Abstract: Disclosed is an electrolyte for a lithium metal secondary battery and a lithium metal secondary battery including the same. An electrolyte system is intended to maintain the energy density of a secondary battery based on a lithium metal negative electrode and to extend the life of a battery. Particularly, an electrolyte for a lithium metal battery which forms a stable SEI film capable of inhibiting formation and extension of lithium dendrite so that the negative electrode of a lithium metal battery having a high possibility of battery ignition may be stabilized and an internal short-circuit may be prevented, and a lithium metal secondary battery including the same is provided.

Abstract: A polyethyleneimine-attached carbonaceous material for a separator for a secondary battery. The carbonaceous material for coating a separator for a secondary battery adsorbs lithium polysulfides (LiPS) to inhibit a shuttling reaction between an anode and a cathode, caused by the dissolution of lithium polysulfides in electrolyte, and increases recyclability of lithium polysulfides, resulting in improvement of life characteristics and rate characteristics of a battery.

Abstract: Functionalized metal oxide nanoparticles which are lithium-terminated sulfonated metal oxide nanoparticles. According to the anode to which lithium-terminated sulfonated metal oxide nanoparticles are introduced as a protective layer, negatively charged sulfonate groups may cause electrostatic repulsion of lithium polysulfides and limit access of lithium polysulfides to a lithium metal anode while reducing the interfacial resistance by lithium fixed to sulfonate groups, inhibit growth of dendrites at a lithium metal anode and perforation of a separator, and the protective layer serves as an artificial solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer positioned on the surface of lithium metal and reducing the impedance to charge transfer reaction, thereby increasing the Coulomb efficiency of a lithium-sulfur battery. Thus, it is possible to improve the electrochemical characteristics, such as charge/discharge capacity, life and rate characteristics.

Abstract: Provided is a lithium metal anode comprising a Langmuir-Blodgett films as an artificial solid electrolyte interface layer, a lithium metal battery comprising the same, and a preparation method thereof. Various ultra-thin film layers made of carbon and ceramic are formed on the surface of the LiM to serve as a stable artificial SEI layer and suppress formation and perforation of lithium dendrite and side reactions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing nanoparticles by using laser and more particularly, a method for preparing nanoparticles by irradiating a laser beam to the mixture of a source material gas and a hexafluoride (SF6) catalyst gas, thereby improving the production yield of nanoparticles with energy saved. More particularly, the present invention provides the method for preparing the nanoparticles by using the laser wherein the laser beam of wavelength having the excellent energy absorption by the mixture gas of source material gas and catalyst gas is irradiated to the mixture gas so as to increase the reactivity of the source material gas with energy saved, which brings the effects of solving the problems of damaging environment due to the unreacted toxic source material gas incurred by the low production yield of the conventional nanoparticle preparation method and of making system complicated with the high cost when the discarded source gas is recovered and reused.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a nanoparticle preparation device using laser, and more particularly, the nanoparticle preparation device using the laser wherein the nanoparticles prepared by irradiating the laser beam to the source material gas within the reaction chamber are recovered without being oxidized by blocking the air or moisture within the glove box in which the nitrogen atmosphere is maintained, and thus the nanoparticles are efficiently collected without oxidation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing vegetable products, which effectively sterilizes fungi, yeast, pathogenic bacteria, spores of a sporogenic microorganism, etc. growing in raw vegetables and cooked vegetables, using a non-heat-treated ultra-high pressure sterilization process.

Abstract: A chip mountable on a customer replaceable unit monitoring memory (CRUM) unit used in an image forming job includes a central processing unit (CPU) with an operating system (OS) thereof, which is separate from an OS of the image forming apparatus, to perform at least one of authentication and cryptographic data communication with a main body of an image forming apparatus by executing one cryptographic algorithm corresponding to a set state from among a plurality of pre-provided cryptographic algorithms, using the OS thereof. The security of a unit on which the chip is mounted can thereby be reinforced and random changes of data of the unit can be prevented.

Abstract: A preparation method of a hollow carbon sphere includes preparing a hollow carbon sphere including fine pores by using mold particles and a material including metal-phthalocyanine. The prepared hollow carbon sphere has a carbon shell surface including fine pores, and the hollow carbon sphere may be impregnated with sulfur to prepare a carbon shell-sulfur composite and may be utilized as an anode material of a lithium-sulfur secondary battery. The carbon-sulfur composite material may improve extremely low electrical conductivity of sulfur, confine sulfur and lithium polysulfide originated from sulfur in the carbon shell in which fine pores are distributed to prevent lithium polysulfide having an extended chain structure from being dissolved in an electrolyte, minimize a shuttle reaction, reduce an overcharge amount between charging and discharging, and improve performance of a secondary battery.

Abstract: A developer of an image-forming apparatus includes a photoconductor, a housing comprising a waste toner container in which waste toner removed from the photoconductor is contained, and a recessed portion depressed downwardly in a center portion of an upper wall of the waste toner container, the center portion corresponding to a center portion of the photoconductor in a lengthwise direction to move toner away from the center portion.

Abstract: A chip mountable on a customer replaceable unit monitoring memory (CRUM) unit used in an image forming job includes a central processing unit (CPU) with its own operating system (OS), which operates separately from an OS of the image forming apparatus, to perform authentication communication with a main body of the image forming apparatus using the OS of the CPU. The security of a unit on which the chip is mounted can thereby be reinforced and random changes of data of the unit can be prevented.

Abstract: A developer of an image-forming apparatus includes a photoconductor, a housing comprising a waste toner container in which waste toner removed from the photoconductor is contained, and a recessed portion depressed downwardly in a center portion of an upper wall of the waste toner container, the center portion corresponding to a center portion of the photoconductor in a lengthwise direction to move toner away from the center portion.

Abstract: A chip mountable on a customer replaceable unit monitoring memory (CRUM) unit used in an image forming job includes a central processing unit (CPU) with an operating system (OS) thereof, which is separate from an OS of the image forming apparatus, to perform at least one of authentication and cryptographic data communication with a main body of an image forming apparatus by executing one cryptographic algorithm corresponding to a set state from among a plurality of pre-provided cryptographic algorithms, using the OS thereof. The security of a unit on which the chip is mounted can thereby be reinforced and random changes of data of the unit can be prevented.

Abstract: A chip mountable on a replaceable unit used in an image forming job is disclosed. The chip includes a central processing unit (CPU) to perform at least one of authentication and cryptographic data communication with a main body of the image forming apparatus using an operating system (OS) of the CPU which operates separately from an OS of the image forming apparatus. With the use of such a configuration, security for a unit in which the chip is mounted can thereby be reinforced.

Abstract: A chip mountable on a customer replaceable unit monitoring memory (CRUM) unit used in an image forming job includes a central processing unit (CPU) with an operating system (OS) thereof, which is separate from an OS of the image forming apparatus, to perform at least one of authentication and cryptographic data communication with a main body of an image forming apparatus by executing one cryptographic algorithm corresponding to a set state from among a plurality of pre-provided cryptographic algorithms, using the OS thereof. The security of a unit on which the chip is mounted can thereby be reinforced and random changes of data of the unit can be prevented.

Abstract: A chip mountable on a customer replaceable unit monitory (CRUM) unit used in an image forming job includes a central processing unit (CPU) to perform cryptographic data communication with a main body of an image forming apparatus, using an operating system (OS) of the CPU. The security of a unit on which the chip is mounted can thereby be reinforced and random changes of data of the unit can be prevented.

Abstract: A chip mountable on a customer replaceable unit monitory (CRUM) unit used in an image forming job includes a central processing unit (CPU) to perform cryptographic data communication with a main body of an image forming apparatus, using an operating system (OS) of the CPU. The security of a unit on which the chip is mounted can thereby be reinforced and random changes of data of the unit can be prevented.

Abstract: A chip mountable on a customer replaceable unit monitoring memory (CRUM) unit used in an image forming job includes a central processing unit (CPU) with its own operating system (OS), which operates separately from an OS of the image forming apparatus, to perform authentication communication with a main body of the image forming apparatus using the OS of the CPU. The security of a unit on which the chip is mounted can thereby be reinforced and random changes of data of the unit can be prevented.

Abstract: A chip mountable on a replaceable unit used in an image forming job is disclosed. The chip includes a central processing unit (CPU) to perform at least one of authentication and cryptographic data communication with a main body of the image forming apparatus using an operating system (OS) of the CPU which operates separately from an OS of the image forming apparatus. With the use of such a configuration, security for a unit in which the chip is mounted can thereby be reinforced.

Abstract: A developer of an image-forming apparatus includes a photoconductor, a housing comprising a waste toner container in which waste toner removed from the photoconductor is contained, and a recessed portion depressed downwardly in a center portion of an upper wall of the waste toner container, the center portion corresponding to a center portion of the photoconductor in a lengthwise direction to move toner away from the center portion.