Abstract: For the biotechnological production of isomaltulose and compositions containing isomaltulose from saccharose the invention provides improved means, particularly a sucrose mutase with improved product specificity as well as microbial cells containing the improved sucrose mutase.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and means for the bioengineered fermentative production of solvents, in particular of butanol, acetone and ethanol, and of short-chained carboxylic acids such as acetic acid and butyric acid, in particular in host cells of the species Clostridium. The invention provides new methods and means for regulating the expression of the enzyme activities involved in acid production and or solvent production of the host cell.

Abstract: A process for the recovery of betaine from a molasses comprises a conversion step, in which the molasses is subjected to the action of an enzyme having endo-inulinase activity and/or fructosyltransferase activity, to form a fructan-containing molasses (fructan-molasses); a separation step, in which the fructan-molasses is subjected to a chromatographic separation, thereby obtaining a betaine-containing fraction.

Abstract: For the biotechnological production of isomaltulose and compositions containing isomaltulose from saccharose the invention provides improved means, particularly a sucrose mutase with improved product specificity as well as microbial cells containing the improved sucrose mutase.

Abstract: The invention relates to the biotechnological production of isomaltulose and isomaltulose-containing compositions and improved means, therefore particularly microbial cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a trehalulose-containing composition, its preparation and use.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and means for the bioengineered fermentative production of solvents, in particular of butanol, acetone and ethanol, and of short-chained carboxylic acids such as acetic acid and butyric acid, in particular in host cells of the species Clostridium. The invention provides new methods and means for regulating the expression of the enzyme activities involved in acid production and or solvent production of the host cell.

Abstract: A sensor plaster (116) for the transcutaneous measurement of an organ function, more particularly of a kidney function, is proposed. The sensor plaster (116) comprises at least one flexible carrier element (134) having at least one adhesive surface (138) which can be stuck onto a body surface. Furthermore, the sensor plaster (116) comprises at least one radiation source, more particularly a light source (142), wherein the radiation source is designed to irradiate the body surface with at least one interrogation light (162). Furthermore, the sensor plaster (116) comprises at least one detector (146) designed to detect at least one response light (176) incident from the direction of the body surface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a trehalulose-containing composition, its preparation and use.

Abstract: The invention concerns color-marked oligosaccharides or polysaccharides, procedures for the synthesis of these color-marked oligosaccharides or polysaccharides and their use in the determination of kidney function.

Abstract: The invention relates to butyric acid esters or butyrate esters of carbohydrates and carbohydrate polyols and their use as a butyrate carrier and butyrate source for the gastrointestinal tract, in particular for the prevention and treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, especially of the large intestine.

Abstract: The novel tripeptides Ac-D-2Nal-D-4ClPhe-D-3Pal-OH and Boc-D-2Nal-D-4ClPhe-D-3Pal-OH are intermediates useful in the synthesis of LHRH analogs by coupling with suitable heptapeptides, in particular with the heptapeptides P1-Ser(P2)-NMeTyr(P3)-D-Lys(Nic)-Leu-Lys(iPr, P4)-Pro-D-AlaNH2 and P1-Ser(P2)-NMeTyr(P3)-D-Asn-Leu-Lys(iPr, P4)-Pro-D-AlaNH2.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing mixtures selectively enriched with either 1,1-GPM and 1,6-GPS from hydrogenated isomaltulose. The process involves dissolving hydrogenated isomaltulose at an elevated temperature, and subjecting the resulting solution to one or more cooling steps, wherein each cooling step utilizes a predetermined cooling rate over a predetermined temperature range.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a sweetener, in which sucrose is converted enzymatically into a saccharide mixture which is called "isomerized sucrose" and has a disaccharide content of more than 85% by weight, then non-isomerized remaining sucrose is removed from the latter by enzymatic and/or H.sup.+ ion-catalyzed cleavage, and this product is catalytically hydrogenated. Preferably either before or after the catalytic hydrogenation, the resulting mixture is subjected to a chromatographic separation. The sweeteners prepared by this process contain either a mixture of 10 to 50% by weight of 6-O-.alpha.-D-glucopyranosyl-D-sorbitol; 2 to 20% by weight of 1-O-.alpha.-D-glucopyranosyl-D-sorbitol; and 30 to 70% by weight of 1-O-.alpha.-D-glucopyranosyl-D-mannitol or of 5 to 10% by weight of 6-O-.alpha.-D-glucopyranosyl-D-sorbitol; 30 to 40% by weight of 1-O-.alpha.-D-glucopyranosyl-D-sorbitol; and 45 to 60% by weight of 1-O-.alpha.-D-glucopyranosyl-D-mannitol.

Abstract: Given a programmable logic array, all product terms of the product matrix are applied to a prescribable potential by way of a first control signal so that the following sum matrix is no longer influenced by the input variables. Additional transfer elements are controllable by a second control signal, the additional transfer elements being assigned to additional terminal connecting points between the sum terms of the sum matrix. Depending upon the execution and employment of the logic array, the two control signals can be independent of one another, identical to one another, or inverted relative to one another.