Abstract: An electret microphone is provided, comprising a microphone capsule with an output connection, a first input connection as an earth connection and a second input connection for providing a supply voltage for the microphone capsule and for leading out a microphone output signal of the microphone capsule, and a cascode consisting of a first and second transistor. An output connection of the microphone capsule is provided as input of the cascode. The second transistor is configured as a field effect transistor FET and the gate connection thereof is coupled to the output connection of the microphone capsule. A drain connection of the second transistor is coupled to an emitter connection of the first transistor as bipolar transistor or to a source connection of the first transistor as an FET transistor. Furthermore, a third transistor is provided as bipolar transistor, whose emitter connection is coupled to the second input connection.

Abstract: An insect protection arrangement for an opening in a mobile vehicle unit. The insect protection arrangement includes a frame arrangement having two guide rails and at least one frame strip which connects the two guide rails. The at least one frame strip has an extendable insect protection screen which is guided movably in the two guide rails. Each of the two guide rails are connected to the at least one frame strip via a rotary joint.

Abstract: An insect protection arrangement for an opening in a mobile vehicle unit. The insect protection arrangement includes a frame arrangement having two guide rails and at least one frame strip which connects the two guide rails. The at least one frame strip has an extendable insect protection screen which is guided movably in the two guide rails. Each of the two guide rails are connected to the at least one frame strip via a rotary joint.

Abstract: A method for the inference computation of a plurality of neural networks on a hardware platform. Each of the neural networks comprise a plurality of neurons, which respectively aggregate inputs into a network input using a transfer function characterized by weights and process this network input into an activation using an activation function. The method includes: identifying at least one unit, which comprises one or multiple transfer functions and/or complete neurons and exists in at least two of the networks in the same form or in a form that is similar according to a predefined criterion; performing a single inference computation for the unit on the hardware platform so that the unit provides a set of outputs; processing this set of outputs in the respective networks as an output of the unit. A method for the simultaneous execution of multiple applications is also provided.

Abstract: A habitable motor vehicle includes an interior, an ambience around the vehicle, an opening between the interior and ambience, a door which closes the opening, an insect protection device fastened to the vehicle, a table, and a fastening device which is releasably fastens the table to the vehicle. The insect protection device has an insect protection screen which at least partly closes the opening. The fastening device has coupling members comprising a table coupling member arranged on the table, and a vehicle coupling member arranged on a side of the motor vehicle in a region of the opening. The table and vehicle coupling members are releasably coupled to each other. The table extends from the opening laterally into the ambience when the coupling members are coupled. An intermediate space is formed between the table and the interior having the insect protection screen arranged therein when the coupling members are coupled.

Abstract: A habitable motor vehicle includes an interior, an ambience around the vehicle, an opening between the interior and ambience, a door which closes the opening, an insect protection device fastened to the vehicle, a table, and a fastening device which is releasably fastens the table to the vehicle. The insect protection device has an insect protection screen which at least partly closes the opening. The fastening device has coupling members comprising a table coupling member arranged on the table, and a vehicle coupling member arranged on a side of the motor vehicle in a region of the opening. The table and vehicle coupling members are releasably coupled to each other. The table extends from the opening laterally into the ambience when the coupling members are coupled. An intermediate space is formed between the table and the interior having the insect protection screen arranged therein when the coupling members are coupled.

Abstract: A method and a device for controlling a glow plug in a combustion engine, where a state of aging A of the glow plug is ascertained, and the control of the glow plug is influenced as a function of the state of aging A of the plug.

Abstract: A method for operating a sensor module having a humidity sensor for ascertaining the relative humidity, at least one first measured value for the relative humidity being ascertained with the aid of the humidity sensor. It is provided that an ambient temperature in the area of the humidity sensor is changed with the aid of a temperature control device; at least one second measured value for the relative humidity is ascertained with the aid of the humidity sensor after the change in ambient temperature in the area of the humidity sensor; and an operating state and/or a proper operation of the humidity sensor is inferred as a function of the first and second measured values.

Abstract: A device and a method for controlling at least one glow plug of a motor vehicle are described. The at least one glow plug is controlled as a function of the operating state of the internal combustion engine. In this case, the control is effected as a function of a variable which depends on the exhaust gas temperature and/or as a function of the fulfillment of a fuel quantity condition and/or time condition.

Abstract: A method and a device for detecting the exchange of sheathed-element glow plugs (GPE) in a combustion engine, in which at least one electric characteristic quantity of at least one glow plug is measured at the beginning of a driving cycle, an instantaneous value of this characteristic quantity is determined and compared to at least one stored value of the same electric variable quantity of this glow plug, which was determined at the beginning of at least one preceding driving cycle, and if the deviation of the instantaneous value from the stored value exceeds a specifiable threshold value, an exchange of the glow plug (GPE) will be inferred.

Abstract: A method and a device for controlling a glow plug in a combustion engine, where a state of aging A of the glow plug is ascertained, and the control of the glow plug is influenced as a function of the state of aging A of the plug.

Abstract: A device and a method for controlling at least one glow plug of a motor vehicle are described. The at least one glow plug is controlled as a function of the operating state of the internal combustion engine. In this case, the control is effected as a function of a variable which depends on the exhaust gas temperature and/or as a function of the fulfillment of a fuel quantity condition and/or time condition.

Abstract: A method and a device for correcting a signal of a sensor provide for maximally accurate drift compensation of a characteristics curve of the sensor. At least one characteristic quantity of the signal of the sensor is compared with a reference value. The signal of the sensor is corrected as a function of the comparison result. A value of the at least one characteristic quantity of the signal of the sensor derived from the signal of the sensor is formed as the reference value.

Abstract: A method and a device for detecting the exchange of sheathed-element glow plugs (GPE) in a combustion engine, in which at least one electric characteristic quantity of at least one glow plug is measured at the beginning of a driving cycle, an instantaneous value of this characteristic quantity is determined and compared to at least one stored value of the same electric variable quantity of this glow plug, which was determined at the beginning of at least one preceding driving cycle, and if the deviation of the instantaneous value from the stored value exceeds a specifiable threshold value, an exchange of the glow plug (GPE) will be inferred.

Abstract: A passive, high-temperature-resistant resistor element for measuring temperature is provided, the resistor element having an essentially interior insulating layer and two exterior conducting layers of a ceramic composite structure; the conducting layers being connected to one another at the tip of the resistor element; and the ceramic composite structure including trisilicon tetranitride, a metal silicide, and yttrium oxide or trisilicon tetranitride, a metal silicide, and a matrix phase of SixOyCzNw, where x signifies 1–2, y signifies 0–2, and w signifies 0–2. A combination element of this resistor element and a sheathed type glow plug, for example, is also provided.

Abstract: A thermoelectric component includes a first and a second element which, in the vicinity of a contact point, are in contact with each other, e.g., in the form of a thermal contact. Furthermore, in this connection, first element and/or second element have a ceramic material at least in one vicinity of contact point. The component may be suitable as a thermocouple for measuring temperature based on the Seebeck effect, or for use in a Peltier element as a thermoelectric heating element or cooling element based on the Peltier effect.

Abstract: A pin heater in a sheathed-element glow plug and a sheathed-element glow plug for internal combustion engines, which have improved electrical and mechanical properties, are described. The pin heater has at least one essentially internal insulating layer and one essentially external first conductive layer, both layers including ceramic composite structures. The pin heater includes a second conductive layer, which also includes a ceramic composite structure. The second conductive layer is bonded to the first conductive layer in the region of a combustion chamber side tip of the pin heater. The second conductive layer runs inside the insulating layer.

Abstract: A ceramic composite material is described, which is obtainable by at least partial pyrolysis of a starting mixture or of a starting body containing a polymer precursor material. The starting mixture or the starting body contains boron in a proportion of 0.1 wt.-% to 60 wt.-%. In addition, a method for manufacturing such a ceramic composite material is described, a boron-containing starting mixture including a polymer precursor material being subjected to an at least partial pyrolysis. Finally, a sheathed-element glow plug including the ceramic composite material as an insulating layer and/or conductive layer is described.

Abstract: A ceramic composite material, for example, a ceramic molded body or a layer obtained by pyrolysis of a starting mixture, containing at least one polymer precursor material and at least one filler, which has an average particle size of less than 200 nm. Such a composite material may be used, for example, for producing fibers, filters, catalyst support materials, ceramic sheathed-element glow plugs, metal-containing reactive composite materials, porous protective shells for sensors, ceramic or partially ceramic coatings or microstructured ceramic components.

Abstract: A pin heater (1) in a sheathed-element glow plug (5) and a sheathed-element glow plug (5) for internal combustion engines, which have improved electrical and mechanical properties, are described. The pin heater (1) has at least one essentially internal insulating layer (10) and one essentially external first conductive layer (15, 16), both layers (10; 15, 16) including ceramic composite structures. The pin heater (1) includes a second conductive layer (20), which also includes a ceramic composite structure. The second conductive layer (20) is bonded to the first conductive layer (15, 16) in the region of a combustion chamber side tip (40) of the pin heater (1). The second conductive layer (20) runs inside the insulating layer (10).