Abstract: The invention relates to transparent planar material (1) for architectural purposes, having several coatings (2, 2?, 3). Said coating system is selective on wavelength having a high transmission in the visible spectral range and high reflection in the infrared spectral range. The mentioned coatings are metal coatings (3) and metal-oxide coatings (2, 2?).

Abstract: A blind for a window has a winding rod and a hanging wound onto the winding rod. Two belts on opposed sides of the hanging are supported on four end rollers arranged in pairs. A drive is connected to a first end roller or to an additional drive roller and drives the belts in a circulating movement. The winding rod rotates synchronously with the circulating belts. A leading end of the hanging is attached laterally to the belts. A device for compensating a reduction of a circumference of the hanging on the winding rod during gradual unwinding from the winding rod is provided. A circumference of the first roller or of the additional drive roller is smaller than a circumference of the hanging when wound completely onto the winding rod and is greater than a circumference of the hanging when completely unwound from the winding rod.

Abstract: An electrochemical element with thin electrodes in a housing formed from plastic sheets connected to one another. At least one of the plastic sheets is metallized in subareas on the side facing one of the electrodes. The metal layer forms an electrical contact with the electrode and forms an outer contact lug of the electrode. The plastic sheet may be a composite sheet with an inner metal sheet covered by a plastic sheet on both sides, and the metallization of the plastic sheet in the area outside the cell outline may be in the form of conductor tracks. In particular, the housing is formed from two plastic sheets which are sealed to one another and metallized on their side which points into the cell interior such that the metallization forms the electrical contact with the electrodes and forms the outer contact lugs of the electrodes and/or of the electrochemical element.

Abstract: An apparatus for coating a substrate with a material vapor in negative pressure includes a material vapor source for releasing a material vapor and an ionization device having a cold cathode and a cold anode for producing an arc discharge between anode and cathode for ionizing the material vapor to form a plasma. A first power supply is provided for the ionization device and a second power supply is provided for the material vapor source.

Abstract: A method for the manufacture of a light wave guide providing a cladding and a light conducting core, from a glass tube, showing a material on or below its inner surface which forms the core of the finished light wave guide comprising at least one substance which is diffused out selectively of this material, forming the core subsequently, into the interior space of the glass tube, whereby during the diffusing-out process the partial pressure of the diffusing-out substance in the interior space of the glass tube is maintained as small as possible, whereby a premature collapsing of the glass tube during the diffusion process is prevented by adjusting an overpressure in the glass tube, that the glass tube after the diffusing out process is largely collapsed by rinsing with a rinsing gas and in a last collapsing step is completely collapsed to a rod (perform) without rinsing with a rinsing gas and that the rod is subsequently drawn out to a fiber.

Abstract: Planar single-mode optical waveguides which can conduct light with defined polarisation have so far been embedded in, for example, a cladding made from crystalline LiNbO.sub.3. The crystalline structure of the cladding produces disadvantageous properties such as the fact that the birefringence depends on the geometric profile of the guide, relatively high optical loss, poor fibre coupling, birefringence rigidly fixed by material constants, and a costly manufacturing process. The new process results in an optical waveguide in which both the cladding and the actual guide itself are made of glass with a certain composition, thereby avoiding the disadvantages stated. With the help of a non-isothermal plasma CVD process a light-guiding core region (1) is surrounded on a substrate (4) by cladding layers (2, 2') and a cladding region (3, 3'), the thermal coefficient of longitudinal expansion of the cladding region (3, 3') differing markedly from that of the two homogeneous cladding layers (2, 2').

Abstract: A planar lightwave guide with light-conducting core zones in light conducting strips is made by the precipitation out of a gaseous phase onto a substrate a thin, glass-like strata in accordance with a programmed schedule so as to allow a predetermined refractive index curve to be obtained to thereby form a light-conducting core zone and protective sheathing layers adjacent to the core zone. The improvement in the method is characterized in that the precipitation out of the gaseous phase is obtained by application of a heterogeneous reaction and in that after the formation of the light-conducting strips, the refractive index of the core-forming strata is modified in a targeted manner in a lateral marginal region of the strips by diffusing out the doping substance which determines the refractive index curve in the core zones. Subsequently these strips and the substrate are coated with a covering layer of a material having a lower refractive index than that of the core zone material.

Abstract: A method of making a planar lightwave-guide with light-conducting core zones by precipitation out of a gaseous phase a thin, glass-like strata onto a substrate in accordance with a controlled schedule so as to allow a predetermined refractive index curve to be obtained to thereby form a light-conducting core zone and sheathing layer adjacent to the core zone. The improvement is characterized in that the precipitation out of the gaseous phase is obtained by application of a heterogeneous reaction and in that initially a first layer with a doping medium which decreases the refractive index is applied to the substrate and thereafter a masking layer is applied on top of the first layer to act as a diffusion barrier with respect to the doping medium. The masking layer is structured by conventional masking technology in accordance with a desired strip or band pattern.