Abstract: A process for the removal of acids from reaction mixtures, comprising at least one product of value which is sparingly soluble in water, by at least one unpolar amine as an auxiliary base, which includes: a) reacting the auxiliary base with the acid with formation of a salt; b) reacting the salt formed in step a) with a further base which accepts the acid with liberation of the auxiliary base and combines with the acid to be accepted from the auxiliary base to form a salt which is very readily soluble in water; c) extraction of the mixture obtained in step b) with water or an aqueous medium, wherein the salt of the further base dissolves in the aqueous phase and the product of value, or the solution of the product of value, in a suitable solvent and the auxiliary base form at least one separate nonaqueous phase; and d) removal by distillation of at least part of any solvent present from the at least one nonaqueous phase obtained in step c), to form two nonmiscible liquid phases.

Abstract: A process for the removal of acids from reaction mixtures, comprising at least one product of value which is sparingly soluble in water, by at least one unpolar amine as an auxiliary base, which includes: a) reacting the auxiliary base with the acid with formation of a salt; b) reacting the salt formed in step a) with a further base which accepts the acid with liberation of the auxiliary base and combines with the acid to be accepted from the auxiliary base to form a salt which is very readily soluble in water; c) extraction of the mixture obtained in step b) with water or an aqueous medium, wherein the salt of the further base dissolves in the aqueous phase and the product of value, or the solution of the product of value, in a suitable solvent and the auxiliary base form at least one separate nonaqueous phase; and d) removal by distillation of at least part of any solvent present from the at least one nonaqueous phase obtained in step c), to form two nonmiscible liquid phases.

Abstract: A process for the removal of acids from reaction mixtures, comprising at least one product of value which is sparingly soluble in water, by at least one unpolar amine as an auxiliary base, which includes: a) reacting the auxiliary base with the acid with formation of a salt; b) reacting the salt formed in step a) with a further base which accepts the acid with liberation of the auxiliary base and combines with the acid to be accepted from the auxiliary base to form a salt which is very readily soluble in water; c) extraction of the mixture obtained in step b) with water or an aqueous medium, wherein the salt of the further base dissolves in the aqueous phase and the product of value, or the solution of the product of value, in a suitable solvent and the auxiliary base form at least one separate nonaqueous phase; and d) removal by distillation of at least part of any solvent present from the at least one nonaqueous phase obtained in step c), to form two nonmiscible liquid phases.

Abstract: A low-dust, free-flowing choline chloride powder based on natural carriers or silica, the choline chloride content on natural carriers being from 30 to 60% by weight and that on silica being from 30 to 80% by weight, based on the choline chloride powder, is prepared by a process in which(a) choline chloride solution is mixed with the carrier in the desired ratio within the stated range,(b) the resulting mixture is sprayed continuously into a fluidized bed already containing dry choline chloride powder and is dried there at from 90.degree. to 180.degree. C., and(c) the dried end product is removed from the fluidized bed and cooled to below 50.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of pourable choline chloride/silica powders by mixing silica with choline chloride and, where appropriate, drying this mixture, wherein spray-dried or fluidized bed-dried silica which has a particle size of from 30 to 250 .mu.m is mixed with an aqueous choline chloride solution which contains from 70 to 80% by weight, based on the solution, of choline chloride and is at from 40.degree. to 80.degree. C., thereafter from 0.05 to 0.4% by weight, based on the mixture, of magnesium stearate or calcium stearate is added and, if appropriate, the resulting mixture is dried.

Abstract: Neopentyl glycol hydroxypivalate is isolated from a reaction mixture obtained from a Tishchenko reaction of hydroxypivalaldehyde in the presence of calcium hydroxide, barium hydroxide or strontium hydroxide, by adding acid, removing the salts formed by adjusting the water content in the reaction mixture to 20-60% and extracting the salts at above 50.degree. C. and working up the residual mixture by distillation.

Abstract: Saturated aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and araliphatic aldehydes are prepared by selective hydrogenation of the corresponding olefinically unsaturated aldehydes with hydrogen in the liquid phase over a palladium-containing catalyst, using a catalyst system in which the active constituents are from 2 to 90% by weight of palladium and from 10 to 98% by weight of an oxide or a salt of a rare earth metal or of a mixture of different oxides and/or salts of this type.

Abstract: The manufacture of N-disubstituted 1-aminoalk-2-yn-4-ols by reacting a secondary amine, e.g. a dialkylamine, formaldehyde and an acetylene-alcohol by a Mannich reaction, using a copper catalyst, takes place with better yield and at a higher rate if carried out in the presence of iodine or of a bromide or iodide.

Abstract: 4-(m,m'-ditert.-butyl-p-hydroxyphenyl)-butan-2-ones are produced by reaction of a 4-hydroxybutanone-(2) with 2,6-ditert.-butylphenol in the presence of a strong acid at elevated temperature. The compounds obtainable by the process, particularly 4-(m,m'-ditert.-butyl-p-hydroxyphenyl)-butane-2-one, are starting materials for the production of dyes, pest control agents and plastics auxiliaries and particularly of stabilizers for polyolefins and polyamides.

Abstract: The manufacture of N-disubstituted 1-aminoalk-2-yn-4-ols by reacting a secondary amine, e.g. a dialkylamine, formaldehyde and an acetylene-alcohol by a Mannich reaction, using a copper catalyst, takes place with better yield and at a higher rate if carried out in the presence of iodine or of a bromide or iodide.

Abstract: Novel 4-(m,m'-di-t-butyl-p-hydroxyphenyl)-butyl-2 compounds which are intermediates in the manufacture of dyes, pesticides and plastics auxiliaries, particularly stabilizers for polyolefins and polyamides. When molten, they form specific solvents for alkylphenols and are perfumes or form ingredients of perfume compositions having a fruity odor.

Abstract: Novel 4-(m,m'-di-t-butyl-p-hydroxyphenyl)-butyl-2 diamides of aliphatic, araliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic dicarboxylic acids which are intermediates in the manufacture of dyes, pesticides and plastics auxiliaries, particularly stabilizers for polyolefins and polyamides. When molten, they form specific solvents for alkylphenols and are perfumes or form ingredients of perfume compositions having a fruity odor.

Abstract: A palladium catalyst for the maufacture of butene-2-diol-1,4 from technical butynediol obtained by reacting acetylene and formaldehyde by the Reppe method in contact with copper catalysts and not specially purified contains (in addition to palladium) both zinc and cadmium, or either zinc or cadmium together with bismuth or tellurium.

Abstract: Suitable compounds for stabilizing polyamides against oxidation and thermal degradation are bis-ureas and bis(acid amides) based on 2,6-di-t-butylphenol-butylamine said compounds having the general formula: ##SPC1##Wherein Y represents the urea or amide radical.