Abstract: A continuous measurement of the level of contents in a container is effected by a level measuring device functioning in accordance with the transit time principle by means of waves transmitted from a position located above the highest possible contents level onto the surface of the material in the container. A measuring circuit determines the contents level from the transit time of the useful echo reflected from the material surface. In addition, one or more limit sensors are located at the container, each of which furnishes a signal indicating whether the contents level is above or below a level to be monitored by the limit sensor and which is situated between the minimum and maximum contents levels of the container. The measuring circuit receives the output signals of all limit sensors and uses these output signals to check and eventually to correct the contents level measured value determined by the level measuring device.

Abstract: The method of the invention determines and/or monitors a physical or chemical process parameter of a liquid or solid medium. The invention provides measurements which represent a physical or chemical parameter, are taken. A measurement approximately constant over a predetermined time interval is used for recognizing a malfunction of a measuring device, especially for recognizing accretions on the sensor side thereof or cumulatively, a measurement approximately constant over a predetermined time interval is used for recognizing a malfunction of the electronics of the measuring device. Also alternatively or cumulatively, a measurement approximately constant over a predetermined time interval is used for recognizing a process-side change and/or a malfunction caused by the process.

Abstract: A continuous measurement of the level of contents in a container is effected by a level measuring device functioning in accordance with the transit time principle by means of waves transmitted from a position located above the highest possible contents level onto the surface of the material in the container. A measuring circuit determines the contents level from the transit time of the useful echo reflected from the material surface. In addition, one or more limit sensors are located at the container, each of which furnishes a signal indicating whether the contents level is above or below a level to be monitored by the limit sensor and which is situated between the minimum and maximum contents levels of the container. The measuring circuit receives the output signals of all limit sensors and uses these output signals to check and eventually to correct the contents level measured value determined by the level measuring device.

Abstract: A continuous measurement of the level of contents in a container is effected by a level measuring device functionong in accordance with the transit time principle by means of waves transmitted from a position located above the highest possible contents level onto the surface of the material in the container. A measuring circuit determines the contents level from the transit time of the useful echo reflected from the material surface. In addition, one or more limit sensors are located at the container, each of which furnishes a signal indicating whether the contents level is above or below a level to be monitored by the limit sensor and which is situated between the minimum and maximum contents levels of the container. The measuring circuit receives the output signals of all limit sensors and uses these output signals to check and eventually to correct the contents level measured value determined by the level measuring device.

Abstract: A description is given of a measuring instrument to be connected to a higher-order unit having at least a first and an identical second pair of terminals, which can be connected electrically, very simply and without errors, to the higher-order unit, the measuring instrument comprising: a first pair of lines, to be connected to the first pair of terminals, via which a signal current flows during operation, the signal current being a measure of an instantaneous measured value, and a second pair of lines, to be connected to the second pair of terminals, via which a supply current flows during operation, whose value is greater than or equal to a minimum signal current and less than or equal to a maximum signal current.

Abstract: A description is given of a measuring instrument to be connected to a higher-order unit (57, 75) having at least a first and an identical second pair of terminals, which can be connected electrically, very simply and without errors, to the higher-order unit, the measuring instrument (61) comprising: a first pair of lines (1), to be connected to the first pair of terminals, via which a signal current flows during operation, the signal current being a measure of an instantaneous measured value, and a second pair of lines (3), to be connected to the second pair of terminals, via which a supply current flows during operation, whose value is greater than or equal to a minimum signal current and less than or equal to a maximum signal current.

Abstract: A continuous measurement of the level of contents in a container is effected by a level measuring device functionong in accordance with the transit time principle by means of waves transmitted from a position located above the highest possible contents level onto the surface of the material in the container. A measuring circuit determines the contents level from the transit time of the useful echo reflected from the material surface. In addition, one or more limit sensors are located at the container, each of which furnishes a signal indicating whether the contents level is above or below a level to be monitored by the limit sensor and which is situated between the minimum and maximum contents levels of the container. The measuring circuit receives the output signals of all limit sensors and uses these output signals to check and eventually to correct the contents level measured value determined by the level measuring device.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for determining the filling level of a filling material in a container having a signal production unit which produces measurement signals, having at least one antenna which transmits the measurement signals in the direction of the surface of the filling material and which receives the measurement signals reflected on the surface of the filling material, and having a control/evaluation unit which uses the delay time of the measurement signals to determine the filling level of the filling material in the container. The apparatus allows a filling level measurement device, which operates on the delay-time principle, to be mounted on a container in a cost-effective and simple manner.

Abstract: A continuous measurement of the level of contents in a container is effected by a level measuring device functioning in accordance with the transit time principle by means of waves transmitted from a position located above the highest possible contents level onto the surface of the material in the container. A measuring circuit determines the contents level from the transit time of the useful echo reflected from the material surface. In addition, one or more limit sensors are located at the container, each of which furnishes a signal indicating whether the contents level is above or below a level to be monitored by the limit sensor and which is situated between the minimum and maximum contents levels of the container. The measuring circuit receives the output signals of all limit sensors and uses these output signals to check and eventually to correct the contents level measured value determined by the level measuring device.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for determining the filling level of a filling material (2) in a container (4) having a signal production unit which produces measurement signals, having at least one antenna (7) which transmits the measurement signals in the direction of the surface (3) of the filling material (2) and which receives the measurement signals reflected on the surface (3) of the filling material (2), and having a control/evaluation unit which uses the delay time of the measurement signals to determine the filling level of the filling material (2) in the container (4).

Abstract: A continuous measurement of the level of contents in a container is effected by a level measuring device functionong in accordance with the transit time principle by means of waves transmitted from a position located above the highest possible contents level onto the surface of the material in the container. A measuring circuit determines the contents level from the transit time of the useful echo reflected from the material surface. In addition, one or more limit sensors are located at the container, each of which furnishes a signal indicating whether the contents level is above or below a level to be monitored by the limit sensor and which is situated between the minimum and maximum contents levels of the container. The measuring circuit receives the output signals of all limit sensors and uses these output signals to check and eventually to correct the contents level measured value determined by the level measuring device.

Abstract: For measuring the level of a material in a container on the basis of the radar principle, microwaves are radiated downwards and reflected microwaves received by means of the antenna of a ranging device arranged above the highest level anticipated. In the normal measuring operation the received microwaves are evaluated in the distance range up to empty distance corresponding to the distance of the antenna from the bottom of the container for determining the echo waves reflected from the surface of the material, for measuring the transit time of the echo waves and for computing the distance of the material surface from the antenna of the ranging device from the measured transit time.