Abstract: A method of and apparatus for constructing a user profile using a content tag, a method of recommending digital content by using a user profile including a tag included in the digital content and a preference value for the tag. According to the methods and apparatus, a user profile is generated by using a content tag, and thus the taste of the user according to digital content consumption can be expressed in more varied ways. Also, by suggesting a method of generating a tag from web content, construction of a user profile for digital content having no tag is enabled. Furthermore, a tag extracted from digital content used by a user is included in a profile and it can be used for a variety of purposes, such as expansion of a comparison scope, use of preference keywords, providing of content links, and expansion of search scope.

Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus and a method for determining whether or not a biosensor comprising two working electrodes and one reference electrode is well manufactured, and for rapidly and accurately quantifying a specific substance contained in a biological sample. The method comprises the steps of: sequentially supplying the respective working electrodes with power supply voltage; sequentially detecting the amounts of current flowing in the respective working electrodes by virtue of the supplied power supply voltage; re-supplying the two working electrodes with power supply voltage after a predetermined time to redetect the amounts of current flowing in the respective working electrodes; reading concentrations corresponding to the amounts of current detected from a memory, and calculating an average value from the read concentrations; and checking whether or not the concentrations read from memory are within a predetermined critical range to display an error message or the calculated average value.

Abstract: A method and portable apparatus for settling a transaction are provided, in which the portable apparatus may be used as a card substitute payment device for settling a transaction. Information to conduct a settlement may be stored in the portable apparatus. The portable apparatus may be, for example, a portable phone or a PDA. A transaction inquiry machine may read or receive the information from the portable apparatus, similar to that of a card reader reading a magnetic card, and transmit the information to a VAN company server or a card company server, to then request for an approval to settle the transaction.

Abstract: An optical payment transceiver and an optical settlement system using the same uses a personal portable terminal incorporated with an optical transceiver as a card substitute payment unit for settlement. Here, card information is incorporated in a personal portable terminal incorporated with an optical transceiver such as a portable phone or a PDA and the optical transceiver is connected to a card inquiry machine to thereby optically transmit and receive card information. The card inquiry machine recognizes the received card information in the same manner as that of the card reader reading a magnetic card, and transmits the card information to a VAN company server or a card company server, to then request for an approval and settle transactions.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for constructing a user profile using a content tag, a method of recommending digital content by using a user profile including a tag included in the digital content and a preference value for the tag. According to the methods and apparatus, a user profile is generated by using a content tag, and thus the taste of the user according to digital content consumption can be expressed in more varied ways. Also, by suggesting a method of generating a tag from web content, construction of a user profile for digital content having no tag is enabled. Furthermore, a tag extracted from digital content used by a user is included in a profile and it can be used for a variety of purposes, such as expansion of a comparison scope, use of preference keywords, providing of content links, and expansion of search scope.

Abstract: A method, an apparatus, and a system to provide content using content preference information of users, and a computer readable medium to store a computer readable program to execute the content providing method. The method comprises searching the content preference information to identify one of the users that is likely to prefer the content; and transmitting the content to the selected user.

Abstract: A method and apparatus that generates an electronic content guide using received metadata associated with content provided from a plurality of servers and which has different formats. The received metadata is collected, the formats of the collected metadata are converted into a same format, and an electronic content guide is generated using the metadata having the same format.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to perform a handover of a mobile terminal that is receiving data, wherein before the handover is performed, the mobile terminal receiving data from a host provides information about a new network to the host by using a quick-start (QS) request message. Accordingly, the host recognizes that a packet loss caused by the handover is not caused by network congestion, and sets the size of a congestion window based on the information on the new network. Accordingly, waste of bandwidth can be reduced compared to that of a conventional slow-start algorithm.

Abstract: A quality of service (QoS) securing apparatus and method using a communication protocol is provided. The QoS securing method is performed by a reception side that is receiving data from a transmission side. The method includes generating information about a changed communication environment according to a change in a communication environment of the reception side, and transmitting the information to the transmission side. An exchange of information about a communication environment using the communication protocol between the reception side and the transmission side can inform the transmission side about resources of the reception side, link characteristics, characteristics of a link on a transmission path, etc., thereby securing a QoS of data communication between the reception side and the transmission side.

Abstract: A fast handover method and apparatus for a mobile node between sub-networks by using a predictive algorithm includes: identifying a sub-network which is likely to be connected to a mobile node; requesting detection of whether an address of the mobile node which is to be used in the sub-network is already used in the sub-network; and selectively requesting performance of a binding update of the mobile node based on a response to the request. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent or reduce handover delay caused by the duplicate address detection.

Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus and a method for determining whether or not a biosensor comprising two working electrodes and one reference electrode is well manufactured, and for rapidly and accurately quantifying a specific substance contained in a biological sample. The method comprises the steps of: sequentially supplying the respective working electrodes with power supply voltage; sequentially detecting the amounts of current flowing in the respective working electrodes by virtue of the supplied power supply voltage; re-supplying the two working electrodes with power supply voltage after a predetermined time to redetect the amounts of current flowing in the respective working electrodes; reading concentrations corresponding to the amounts of current detected from a memory, and calculating an average value from the read concentrations; and checking whether or not the concentrations read from memory are within a predetermined critical range to display an error message or the calculated average value.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a novel functional diamine compound having a dendron structure, polyamic acid which is produced using functional diamine, aromatic cyclic diamine, aliphatic cyclic acid dianhydride, and aromatic cyclic acid dianhydride, polyimide which is produced by imidizing polyamic acid, and an LC alignment film produced using polyimide. Even if the diamine compound is used in a small amount, it is possible to realize a high pretilt angle, thus the pretilt angle is easily controlled. Therefore, it can be used to produce an LC alignment film using a twisted nematic (TN) mode, in which the pretilt angle of liquid crystal is low, and a vertically aligned (VA) mode, which requires a high pretilt angle of about 90°.

Abstract: Provided are wireless communication methods and apparatus. The communication method for a mobile station in which multiple interfaces complying with different communication standards are loaded includes obtaining an address that can be used for communication through every one of multiple interfaces based on information regarding a predetermined interface among the multiple interfaces; and performing communication through one of the multiple interfaces using the obtained address. The mobile station has no need to generate an IP address for each of the multiple stations.

Abstract: An apparatus, method, and medium for connection to a link layer and a network layer of a wireless LAN. The link/network layer access method may include transmitting a request message requesting information for connecting a mobile node and the network layer of a wireless LAN before connection of the mobile node and the link layer of the wireless LAN is completed, and completing connection to the network layer by using information included in a response message, transmitted in response to the transmitted request message. Accordingly, by concurrently processing the process for connecting to the link layer and to the network layer of the wireless LAN, a high speed handover in the wireless LAN can be achieved.

Abstract: A pad structure for a semiconductor package is provided by forming solder lands at predetermined locations on a printed circuit board. First circular pad portions are formed protruding laterally from upper surfaces of the solder lands. Second circular pad portions are formed protruding laterally from other lateral sides of the pads. The leads are secured to the pads of the semiconductor package so that, when the first and second circular pad portions are pushed laterally, the circular pad portions do not contact each other, thereby preventing short circuits.

Abstract: A pad structure for semiconductor package. A printed circuit board with solder lands formed on predetermined locations are provided. First circular pad portions are formed protruding laterally on upper surfaces of the solder lands. Second circular pad portions are formed protruding laterally from other lateral sides of the pads. The leads are secured to the pads of the semiconductor package so that when the first and second circular pad portions are pushed laterally, the circular pad portions do not contact each other, preventing short circuits.

Abstract: A pad structure for semiconductor package. A printed circuit board with solder lands formed on predetermined locations are provided. First circular pad portions are formed protruding laterally on upper surfaces of the solder lands. Second circular pad portions are formed protruding laterally from other lateral sides of the pads. The leads are secured to the pads of the semiconductor package so that when the first and second circular pad portions are pushed laterally, the circular pad portions do not contact each other, preventing short circuits.

Abstract: An optical payment transceiver and an optical settlement system using the same uses a personal portable terminal incorporated with an optical transceiver as a card substitute payment unit for settlement. Here, card information is incorporated in a personal portable terminal incorporated with an optical transceiver such as a portable phone or a PDA and the optical transceiver is connected to a card inquiry machine to thereby optically transmit and receive card information. The card inquiry machine recognizes the received card information in the same manner as that of the card reader reading a magnetic card, and transmits the card information to a VAN company server or a card company server, to then request for an approval and settle transactions.

Abstract: A pressurized water supply system for a dental unit-chair comprising a water purifier purifying or sterilizing water from a water supply source, and supplying the water to which a given pressure is applied to a medical instrument instrument. A pressurized water supply device for a dental unit-chair includes a case, an inflow tube provided to the case and connected to a water supply source, a pump installed within the case and connected to the inflow tube to jet out the water from the water supply source under a given pressure, a water purifier provided to the case in multi-stage and removing various alien substances, chemical substances, heavy metals, ions, germs, etc. from the water supplied from the pump, and A pressurized water supply tube provided to the case, connected with the water purifier, and connected to a medical instrument installed on the dental unit-chair, thus providing the compressed water thereto.