Abstract: An arrangement working according to the laser radar principle comprises a pulsed laser range finder (LEM) for scanning a given field of view and for the pictorial presentation of the course of a perceived obstacle for the pilot on a display, whereby a respective array of semiconductor laser diodes or, respectively, of receiving detectors is provided as a transmitter and as a receiver of the laser range finder and the scanning of the field of view occurs with a mesh network-like pattern. As a result of these measures, the expense for the individual components of the arrangement is minimized and a simple, compact structure is achieved. The arrangement is suitable for obstacle warning for aircraft, particularly for low-flying helicopters.

Abstract: A method and apparatus detects and identifies targets using a laser and operating in accordance with Doppler radar techniques. A laser sensor comprises a laser transmitter and an optical superheterodyne receiver and detects characteristic surface vibrations of targets and derives, from the laser echo signals, after frequency conversion and demodulation, low frequency oscillations having the frequencies of the vibration spectrum, from which, through comparison with patterns of known targets, provides detection and identification of the target.

Abstract: Apparatus for combining an optical and laser system as, for example, in weapons systems where sighting an observation is to be employed and wherein the optical channel may be a sighting device such as a periscope and wherein the laser may comprise a laser transmitter for telemetry or for the purposes of Identification Friend or Foe. The transparent optical system transmits light wave energy and also includes the emission range of the laser transmitter. There are problems of mounting the two systems due to space limitations and in the present invention the output of the laser radiation into the optical system is accomplished by the use of optical fiber bundles which extend from the laser transmitter to the optical system.