Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for channel modulation for a memory device are described. A system may include a memory device and a host device coupled with the memory device. The system may be configured to communicate a first signal modulated using a first modulation scheme and communicate a second signal that is based on the first signal and that is modulated using a second modulation scheme. The first modulation scheme may include a first quantity of voltage levels that span a first range of voltages, and the second modulation scheme may include a second quantity of voltage levels that span a second range of voltages different than (e.g., smaller than) the first range of voltages. The first signal may include write data carried over a data channel, and the second signal may include error detection information based on the write data that is carried over an error detection channel.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for masked training and analysis with a memory array are described. A memory device may operate in a first mode in which a maximum transition avoidance (MTA) decoder for a memory array of the memory device is disabled. During the first mode, the memory device may couple an input node of the MTA decoder with a first output node of a first decoder, such as a first pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) decoder. The memory device may operate in a second mode in which the MTA decoder for the memory array is enabled. During the second mode, the memory device may couple the input node of the MTA decoder with a second output node of a second decoder, such as a second PAM decoder.

Abstract: Systems, apparatuses, and methods for transmission failure feedback associated with a memory device are described. A memory device may detect errors in received data and transmit an indication of the error when detected. The memory device may receive data and checksum information for the data from a controller. The memory device may generate a checksum for the received data and may detect transmission errors. The memory device may transmit an indication of detected errors to the controller, and the indication may be transmitted using a line that is different than an error detection code (EDC) line. A low-speed tracking clock signal may also be transmitted by the memory device over a line different than the EDC line. The memory device may transmit a generated checksum to the controller with a time offset applied to the checksum signaled over the EDC line.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for error detection, error correction, and error management by memory devices are described. Programmable thresholds may be configured for a memory device based on a type of data or a location of stored data, among other aspects. For example, a host device may configure a threshold quantity of errors for data at a memory device. When retrieving the data, the memory device may track or count errors in the data and determine whether the threshold has been satisfied. The memory device may transmit (e.g., to the host device) an indication whether the threshold has been satisfied, and the system may perform functions to correct the errors and/or prevent further errors. The memory device may also identify errors in received commands or may identify errors introduced in data after the data was received (e.g., using an error detecting code associated with a command or bus).

Abstract: A program controlled dishwasher in which magnetic sensors provided adjacent to the dishwasher door respond to magnetic fields of predetermined polarization provided by permanent magnets in a catenulate magnetic key mounted on a dishwasher caddy in a position adjacent the magnetic sensors when the caddy is in the tub of the dishwasher, for generating a verifiable code pattern readable against dishwasher stored programs for the selection and actuation of a program specific to the articles which are stored in the caddy for washing. The polarization patterns on the caddies are specific to the kind of articles stored therein and may be readily altered to accommodate different articles.

Abstract: A bench for vacuum filtration of fluid samples includes a stand having at least one aperture for receiving and supporting a filter device. A vacuum distribution conduit is rigidly mounted on the stand and a vacuum branch conduit extends between the vacuum distribution conduit and the filter device. An isolating valve is provided in the vacuum branch conduit.

Abstract: A pressure filtering device includes a cylindrical center part, an upper part, a lower part, a first connecting means for detachably connecting the upper part to the upper end of the center part with a fluid-tight connection and a second connecting means for detachably connecting the lower part to the lower end of the center part with a fluid-tight connection. An inlet is provided on the upper part, an outlet and a filter support are provided on the lower part, and a filter element is disposed on the filter support.

Abstract: A backpressure grid plate is provided for a pressure filtration system of the type comprising a housing with an inlet and outlet for conducting fluid to be treated, a filter disposed in the housing between said inlet and outlet, and a backpressure grid means arranged between the filter and the inlet. The backpressure grid means comprises a plate containing minute openings which are equal in size and distributed unevenly over the surface area of the plate in such manner that the surface distribution density of the openings is lowest within an inner impact area of the plate which receives inflowing fluid to be filtered and is highest within a proximity area of the plate located immediately adjacent to and surrounding the impact area. The surface distribution density of the openings within an outer area surrounding the proximity area is lower than that of the proximity area and higher than that of the impact area.

Abstract: A housing for single-use pressure filtration units comprises upper and lower parts. A filter element is to be clamped between the housing parts. The upper housing part, preferably molded in one piece of synthetic material, includes a plurality of radial ribs which hold the filter element down, and a baffle disk supported solely by the ribs. The disk is spaced beneath the axial inlet duct to prevent direct impingement of axially incoming pressurized fluid against the filter element. Only some of the ribs support the disk, the remaining ribs terminating short of the disk to promote uniform radial distribution of fluid deflected by the disk. Radially inner ends of the disk support ribs are inclined downwardly and inwardly and act in funnel-like fashion on the inflowing fluid.

Abstract: A high pressure diaphragm test cell includes upper and lower parts. A clamp assembly is provided which enables the cell parts to be clamped together or released by a single person. The clamp assembly includes a carrier frame connected to the upper cell part. A vertical carrier pin extends downwardly from the carrier frame. A pair of clamp ring parts are connected to the carrier pin for rotation in a horizontal plane. A fastener extends tangentially relative to the free ends of the clamp parts for tightening the clamp parts against the cell parts. The fastener includes a screw rotatably carried in one of the clamp parts and threaded into the other clamp part. The screw has stop plates which engage the one clamp part to aid in separating the clamp parts when the cell parts are to be disassembled.

Abstract: A two-piece body high pressure membrane test cell is disclosed with a tangential feed into the interior pressure chamber in which a central distributor element is mounted with the lower frusto-conical end thereof at a critical spacing above a filter membrane. The membrane is supported on an annular land of a filter support disc which has a peripheral edge zone compressed in a sealed fit between the lower and upper pieces of the cell body. The edge zone is machined to a precise thickness to provide a reproducible and accurate spacing between the filter membrane that rests on the support and the lower end of the distributor.

Abstract: A pressure filtration apparatus including an upper portion with an inflow channel and a discharge channel for the concentrate and a lower portion with a filter support and a discharge channel for the filtrate, the upper and lower portions being releaseably connectable with one another while forming a pressure space. The apparatus contains a distributor plate whose underside is disposed parallel to the upper side of the filter and snugly above the latter while forming an intervening space, and in the center of which is an opening for the concentrate discharge channel. The outer edge of the distributor plate forms a small annular opening which extends all around closely against a basically vertically interior of the pressure space. The top side of the distributor plate has a peripherally raised outer edge which while forming a narrow annular clearance extends to close up against a downwardly pointing horizontal interior wall of the upper portion.

Abstract: A pressure filtration cell includes a reservoir for liquid to be filtered, a filter at the bottom of the reservoir, and a manually actuable pump for supplying compressed air. The pump is detachable from the reservoir. The air is introduced near the bottom of the reservoir closely adjacent the filter so as to create turbulence in the liquid and across the filter. The turbulence is of a pulsating nature due to the intermittent operation of the pump. Thus, the pump is easily portable for use anywhere and creates a "dynamic" filtration process even without a mechanical stirrer. If used in a laboratory, the cell can be provided with a rotary, magnetically operated stirrer mounted on a relatively short axle.

Abstract: A compensating plate for a pressure filtration cell including a generally cylindrical liquid-feeding vessel and a base removably connected to the feeding vessel by means of a flanged joint, the removable base forming a filter holder, in which an outer edge of the plate is engaged in a flange between the liquid-feeding vessel and the filter holder and, on its upper side, the outer edge of the plate is sealed against the liquid-feeding vessel by means of a circumferential seal. The compensating plate has a central opening corresponding to the size of a filter placed in the filter holder, the plate having a slight conical depression toward the said opening.

Abstract: A syringe of the slide piston pump type is adapted to overcome a pressure resistance at its outlet as may be provided, for instance, by a filter in communication with the outlet and through which the syringe is to pump a medium, particularly a liquid medium, for filtration. The syringe comprises a cylinder containing a piston, and a piston rod. The piston rod is fixed to a second piston sliding within a longitudinal bore in the first-mentioned piston. The bore and the second piston cooperate to define an air-filled pressure chamber connected to a cylinder chamber, defined by the first piston and the cylinder, by a valve. Inward movement of the piston rod produces an over-pressure (e.g. 16 atmospheres) in the pressure chamber to open the valve to apply the over-pressure to the liquid or other medium in the cylinder chamber to overcome the pressure resistance of the filter and enable the liquid to be forced through the filter.

Abstract: A syringe is adapted to overcome a pressure resistance at its outlet as may be provided, for instance, by a filter in communication with the outlet and through which the syringe is to pump a medium, particularly a liquid medium, for filtration. The syringe comprises a first cylinder containing a piston and a piston rod. The piston rod is fixed to a second piston sliding within a longitudinal bore in the first-mentioned piston. The bore and the second piston cooperate to define an air-filled pressure chamber connected to a first cylinder chamber, defined by the first piston and the first cylinder, by a valve. Inward movement of the piston rod produces an over-pressure (e.g. 16 atmospheres) in the pressure chamber to open the valve to apply the over-pressure to the liquid or other medium in the cylinder chamber to overcome the pressure resistance of the filter and enable the liquid to be forced through the filter.