Abstract: A system of pitch attitude symbols, which can be generated by a head-up display unit of an air vehicle, is provided. The system of pitch attitude symbols can be displayed by the head-up display as a virtual image in the direction of flight, behind the cockpit screen in a focal plane in front of the background. An unequivocal system of pitch attitude symbols is provided for the pilot, for a display area of an HUD, which display area is arranged below the natural horizon during neutral flight attitude of an air vehicle. Within the focal plane, the system of pitch attitude symbols comprises at least one pitch attitude representation area, arranged in perspective, which pitch attitude representation area can always be arranged parallel to the surface of the earth. The rear edge of the pitch attitude representation area is tiltably fixed in a rear edge axis and, depending on the pitch attitude of the air vehicle, the pitch attitude representation area can be tilted on the focal plane.

Abstract: A system of pitch attitude symbols, which can be generated by a head-up display unit of an air vehicle, is provided. The system of pitch attitude symbols can be displayed by the head-up display as a virtual image in the direction of flight, behind the cockpit screen in a focal plane in front of the background. An unequivocal system of pitch attitude symbols is provided for the pilot, for a display area of an HUD, which display area is arranged below the natural horizon during neutral flight attitude of an air vehicle. Within the focal plane, the system of pitch attitude symbols comprises at least one pitch attitude representation area, arranged in perspective, which pitch attitude representation area can always be arranged parallel to the surface of the earth. The rear edge of the pitch attitude representation area is tiltably fixed in a rear edge axis and, depending on the pitch attitude of the air vehicle, the pitch attitude representation area can be tilted on the focal plane.

Abstract: In the rolling probe, the measuring pole is designed as a rotating, rotationally symmetrical roller (4), such as a disk, cylinder or sphere, which directly contacts the surface of object to be measured (5) and is placed in the range of a sensor system. As a result, the maximum possible signal deviation can be fully used for the measuring. An increased measured value resolution and measuring accuracy especially in the measuring of thin sheets is achieved. Further, the actual thickness measuring takes place at the contact point with the layer to be measured. Thus, a true "one-point measuring" is involved.