Abstract: Battery modules and manufacturing methods of battery modules are disclosed. In one embodiment, a battery module includes a battery cell including an electrode assembly including electrodes, an exterior material surrounding the electrode assembly, and at least one protruding part disposed on a lower surface of the exterior material, a base plate comprising a cell mounting part and at least one recessed part arranged at a portion of the cell mounting part, the cell mounting part is structured to mount the battery cell to the battery module, and a heat transfer member disposed between the at least one recessed part and the at least one protruding part.

Abstract: A bolt for a battery includes a head in which at least a portion of a socket is formed, a threaded body including a threaded area in which a spiral thread is formed, and a reinforcing neck connected between the head and the threaded body and having a diameter increasing in a direction from the threaded body toward the head.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for a battery module. A battery module includes a module housing configured to hold a cell stack comprising a plurality of battery cells. A busbar assembly having an electrically conductive busbar is configured for electrical connection to electrode leads of the battery cells. The busbar assembly includes a gas outlet configured for discharging gas generated within the plurality of battery cells in a direction away from the cell stack, and the module housing includes a venting member configured to vent the gas discharged from the gas outlet to an outside of the module housing.

Abstract: A nucleic acid molecule comprising a stem-loop structure, a nucleic acid complex comprising the nucleic acid molecule, a composition for delivering a target recognition sequence, and the composition comprising the nucleic acid complex. An artificial small ribonucleic acid of the stem-loop structure stably maintains single-strandedness of a target recognition sequence which interacts with a nucleic acid of interest for a gene of interest of a prokaryote, thereby providing a nucleic acid complex for effective silencing of the gene of interest.

Abstract: A nucleic acid molecule comprising a stem-loop structure, a nucleic acid complex comprising the nucleic acid molecule, a composition for delivering a target recognition sequence, and the composition comprising the nucleic acid complex. An artificial small ribonucleic acid of the stem-loop structure stably maintains single-strandedness of a target recognition sequence which interacts with a nucleic acid of interest for a gene of interest of a prokaryote, thereby providing a nucleic acid complex for effective silencing of the gene of interest.