Abstract: A process for the isomerization of isolated double bonds to conjugated double bonds in low-molecular weight homo- and/or copolymers of 1,3-dienes uses an isomerization catalyst optionally in the presence of a solvent, wherein the isomerization catalyst is a mixture of(a) a hydroxide of the alkali metals potassium, rubidium, or cesium, and an alcohol or(b) a lithium alcoholate or sodium alcoholate and a potassium, rubidium, or cesium salt or(c) sodium hydroxide, an alcohol, and a polar, aprotic compound.The isomerization is conducted at a temperature of 80.degree.-220.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for the silylation of unsaturated, naturally occurring oils or the interesterification products thereof, comprises reacting the unsaturated, naturally occurring oils or the interesterification products thereof, at a temperature of 200.degree.-350.degree.C. under inert gas, with silicon compounds of Formula I ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen or an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon residue of 2-6 carbon atoms,X is a hydrolyzable residue, andY and Z independently are one of the X groups, alkyl of 1-8 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 5-12 carbon atoms, or optionally substituted phenyl.

Abstract: A process for the isomerization of isolated double bonds to conjugated double bonds in optionally substituted cyclooctadienes using alkali metal or alkaline earth metal amides, if desired in the presence of a solvent, requires that the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal amide be produced with exclusion of moisture and under a protective gas atmosphere in the presence of the cyclooctadiene to be isomerized; and that the isomerization be conducted at temperatures of 70.degree.-200.degree. C.

Abstract: A homo- or copolymer of a 1,3-diene having reactive silyl groups bound thereto, and containing 0.4-12% by weight of bound silicon, prepared by reacting at a temperature of 150.degree.-300.degree. C., a 1,3-diene homo- or copolymer, having less than 1% of its aliphatic double bonds conjugated and having a molecular weight (M.sub.n) of 400-8,000, with a silicon compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon residue of 2-20 carbon atoms,X is halogen, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkoxyalkoxy, C.sub.6-12 aryloxy, C.sub.1-8 alkanoyloxy, C.sub.1-6 ketoximato or C.sub.1-8 hydrocarbylamido,Y and Z independently are one of the X groups, hydrogen, alkyl of 1-8 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 5-12 carbon atoms, or optionally substituted phenyl.

Abstract: A homo- or copolymer of a 1,3-diene bound to reactive silyl groups, whereby it contains 0.4-12% by weight of bound silicon, is prepared by reacting, at a temperature of 190.degree.-300.degree. C., a 1,3-diene homo- or copolymer, with more than 1% of its aliphatic double bonds in conjugation and having a molecular weight (Mn) of 400-6,000, with a silane of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical of 2-20 carbon atoms,X is halogen, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkoxyalkoxy, C.sub.6-12 aryloxy, C.sub.1-8 alkanoyloxy, C.sub.1-6 ketoximato or C.sub.1-10 hydrocarbylamido, andY and Z are independently one of the X groups, hydrogen, alkyl of 1-8 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 5-12 carbon atoms, or optionally substituted phenyl.

Abstract: A process for preparing a reaction product of a conjugated diolefin and an aromatic hydrocarbon comprises contacting these reactants with a catalyst comprising(1) a phosphorous modified cobalt compound comprising a cobalt compound which is soluble in the aromatic hydrocarbon and a phosphorous compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.17, R.sup.18 and R.sup.19 each, independently, is C.sub.1-14 -alkyl, C.sub.2-14 -alkenyl or C.sub.6-14 -aryl(2) a halogen-containing organoaluminum compound; and(3) a modifier of the formula ##STR2## wherein X is chlorine, bromine, or iodine, andR.sub.1 through R.sup.

Abstract: Low molecular weight polybutadiene, polyisoprene and other hydrocarbon polymers having a high vinyl and a low 1,4-trans-double bond content, which are useful in varnishes and impregnating compositions, are produced employing as catalyst system (a) a cobalt compound; (b) a halogen-containing organoaluminum compound; and (c) an organic phosphite of the formula PR.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are alkoxy, alkenyloxy or monocyclic aryloxy; and optionally (d) an H-acidic compound, e.g., water.

Abstract: High molecular weight polybutadiene, polyisoprene and other hydrocarbon polymers having a high vinyl and a low 1,4-trans-double bond content, which are useful in the manufacture of tire treads and carcasses, are produced employing as catalyst system (a) a cobalt compound; (b) a halogen-containing organoaluminum compound; and (c) a tris-(aryl) phosphite of the formula P--(OR.sub.1), (--OR.sub.2),--OR.sub.3 wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are monocyclic halogenated aryl, or diaryl, naphthyl, anthracenyl or phenanthryl or the corresponding halogenated and/or alkylated polycyclic aryl; and optionally (d) an H-acidic compound, e.g., water.