Abstract: The circuit arrangement has a mains connection, a mains switch with two switching contacts, a demagnetization coil and a switch-mode power supply, which contains a driver circuit for producing a control voltage for the switching transistor of the switch-mode power supply. A first switching contact of the mains switch is arranged between the mains connection and the demagnetization coil in order to switch the demagnetization coil on and off, and the second switching contact is connected to a supply or control voltage for the driver circuit, in order to switch off the switch-mode power supply. In consequence, a power factor coil can be used between the mains connection and the switch-mode power supply for power factor correction, without the mains switch being loaded by the inductance of the power factor coil.

Abstract: A casting device includes a wall which is formed in the manner of a sandwich structure from a front layer, a yielding intermediate layer and a supporting outer layer. In this way, the contraction-related internal stresses which occur during cooling are kept at a low level by the resilient properties of the intermediate layer. As such, the formation of cracks in the component to be cast can be avoided.

Abstract: The power supply according to the invention has a first switched-mode power supply and a second switched-mode power supply, which is connected in parallel with the first, and with both switched-mode power supplies having power factor correction. In this case, the first switched-mode power supply has an active power factor correction circuit, for example with a current pump which contains a coil which is coupled to a primary winding of a transformer, and the second switched-mode power supply has a power factor coil (NS) in its power supply for power factor correction. Both switched-mode power supplies are in this case arranged in one appliance, in particular in parallel and downstream from a common mains switch. The active power factor correction in this case flattens the pulsed current flow, and the power factor coil shifts the phase of the pulsed current flow.

Abstract: The circuit arrangement has a mains connection, a mains switch and a switched-mode power supply which contains a power factor coil for power factor correction. In this case, the mains switch has two switching contacts, one of which is arranged in a supply line between the mains connection and the switched-mode power supply, and in this way switches the phase or neutral conductor of the 50 Hz line network off and on. The connections of the second switching contact are located in a voltage supply for the driver circuit of the switched-mode power supply, and the second switching contact switches the switching transistor in the switched-mode power supply off when the circuit arrangement is switched off, by its control voltage being switched off directly or indirectly. The switching contact of a relay is arranged in parallel with the first switching contact of the mains switch, and the control coil of this relay is connected to an output voltage of the switched-mode power supply.

Abstract: The invention relates to a turbine comprising at least four stages and to the use of a rotor blade with a reduced mass. In prior art, rotor blades in the fourth stage of a gas turbine, which exceed 50 cm in length, cause problems relating to mechanical strength, as centrifugal forces of too great a magnitude occur during the rotation of the rotor blades. An inventive rotor blade in the fourth row of a gas turbine has a reduced density as a result of a high proportion of a ceramic, thus reducing the centrifugal force.

Abstract: The power supply according to the invention has a first switched-mode power supply and a second switched-mode power supply (II), which is connected in parallel with the first, and with both switched-mode power supplies having power factor correction. In this case, the first switched-mode power supply has an active power factor correction circuit, for example with a current pump which contains a coil which is coupled to a primary winding of a transformer, and the second switched-mode power supply (II) has a power factor coil (NS) in its power supply for power factor correction. Both switched-mode power supplies are in this case arranged in one appliance, in particular in parallel and downstream from a common mains switch. The active power factor correction in this case flattens the pulsed current flow, and the power factor coil shifts the phase of the pulsed current flow.

Abstract: A casting device includes a wall which is formed in the manner of a sandwich structure from a front layer, a yielding intermediate layer and a supporting outer layer. In this way, the contraction-related internal stresses which occur during cooling are kept at a low level by the resilient properties of the intermediate layer. As such, the formation of cracks in the component to be cast can be avoided.

Abstract: A high-temperature component made of a nickel super-alloy has the following composition in wt %: 11-13% of Cr, 3-5% of W, 0.5-2.5% of Mo, 3-5% of Al, 3-5% of Ti, 3-7% of Ta, 1-5% of Re and a remainder formed of nickel. A corresponding component which is also provided is formed of an alloy having a composition essentially similar to that mentioned above, but with the rhenium proportion replaced with 0.1-5 wt % of ruthenium.

Abstract: The device for the detection of a wetting of a pane of glass, has an optical rain sensor which detects extraneous light and evaluates it for purposes of day-night detection. The amount of light striking the receiver (14) is integrated in an integration stage (16) and supplied to a comparator stage (20). The total light quantity formed by the light of a transmitter (12) and extraneous light and the extraneous light quantity detected when the transmitter (12) is switched off are measured in separate time intervals (Tg, Tf, Tf′). The time interval (Tf, Tf′) utilized for measurement of the extraneous light quantity is to be extended after a predeterminable number of measurement cycles (M) or after a predeterminable time period and/or the threshold (S2) is to be lowered for day-night detection.

Abstract: Switched-mode power supplies having a switching transistor and a transformer, with whose primary winding the switching transistor is connected in series, usually require a starting circuit, which is connected to an input voltage. Since a current continually flows through the starting circuit even during normal operation, it is endeavoured to keep the said current as small as possible. The switched-mode power supply comprises a threshold value circuit, for example a Zener diode connected in series with a resistor, which keeps the driver circuit turned off after the switching-on of the switched-mode power supply, until the operating voltage for the driver circuit has exceeded a specific threshold value which is referred to one end of a winding on the primary side. As a result of this, it is possible to charge a charging capacitor via the starting circuit with a low current, without currents flowing away.

Abstract: An integrated circuit achieves a burst mode standby operation for a switched-mode power supply by driving a switching transistor. One winding of a transformer is connected to inputs of two differently biased rectifier circuits and the sum of the output voltages of these circuits is applied to a control terminal of the integrated circuit.

Abstract: In a process and apparatus for the production of gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide from a solid fuel in a fluidized bed, the solid particles contained in the product gas are separated off in a cyclone separator and recycled to the fluidized bed by way of a recycling conduit. The recycling conduit is provided with injection nozzles for introducing gas flows into the recycling conduit in a pulse-like manner in order to loosen up the particles therein. The gas flows may be introduced into the recycling conduit in displaced relationship in respect of time in such a way that, of two adjacent injection locations, gas is injected through the injection location which is arranged at a greater spacing from the reactor at a later time than at the injector location which is closer to the reactor.

Abstract: In a process and apparatus for the production of gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide from a solid fuel in a fluidized bed, the solid particles contained in the product gas are separated off in a cyclone separator and recycled to the fluidized bed by way of a recycling conduit. The recycling conduit is provided with injection nozzles for introducing gas flows into the recycling conduit in a pulse-like manner in order to loosen up the particles therein. The gas flows may be introduced into the recycling conduit in displaced relationship in respect of time in such a way that, of two adjacent injection locations, gas is injected through the injection location which is arranged at a greater spacing from the reactor at a later time than at the injection location which is closer to the reactor.

Abstract: A lining for a furnace chamber which is at least approximately round in cross-section is divided into at least two layers in a radial direction and into at least two portions in an axial direction. A gas seal is disposed between the lining portions, the gas seal being in the form of a foil as of metal and being divided in a radial direction into at least two portions releasably connected together in such a manner as to permit the inner portion to be removed in an axial direction. The gas seal can therefore be composed of individual seal portions, in a radial direction, and can be fitted separately.

Abstract: A resin comprising a copolymer of an unsaturated benzoin or unsaturated benzoin alkyl ether and a neutral or basic derivative of an unsaturated carboxylic acid, said copolymer having grafted onto it an allylamine.

Abstract: Fuel briquettes are produced by hot pressing a mixture of a fine grained coal softening at the pressing temperature and a coal component which hardly or not at all softens at the pressing temperature. The starting materials are converted into a granular structure material by the use of pure oxygen or an oxygen/nitrogen mixture having an oxygen content above 21% by volume so that the resulting granular material has a bulk weight of between 0.3 t/m.sup.3 to 0.7 t/m.sup.3.

Abstract: Locking means for a piston pin is loosely mounted in the bosses of a piston and which piston is larger in outside diameter than the external distance between the bosses. At least one angled locking pin having one arm secured in the boss and extending approximately parallel to the axis of the boss is provided and the other arm of the locking pin is bent so as to extend before the opening of the boss.

Abstract: A rechargeable galvanic battery which contains liquid sodium, as the negative electro-chemically active material, and liquid sulfur, as the positive electro-chemically active material, and a ceramic solid electrolyte, which is capable of conducting sodium ions. The sodium is completely absorbed in a fine-pored metal felt or mat. The sulfur is completely absorbed in a graphite felt or mat. The metal felt has open pores which face toward the solid electrolyte. The pore structure of the metal felt is undisturbed even in the transition area between the metal felt and the solid electrolyte. The metal felt fills the entire anode space of the battery. At least at the operating temperature of the battery, an intimate contact over a large surface area exists between the metal felt and the solid electrolyte. The maximum distance between the metal felt and the solid electrolyte is in the order of the magnitude of the pore width of the metal felt.

Abstract: A system for the chemical storage of radiant energy in which either:A. 1,8-diaryl-1a,2,7,7a-tetrahydro-1,2,7-metheno-1H-cyclopropa[b]naphthalenes (1) are converted on heating to 1,2-diaryl-2a,8b-dihydrocyclobuta[a]naphthalenes (2) or 8,9-diaryl-benzocyclooctatetraenes (3), with the release of heat; and exposure of either compounds (3) or compounds (2) to suitable radiation results in the photochemical synthesis of compounds (1); orB. substituted naphthalenes undergo photochemical dimerization to form 1,2,2a,7,8,12b-hexahydro-1,8,2,7-ethanedihylidenedibenzo[a,e]cyclobuta[c]c yclooctenes. On heating, the latter revert to the original naphthalenes with the release of heat.

Abstract: A method of polymerizing a composition comprising a mixture of monomers said monomer mixture containing from 3 to 100% of amines containing two or more allyl groups which method comprises irradiating a solution of a hydrofluoride, hydrochloride or sulphate salt of said amine in a non polar and non hydroxylic solvent with electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength greater than 180 nanometers and preferably less than 800 nano meters preferably in the presence of a radiation sensitizer at a temperature in the range from -80.degree. to +120.degree. C preferably 10.degree. C to 90.degree. C and isolating the polymer so formed.