Abstract: Provided herein may be an electronic device and a method of operating the same. The electronic device may include a memory device, and a controller configured to receive an inbound protocol information unit (PIU) from an external device and control the memory device based on the inbound PIU, wherein the inbound PIU includes a basic header segment including information about an extra header segment (EHS) length, and an extra header segment defined by the EHS length, and wherein the controller is configured to generate an error message depending on whether the PIU includes an error related to the extra header segment.

Abstract: A data coding device may include a raw data storage configured to store raw data of which the total number of bits is 2N, a previous data storage configured to store previous data output before the raw data, a counter configured to count the number of reference data bits included in the raw data, and a data output circuit configured to invert and output the raw data according to a comparison result with the previous data when the number of reference data bits included in the raw data is N, and invert and output the raw data according to the number of reference data bits included in the raw data when the number of reference data bits included in the raw data is not N.

Abstract: A data coding device may include a raw data storage configured to store raw data of which the total number of bits is 2N, a previous data storage configured to store previous data output before the raw data, a counter configured to count the number of reference data bits included in the raw data, and a data output circuit configured to invert and output the raw data according to a comparison result with the previous data when the number of reference data bits included in the raw data is N, and invert and output the raw data according to the number of reference data bits included in the raw data when the number of reference data bits included in the raw data is not N.

Abstract: The present technology relates to an electronic device. According to the present technology, a storage device includes a plurality of nonvolatile memory devices, a buffer memory configured to temporarily store data provided by the memory devices, and a controller including a descriptor queue storing a plurality of descriptors, wherein the controller controls the memory devices to perform a read operation corresponding to a first descriptor among the plurality of descriptors, performs a first status check operation of checking whether read data read through the read operation is stored in the buffer memory, and determines, based on a result of the first status check operation, read data to be output to an external device from among the read data read through the read operation.

Abstract: A method for information configuration in power mode change for an interconnection protocol, a controller, and a storage device. The method can be used in a first device capable of linking to a second device according to the interconnection protocol. The method includes: while a hardware protocol engine of the first device for implementing a protocol layer of the interconnection protocol performs power mode change according to the protocol layer, generating a configuration indication signal to trigger a piece of firmware of the first device for performing information configuration for a physical layer of the interconnection protocol; in response to the configuration indication signal, performing the information configuration for the physical layer by the piece of firmware; and upon completion of the information configuration for the physical layer, informing, by the piece of firmware, the hardware protocol engine of the completion of the information configuration.

Abstract: A controller includes: a host interface providing a host with reception ready signals corresponding to a threshold value in response to a program command; and a processor performing a training operation to determine an optimal value for the threshold value, wherein the processor includes: an outstanding ready-to-transfer (RTT) value selector selecting one value in a range from a minimum value to a maximum value as the threshold value; a time measurer providing the host with the reception ready signals that are selected corresponding to the threshold value and measuring a reception time of data corresponding to each of the selected reception ready signals; a normalizer normalizing the reception times to generate normalized times that are measured for values ranging from the minimum value to the maximum value; and an optimal outstanding RTT value determiner determining the threshold value corresponding to a minimum normalization time as the optimal value.

Abstract: A method for information configuration in power mode change for an interconnection protocol, a controller, and a storage device. The method can be used in a first device capable of linking to a second device according to the interconnection protocol. The method includes: while a hardware protocol engine of the first device for implementing a protocol layer of the interconnection protocol performs power mode change according to the protocol layer, generating a configuration indication signal to trigger a piece of firmware of the first device for performing information configuration for a physical layer of the interconnection protocol; in response to the configuration indication signal, performing the information configuration for the physical layer by the piece of firmware; and upon completion of the information configuration for the physical layer, informing, by the piece of firmware, the hardware protocol engine of the completion of the information configuration.

Abstract: A controller includes: a host interface providing a host with reception ready signals corresponding to a threshold value in response to a program command; and a processor performing a training operation to determine an optimal value for the threshold value, wherein the processor includes: an outstanding ready-to-transfer (RTT) value selector selecting one value in a range from a minimum value to a maximum value as the threshold value; a time measurer providing the host with the reception ready signals that are selected corresponding to the threshold value and measuring a reception time of data corresponding to each of the selected reception ready signals; a normalizer normalizing the reception times to generate normalized times that are measured for values ranging from the minimum value to the maximum value; and an optimal outstanding RTT value determiner determining the threshold value corresponding to a minimum normalization time as the optimal value.