Abstract: An approach is described that obtains spectrum coefficients for a replacement frame of an audio signal. A tonal component of a spectrum of an audio signal is detected based on a peak that exists in the spectra of frames preceding a replacement frame. For the tonal component of the spectrum a spectrum coefficients for the peak and its surrounding in the spectrum of the replacement frame is predicted, and for the non-tonal component of the spectrum a non-predicted spectrum coefficient for the replacement frame or a corresponding spectrum coefficient of a frame preceding the replacement frame is used.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for synthesizing an audio signal are described. A spectral tilt is applied to the code of a codebook used for synthesizing a current frame of the audio signal. The spectral tilt is based on the spectral tilt of the current frame of the audio signal. Further, an audio decoder operating in accordance with the inventive approach is described.

Abstract: An audio codec supporting both, time-domain and frequency-domain coding modes, having low-delay and an increased coding efficiency in terms of iterate/distortion ratio, is obtained by configuring the audio encoder such that same operates in different operating modes such that if the active operative mode is a first operating mode, a mode dependent set of available frame coding modes is disjoined to a first subset of time-domain coding modes, and overlaps with a second subset of frequency-domain coding modes, whereas if the active operating mode is a second operating mode, the mode dependent set of available frame coding modes overlaps with both subsets, i.e. the subset of time-domain coding modes as well as the subset of frequency-domain coding modes.

Abstract: An audio codec supporting both, time-domain and frequency-domain coding modes, having low-delay and an increased coding efficiency in terms of iterate/distortion ratio, is obtained by configuring the audio encoder such that same operates in different operating modes such that if the active operative mode is a first operating mode, a mode dependent set of available frame coding modes is disjoined to a first subset of time-domain coding modes, and overlaps with a second subset of frequency-domain coding modes, whereas if the active operating mode is a second operating mode, the mode dependent set of available frame coding modes overlaps with both subsets, i.e. the subset of time-domain coding modes as well as the subset of frequency-domain coding modes.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a semiconductor component includes: deposition of a polysilicon layer on a substrate, deposition of a precursor layer on the polysilicon layer, and deposition of a protective layer on the precursor layer. A crystalline transformation occurs in the precursor layer at a first temperature to form an electrode layer. The layers are patterned to form an electrode stack, and the polysilicon layer is oxidized at a second temperature such that no crystalline transformation occurs in the electrode layer.

Abstract: A method for producing metal layers on surfaces of semiconductor substrates includes the step of providing a semiconductor substrate having a surface. In this case, a precursor compound of a metal to be deposited is condensed out on the semiconductor surface and subsequently decomposed thermally. The method makes it possible to fill trenches with a high aspect ratio, it being possible to effectively suppress the formation of voids.

Abstract: A method for producing metal layers on surfaces of semiconductor substrates includes the step of providing a semiconductor substrate having a surface. In this case, a precursor compound of a metal to be deposited is condensed out on the semiconductor surface and subsequently decomposed thermally. The method makes it possible to fill trenches with a high aspect ratio, it being possible to effectively suppress the formation of voids.

Abstract: In a radiation protection arrangement for an x-ray diagnostics installation, at least one x-ray impenetrable strap is pivotably seated at a carrier, this being movable along a guide rail via the carrier. A brake arrangement for the carrier is provided which at least impedes movement of the carrier along the guide rail when the component of the installation on which the radiation protection arrangement is carried is adjusted in position. At least two x-ray impenetrable straps can be provided, each being pivotably seated at a carrier, whereby a formed part is provided in the region of the carrier which effects a diversion of each strap during pivoting. Each strap can be capable of being folded over and fixed in the folded-over condition, so that an opening to the examination region is produced.

Abstract: A method of locating insertion elements (IS elements) or transposons in coryneform bacteria, a positive selection system suitable for the above, the IS elements found in this manner and their use, is disclosed. The method involves:(1) The construction of a non-self-transferrable vector mobilizable from an E. coli mobilizer strain which vector is composed of(a) A DNA segment containing a replicon functional in E. coli,(b) A second DNA segment containing the DNA fragment coding for the mobilization function (Mob site containing the oriT),(c) A third DNA segment which recombines homologously in Gram-positive bacteria and/or contains a replicon functional in coryneform bacteria,(d) A DNA segment from Bacillus subtilis containing the sacB gene,(2) Transfer of this vector by means of conjugative transfer into the coryneform recipient strains,(3) Cultivation of the transconjugants containing the vector in an .about.

Abstract: A process for controlling the operation of a textile draw frame wherein a plurality of fiber slivers are fed to the draw frame at a predetermined desired delivery speed includes monitoring the presence of individual fiber slivers delivered to the draw frame and decreasing the delivery speed of the draw frame if any of the monitored fiber slivers is indicated as missing from being fed to the draw frame. The process includes subsequently increasing the delivery speed of the draw frame if the respective missing fiber slivers are again indicated as being fed to the draw frame. The invention also includes a draw frame including apparatus for carrying out the controlling process.

Abstract: An x-ray target device for holding and positioning an x-ray film cassette in a radiological examination apparatus has a first assembly for the introduction or removal of a cassette into or out of a transfer region and a second assembly for holding for positioning the cassette sideways. A single drive is provided for operating both assemblies, with the driving connection between the single drive and the second assembly being disengaged when the second assembly is in the transfer region, but the driving connection is engaged otherwise. The second assembly carries a pair of gripping elements which are movable toward each other to grip the cassette therebetween. The second assembly is movable between the transfer region and an exposure region in the device. Another single drive is provided for moving the gripper elements and for moving the second assembly between the transfer and exposure regions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process and device for the reduction of energy consumption in operating spinning elements in driving spinning rotors of open-spinning machines or the spindle drive of ring spinning machine or the roving frame. It is the object of the invention to constantly keep energy consumption in the operation of spinning element at a minimum. Contact pressure between each spinning element and the indirect driving device is adjusted as a function of the momentary difference between the rotational speed of the spinning element and of its driving device in stationary operation while rotational speeds only nominally change, so that the slippage between indirect driving device and spinning element remains constant in time.

Abstract: A medical diagnostics installation comprises components for portraying an examination region on a monitor and includes an operating unit which is spatially spaced from the monitor and has a control unit, either a sensor field, a joystick or a key field, for acting on a data processor for controlling the components. The data processor includes a data store that contains data corresponding to different operating menus, and these menus are capable of being called in via the operating unit and are displayed on the monitor. At least one operating condition of the medical diagnostics installation can be produced by the operating unit and the operating menus correspond to the operating conditions being displayed on the monitor are only the operating functions required for this operating condition. The operating functions are controllable via a mark or cursor which is controlled by either the sensor field, joystick or key field.

Abstract: A method locating insertion elements (IS elements) or transposons in coryneform bacteria, a positive selection system suitable for the above, the IS elements found in this manner and their use, is disclosed. The method involves:(1) The construction of a non-self-transferrable vector mobilizable from an E. coli mobilizer strain which vector is composed of(a) A DNA segment containing a replicon functional in E. coli,(b) A second DNA segment containing the DNA fragment coding for the mobilization function (Mob site containing the oriT),(c) A third DNA segment which recombines homologously in Gram-positive bacteria and/or contains a replicon functional in coryneform bacteria,(d) A DNA segment from Bacillus subtilis containing the sacB gens,(2) Transfer of this vector by means of conjugative transfer into the coryneform recipient strains,(3) Cultivation of the transconjugants containing the vector in an .about.

Abstract: Drive arrangement for spinning stations of an OE spinning machine. The feed rollers of the spinning stations can be driven by an electric motor and the draw-off rollers by another electric motor. At least one of these two motors is a synchronous motor. Each of the two motors can be fed supply currents of adjustable frequency by a reverse rectifier, with the rotational speed of one of these two motors being adjusted as a function of the rotational speed of the other motor which is sensed by a pulse generator in such manner that the set rotational speed ratio of these two motors remains constant at operating speeds and in that the operating speeds are ensured even in case of brief network outage.

Abstract: A plurality of spindles of a textile machine are all mechanically interconnected and individually grouped, the individual groups of the spindles are driven by respective polyphase electric motors having respective feed lines all connected in parallel to the output lines of a polyphase electric power supply. Either the current or the voltage of the supply is maintained generally constant independent of load and a characteristic of the electricity in the feed lines of only one of the motors is monitored in the constant-current system or in the output lines of the supply in the constant-voltage system. An alarm, for example an optical or acoustic signal or just an indication on a display or printout, is generated when the characteristic of the electricity in any one of the monitored lines varies substantially from that of the other monitored lines.