Abstract: Use of dithiophosphinic acids of the general formula HS2P(R1)(R2) and/or salts thereof for producing chrome-free, polymer-containing corrosion control layers on metallic surfaces, R1 and R2 independently of one another each being organic radicals having 1 to 30 C atoms.

Abstract: Use of dithiophosphinic acids of the general formula HS2P(R1)(R2) and/or salts thereof for producing chrome-free, polymer-containing corrosion control layers on metallic surfaces, R1 and R2 independently of one another each being organic radicals having 1 to 30 C atoms.

Abstract: Provided is a process for producing a structured surface possessing a high level of hydrophilicity, wherein the process involves: coating a surface with a mixture to produce the structured surface, wherein the mixture includes: particles (a) having a number average particle diameter of from 0.1 ?m to 10 ?m; and particles (b) having a number average particle diameter of from 5 nm to 0.5 ?m and a 20° C. surface energy of greater than or equal to 80 mN/in, and wherein the mixture exhibits a bimodal particle diameter distribution of particles (a) and particles (b). The mixture may optionally include an aqueous liquor, an emulsifier, a binder, an adhesion promoter, a thickener, and/or a pigment. Also provided is a structured surface produced by the process. A non-limiting example of the structured surface produced by the process is a structured textile surface.

Abstract: Use of dithiophosphinic acids of the general formula HS2P(R1)(R2) and/or salts thereof for producing chrome-free, polymer-containing corrosion control layers on metallic surfaces, R1 and R2 independently of one another each being organic radicals having 1 to 30 C atoms.

Abstract: A process for producing structured surfaces possessing a high level of hydrophilicity comprises coating the surfaces with (a) particles having a number average diameter in the range from 0.1 to 10 ?m and (b) particles having a number average diameter in the range from 5 nm to 0.5 ?m and a 20° C. surface energy of not less than 100 mN/m.

Abstract: Hydrophilic composite material comprising components A and B, and optionally C, where A is a substance which readily swells with water, B is a substance which forms a porous structure or has a predetermined porous structure, and in whose pores A is present, and C is a binder.

Abstract: The present invention relates to wax formulations comprising a wax constituent a) plus at least one high molecular mass isobutene polymer b) in an amount of from 0.1 to 5 parts by weight per part by weight of constituent a).

Abstract: Hydrophilic composite material comprising components A and B, and optionally C, where A is a substance which readily swells with water, B is a substance which forms a porous structure or has a predetermined porous structure, and in whose pores A is present, and C is a binder.

Abstract: The present invention relates to particulate, linear, sheet-like, or three-dimensional structures which comprise, at least on their surface, a hydrophilicizing amount of at least one polymer which has urethane groups and/or urea groups, and also anionic groups.

Abstract: The present invention relates to wax formulations comprising a wax constituent a) plus at least one high molecular mass isobutene polymer b) in an amount of from 0.1 to 5 parts by weight per part by weight of constituent a).

Abstract: The present invention relates to particulate, linear, sheet-like, or three-dimensional structures which comprise, at least on their surface, a hydrophilicizing amount of at least one polymer which has urethane groups and/or urea groups, and also ammonium groups. The ammonium groups are obtained by quaternizing or neutralizing tertiary amino groups, preferably with carbonic acid.

Abstract: Disulfides of the general formulaX.sup.1 --(CH.sub.2).sub.n --S--S--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --X.sup.2where X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 are identical to one another and are each --Br, --N-phthalimide, --NH.sub.2, --OOC--(CH.sub.2).sub.3 --COOH, --OSO.sub.2 --CH.sub.3, --NH--(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --NH.sub.2, --SO.sub.3 H or --SO.sub.3.sup.- M.sup.+ in which M.sup.+ is an alkali metal ion and n is from 11 to 25, or X.sup.1 is --OH and X.sup.2 is --Br or X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 are each --COO--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.3 and n is from 10 to 25, are suitable for the production of monomolecular layers on noble metal substrates and for the production of multimolecular layers.

Abstract: In a miniaturizable, capacitively measuring chemical semiconductor-based sensor system consisting of a sensor and a reference element which are to be brought into contact with the electrolyte to be measured, the reference element being connected in series with the sensor, the reference element consists of a highly doped semiconductor substrate or metal/semiconductor substrate which is covered with a membrane, and the sensor consists of an insulator/semiconductor substrate which is coated with a sensitive membrane, and the sensitive membrane of the sensor is more sensitive than that of the reference element.The sensor and the reference element of this sensor system may either be applied to one and the same chip or consist of individual components which are readily interchangeable with one another.

Abstract: A chemical sensor consists of(a) a solid substrate,(b) a layer (D) which is applied to the substrate and contains one or more fluorescent compounds and(c) a layer (A) which is applied to the layer (D) and contains one or more coupling components (K) which, as a result of reacting with the analyte, give rise to one or more specific absorption bands, some or all of which overlap in the spectrum with the emission of the fluorescent compound of layer (D).

Abstract: Thin protective polyimide layers are produced on ceramic or high temperature superconductors by applying polyimide solutions, polyamic acids or starting substances therefor to the superconductor surface and imidating or drying in an oxygen atmosphere.

Abstract: Ultrathin thermostable bismaleimide films are produced by converting Langmuir-Blodgett layers of ionic precursors based on bismaleamide.

Abstract: A high-sensitivity surface wave gas sensor in which the interaction of a surface wave field with a solid film suitable for adsorbing the gas to be determined causes a change in the frequency of an oscillating circuit containing a surface wave delay line as a function of the type and concentration of the gas entails the delay line provided for adsorption of the gas being completely coated with the solid film, and the dimensions of the delay lines being such that the length of the surface wave transformer is greater than that of the delay line.

Abstract: Novel (meth)acrylate copolymers which contain, as polymerized units,A) one or more (meth)acrylates and/or (meth)acrylamides having second order nonlinear optical properties and of the general formula I ##STR1## where R is hydrogen or methyl, X is a flexible spacer, which may or may not be present, Y is a divalent group having electron donor activity and Z is a noncentrosymmetric radical containing an easily polarizable conjugated .pi.-electron system and one or more electron acceptor groups, andB) one or more (meth)acrylates of alkanols where the alkyl radical is of 10 to 30 carbon atomsin a molar ratio of (A) to (B) of from 1:0.5 to 1:5 are very suitable as nonlinear optical materials for nonlinear optical arrangements and for the production of Langmuir-Blodgett films.

Abstract: The novel compounds of the general formula I ##STR1## where X is straight-chain or branched alkanediyl having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms orX is straight-chain or branched alkanediyl having from 2 to 20 carbon atoms, whose carbon chain is interrupted by --O--, --S-- and/or --NR--,R is hydrogen, straight-chain or branched alkyl having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms or cycloalkyl, andY is a non-centrosymmetric radical containing an easily polarized conjugated .pi.-electron system and at least one terminal electron-acceptor group,having nonlinear optical properties, are highly suitable as nonlinear optical materials for nonlinear optical arrangements and for the preparation of polymers having nonlinear optical properties. In particular, they can be used to prepare organopolysiloxanes having nonlinear optical properties and containing side groups of the general formula Ia ##STR2## in which the variables are as defined above.

Abstract: Information stored in a thin polymer layer is read out in a process wherein information introduced into a thin polymer layer on a metallic or semiconductor layer by electromagnetic or particle rays which produce a permanent change in the properties of the polymer layer in the irradiated areas is read out using surface plasmons.