendered water soluble through the presence of a plurality of semi-polar linkages between nitrogen and oxygen atoms, are useful as binders in water-dilutable paint systems, surface-active wetting agents, flocculating aids as, for example, in treatment of waste water, and the like.

Abstract: An improvement in a process for the separation of aqueous paint spray mists from the environment of a paint spray operation employing a water rinse technique is described. According to the improvement, rinse water is mixed with a water-soluble, substantially non-volatile, low molecular weight, salt-like electrolyte in a quantity sufficient so that the specific weight of the aqueous salt solution at 20.degree. C. is at least 1.01. The electrolyte solution causes the paint to coagulate from the water mixture for convenient separation by decantation, filtration, or the like.