Abstract: A growth-inhibited hydroxyapatite is contained in agglomerates of prestructured collagen templates, wherein the prestructured collagen templates are denatured or broken up so that fibrillogenesis of the prestructured collagen templates is inhibited. Epitactic hydroxyapatite crystallites with a crystallite size below a critical nucleus radius are formed on the prestructured collagen templates.

Abstract: The invention relates to growth-inhibited hydroxyapatite for improving bone healing. It differs from the apatites employed to date in that it releases calcium ions and phosphate ions in physiological solutions, which, unlike traditional hydroxyapatites, it does not bind. It thereby promotes bone regeneration and bone growth. The growth-inhibited hydroxyapatite contains in agglomerates of prestructured collagen templates on which hydroxyapatite crystals with a crystallite growth of below its critical nucleus radius are formed epitactically. It is prepared by the steps a) mineralization of prestructured collagen templates in supersaturated Ca- and phosphate-ion-containing solutions, where the prestructured collagen templates are capable of diffusion and/or migration, so that HAP crystallites grow epitactically on the collagen templates and the collagen templates grown together with HAP crystallites agglomerate due to their capability of diffusion and/or migration, b) separating off the agglomerates.

Abstract: The invention relates to growth-inhibited hydroxyapatite for improving bone healing. It differs from the apatites employed to date in that it releases calcium ions and phosphate ions in physiological solutions, which, unlike traditional hydroxyapatites, it does not bind. It thereby promotes bone regeneration and bone growth. The growth-inhibited hydroxyapatite contains in agglomerates of prestructured collagen templates on which hydroxyapatite crystals with a crystallite growth of below its critical nucleus radius are formed epitactically. It is prepared by the steps a) mineralization of prestructured collagen templates in supersaturated Ca- and phosphate-ion-containing solutions, where the prestructured collagen templates are capable of diffusion and/or migration, so that HAP crystallites grow epitactically on the collagen templates and the collagen templates grown together with HAP crystallites agglomerate due to their capability of diffusion and/or migration, b) separating off the agglomerates.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device and a method for the detection and amplification of a primary signal, utilizing an intracellular communication system, and the use thereof for the detection of substances such as phosphorus, sulfur, nitrogen, hormones, metabolic intermediates, fermentation products, and so forth. The device according to the invention for the detection and amplification of a primary signal contains cells of a first type for which a gene, which is responsible for the synthesis of a signal molecule, is under the control of a promoter which is regulated by the primary signal, and cells of a second type for which a specific gene is under the control of a promoter which is regulated by the separated signal molecule, in such a way that the secretion of the signal molecule is induced by a primary signal taken up by a cell of the first type, and the primary signal is amplified by the cells of the second type by the expression of the specific gene under the control of the signal molecule.

Abstract: A composite structure, for marking biomolecules in a biological, biochemical or medicinal system, comprises: at least one nano particle and at least one dendritic macromolecule, which has an inner region with branched, especially perfectly branched to highly branched, structures and a periphery, which comprises surface groups of the dendritic macromolecule, wherein a plurality, especially more than 50%, of the surface groups have in the periphery of the dendritic macromolecule, in each case, at least one functional group of first type, wherein the functional group of first type comprises at least one monosaccharide-, oligosaccharide- and/or polysaccharide unit, and wherein the dendritic macromolecule stabilizes the nano particle.

Abstract: The invention relates to devices and methods for detecting a substance by cell surface polarizations and the detection thereof by means of PPR or particle-mediated fluorescence. The device for detecting a substance by cell surface polarization according to the invention has cells, wherein a gene the expression of which leads to the polarized presentation of a protein on the surface of the cell is placed under the control of a promotor which can be regulated by the substance to be detected, nanoparticles which are functionalized with a molecule which can bind specifically to the surface-exposed protein, and at least one optical measurement device, such that an accumulation of the nanoparticles on the surface of the cells can be detected by particle plasmon resonance or particle-mediated fluorescence.

Abstract: The invention relates to whole-cell sensors for monitoring bioavailable nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphur, individually or in at least one combination in a medium, and to the use thereof. The whole-cell sensors consist of genetically modified yeast cells which are immobilised in a xerogel matrix and contain at least one marker gene controlled by a promoter of a gene, the transcription of said gene being significantly increased or reduced in the absence of nitrogen, phosphorus or sulphur, and the yeast cells are at least coupled to a signal detector.

Abstract: A scaffold for tissue culture and cell culture and for producing implant materials, in particular bone, cartilage or skin replacements or extra-corporal organ replacements or for other applications in medicine or biotechnology is made of biocompatible materials. It has at least one base material which is electrostatically flocked with fibers on at least one side. Through the electrostatic flocking the fibers are arranged almost perpendicularly on the surface of the base material and exhibits a high fiber pull-out resistance. The scaffold provides an elastic growth lattice, which is stable against compression, for cell colonization in vitro or the ingrowth of cells in vivo. Implants or implant materials can be produced with the scaffold.

Abstract: In a method for detection of microorganisms and/or their activity with biosensors, on a surface of a substrate over portions thereof at least one ligand for binding a receptor or at least one receptor for a ligand or at least one ligand for binding a receptor and at least one receptor for either the one or a further ligand are immobilized chemically, physically, or biologically, wherein physical or physicochemical changes, caused at receptors by binding of ligands that are emitted by microorganisms in the process of quorum sensing are measured.

Abstract: A substrate with spatially selective metal coating is produced by first applying biological templates onto parts of the surface of the substrate and applying a metal coating only once the biological templates have been deposited on the substrate. The biological templates are for example surface layer proteins (S-layer) and the metal coating is a noble metal coating. The substrates with spatially selective metal coating are used in catalysts or solid-state electrolyte sensors.

Abstract: A calcium phosphate bone cement setting to a calcium-deficient hydroxyl apatite is modified by an organic phosphate ester of orthophosphoric acid or a salt of an organic phosphate ester. The base cement contains preferably tricalcium phosphate, dicalcium phosphate (anhydrous), calcium carbonate and precipitated hydroxyl apatite. The organic phosphate ester is added to the base cement in an amount of 0.5 to 5 percent by weight. The bone cement can be modified further by adding mineralized collagen I.

Abstract: A scaffold for tissue culture and cell culture and for producing implant materials, in particular bone, cartilage or skin replacements or extra-corporal organ replacements or for other applications in medicine or biotechnology is made of biocompatible materials. It has at least one base material which is electrostatically flocked with fibers on at least one side. Through the electrostatic flocking the fibers are arranged almost perpendicularly on the surface of the base material and exhibits a high fiber pull-out resistance. The scaffold provides an elastic growth lattice, which is stable against compression, for cell colonization in vitro or the ingrowth of cells in vivo. Implants or implant materials can be produced with the scaffold.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel method for generating nucleation centers for the selective heterogeneous metal cluster growth on DNA molecules by employing metal complexes which are being bonded covalently to the bases of the DNA. The nucleation centers serve as preferred locations of chemical deposition of metals on the DNA from a solution so that clusters or thin metal films can be grown on the biological template without metallic deposition products being formed homogeneously in the solution. The method provides the possibility of controlling the metallization via the sequence of the employed DNA and is thus in principle sequence-specific.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of mineralized collagen fibrils, where the fibril formation and mineralization take place in one process step, and to the use thereof as bone substitute material. The collagen is natural collagen.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of mineralized collagen fibrils, where the fibril formation and mineralization take place in one process step, and to the use thereof as bone substitute material. The collagen is recombinant collagen.

Abstract: A pulsed laser deposition (PLD) process is used for forming a functional metal, ceramic, or ceramic/metal layer on an inner wall of a hollow body. Simultaneously with the deposition process, a thin-film laser treatment is carried out, whereby a laser beam impinges on the coating layer as it is being formed to achieve a rapid heating followed by a rapid cooling and solidification of the deposited coating layer. In this context, the energy and material flux densities are prescribed and controlled as a function of the spacing of the condensation region from the substrate surface. Laser pulses having an energy of 1 to 2 Joules and a pulse repetition rate of 10 to 50 Hz are used. The pulse duration as well as the residual gas atmosphere in the vacuum deposition chamber are controlled so that the generated plasma flux forms the desired layered grain structure, namely a glassy amorphous structure, a columnar structure, or a polycrystalline structure.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for producing a gradient coating of calcium phosphat phases and metal oxide phases on metallic implants, in particular made of titanium or titanium alloys, for use as dental, jaw or joint implants. A solution containing calcium ions and phosphate ions is used as electrolyte of which the pH is slightly acidic to approximately neutral. The substrate electrodes are alternately polarized cathodically and anodically. The layer deposited in a gratuated manner is adherent, has a fine structure and is distinguished by a high degree of biocompatibility.