Abstract: A hierarchical fault classification method for a fuel cell system, a multi-stage fault diagnosis method therefor, and a fault diagnosis device therefor are disclosed. The fuel cell system is divided into a subsystem, a component, and an element step by step. The multi-stage fault diagnosis method includes detecting a subsystem, a fault of which occurs, in the fuel cell system composed of a plurality of subsystems and detecting an upper-level component, which causes the fault, among upper-level components included in the subsystem, the fault of which occurs, using measurement data and a control signal.

Abstract: The present disclosure is related to a method to control sizes of core-shell nanoparticles comprising the steps of: manufacturing slurry by irradiating ultrasonic waves to a dispersion solution containing a reducing solvent, a carbon support, a transition metal precursor and a precious metal precursor; manufacturing a solid by filtering the manufactured slurry, followed by washing and drying; and manufacturing a nanoparticle of a transition metal core and a platinum shell by heat-treating the dried solid at a temperature of 450 to 900° C. and a pressure of 1 to 90 bar for 0.5 to 10 hours under N2 atmosphere.

Abstract: Provided is a method for manufacturing a membrane-electrode assembly. The method includes forming an electrode layer, preparing a porous support layer, and positioning the electrode layer on each of both surfaces of the porous support layer and hot-pressing the electrode layer positioned on the both surfaces. The forming of the electrode layer incudes forming a functional layer including a hydrogen ion conductive binder resin on at least a portion of an electrode catalyst layer, and forming an electrolyte layer on at least a portion of the functional layer. The preparing of the porous support layer includes performing a pretreatment process by impregnating the porous support layer with a pretreatment composition, and the performing of the pretreatment process includes dipping the porous support layer in a first pretreatment composition and then drying the porous support layer, and dipping the porous support layer after drying in a second pretreatment composition.

Abstract: Provided is a display apparatus including a substrate, a plurality of light emitting device (LED) elements arranged in front of the substrate, a transmission layer formed on a front surface of the substrate to entirely cover the plurality of LED elements, a first polarization member arranged in front of the transmission layer, and a second polarization member arranged on a front surface of the first polarization member and allowing external light to be incident thereon, wherein the transmission layer is provided such that polarization of external light polarized through the second polarization member and the first polarization member is maintained in a course of the polarized external light passing through the transmission layer, being reflected by the front surface of the substrate or the plurality of LED elements and being directed to the first polarization member.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for manufacturing core-shell particles using carbon monoxide, and more particularly, to a method for manufacturing core-shell particles, the method of which a simple and fast one-pot reaction enables particle manufacturing to reduce process costs, facilitate scale-up, change various types of core and shell metals, and form a multi-layered shell by including the steps of adsorbing carbon monoxide on a transition metal for a core, and reacting carbon monoxide adsorbed on the surface of the transition metal for the core, a metal precursor for a shell, and a solvent to form particles with a core-shell structure having a reduced metal shell layer formed on a transition metal core.

Abstract: A block copolymer, an ion-exchange membrane including the block copolymer and a method of preparing the block copolymer are provided. The block copolymer may include a hydrophobic repeating unit and a hydrophilic repeating unit.

Abstract: Described herein are methods for reducing or maintaining the size of a tumor in a subject, where the method involves exposing the tumor to ionizing radiation and administering to the subject a modified hyaluronan or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester. The use of the modified hyaluronan enhances or potentiates the effect of ionizing radiation used in cancer treatment. Additionally, the methods described herein prevent or reduces tumor regrowth in the subject after exposing the tumor to ionizing radiation and administration of the modified hyaluronan to the subject.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fuel cell filter including a body including therein an internal space in which a fluid flows, an inlet port provided in the body and configured to receive a fluid discharged from a fuel cell stack, a gas-water separating membrane disposed in the internal space and configured to block a liquid fluid included in a fluid absorbed in the inlet port from flowing upwards, a discharge port provided in the body and configured to externally discharge the liquid fluid blocked in the gas-water separating membrane, a water absorbent disposed in the internal space and configured to absorb water included in a gaseous fluid passing through the gas-water separating membrane, and a gas outlet port provided in the body and configured to externally discharge gas separated in the gas-water separating membrane.

Abstract: Described herein are methods for preventing a serious health consequence and/or tissue damage in a subject after the subject has been exposed to ionizing radiation and/or chemotherapy. The methods involve administering to the subject a sulfated polysaccharide or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof after the subject has been exposed to ionizing radiation and/or chemotherapy. The methods described herein are most beneficial to cancer patients who suffer from mucositis after exposure to ionizing radiation.

Abstract: The present disclosure is related to a method to control sizes of core-shell nanoparticles comprising the steps of: manufacturing slurry by irradiating ultrasonic waves to a dispersion solution containing a reducing solvent, a carbon support, a transition metal precursor and a precious metal precursor; manufacturing a solid by filtering the manufactured slurry, followed by washing and drying; and manufacturing a nanoparticle of a transition metal core and a platinum shell by heat-treating the dried solid at a temperature of 450 to 900° C. and a pressure of 1 to 90 bar for 0.5 to 10 hours under N2 atmosphere.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a membrane-electrode assembly, a membrane-electrode assembly, and a fuel cell. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a membrane-electrode assembly, a membrane-electrode assembly, and a fuel cell, the method comprising: preparing an electrode layer; preparing a porous support layer; and positioning the electrode layer on each of both surfaces of the porous support layer, and hot pressing the electrode layer positioned on both surfaces of the porous support layer, wherein the preparing of the electrode layer comprises: forming a functional layer including a hydrogen ion conductive binder resin on at least a portion on an electrode catalyst layer; and forming an electrolyte layer on at least a portion on the functional layer.

Abstract: A hierarchical fault classification method for a fuel cell system, a multi-stage fault diagnosis method therefor, and a fault diagnosis device therefor are disclosed. The fuel cell system is divided into a subsystem, a component, and an element step by step. The multi-stage fault diagnosis method includes detecting a subsystem, a fault of which occurs, in the fuel cell system composed of a plurality of subsystems and detecting an upper-level component, which causes the fault, among upper-level components included in the subsystem, the fault of which occurs, using measurement data and a control signal.

Abstract: Disclosed is a resolver, which includes a stator having at least one excitation coil and at least one output coil, and a rotor disposed at a center space in the stator with a predetermined gap from the stator, the rotor rotating based on a rotary shaft to change a gap permeance with respect to the stator, wherein an area ratio (Ar/As) between the stator and the rotor satisfies Equation 1 below to prevent magnetic saturation of the resolver, improve measurement precision and reduce manufacture costs without increasing a size or weight of the resolver: 0.22?Ar/As?0.37??Equation 1 where As represents a sectional area of the stator, and Ar represents a sectional area of the rotor.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for manufacturing a continuous reactor type core-shell catalyst electrode, which may manufacture a large amount of continuous reactor type core-shell catalyst electrodes by improving coating efficiency of shell metal by using reaction chambers disposed in a circular shape or in a line are provided. The apparatus for manufacturing a continuous reactor type core-shell catalyst electrode includes: a main body; reaction chambers which are disposed plurally in a circular shape inside the main body, store reaction solution inside thereof, are equipped with a movable member and counter electrodes, and are coupled with a reference electrode to a lateral portion thereof; a palladium sheet which is moved by the movable member and immersed in the reaction solution as the movable member moves downward; a power supply which applies a voltage to the electrodes.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method and an apparatus for manufacturing a core-shell catalyst, and more particularly, to a method and an apparatus for manufacturing a core-shell catalyst, in which a particle in the form of a core-shell in which the metal nanoparticle is coated with platinum is manufactured by substituting copper and platinum through a method of manufacturing a metal nanoparticle by emitting a laser beam to a metal ingot, and providing a particular electric potential value, and as a result, it is possible to continuously produce nanoscale uniform core-shell catalysts in large quantities.

Abstract: Provided is a display apparatus including a substrate, a plurality of light emitting device (LED) elements arranged in front of the substrate, a transmission layer formed on a front surface of the substrate to entirely cover the plurality of LED elements, a first polarization member arranged in front of the transmission layer, and a second polarization member arranged on a front surface of the first polarization member and allowing external light to be incident thereon, wherein the transmission layer is provided such that polarization of external light polarized through the second polarization member and the first polarization member is maintained in a course of the polarized external light passing through the transmission layer, being reflected by the front surface of the substrate or the plurality of LED elements and being directed to the first polarization member.

Abstract: The present disclosure is related to a method for preparing a gaseous- or liquid-nitridation treated core-shell catalyst and, more specifically, to a method for preparing a gaseous- or liquid-nitridation treated core-shell catalyst comprising steps of: nitridation-treating a transition metal precursor core and noble metal precursor shell particles in the presence of a gaseous nitrogen source; or forming a transition metal precursor core and noble metal precursor shell particles, by means of a liquid nitrogen source, and at the same time allowing the nitrogen source to bond with the transition metal precursor and thus allowing nitridation treatment. Therefore, the present disclosure allows a high nitrogen content in the core and thus enables a prepared catalyst to have excellent durability, a small average particle size and high degree of dispersion and uniformity, and thus to be suitable for the fuel cell field.

Abstract: A block copolymer, an ion-exchange membrane including the block copolymer and a method of preparing the block copolymer are provided. The block copolymer may include a hydrophobic repeating unit and a hydrophilic repeating unit.

Abstract: To provide a reactor to improve evenness in the thickness of shell metals coated on the surface of core particles by increasing area sizes in the reactor chamber to control electric potentials, the present invention is configured to comprise a top surface able to move up and down while serving as a working electrode, a wall serving as a working electrode, a bottom surface, a standard electrode, a power supplying part and a solution injecting part, wherein the top surface can move up and down automatically by an electric motor or manually. Also, the top surface is configured to be suitable for the interior diameter of the reactor chamber, for solutions inside the reactor chamber not to leak from the top surface or from the crevice between the top surface and the wall of the reactor chamber. The bottom surface of the reactor chamber may comprise an impeller or an ultrasonic wave diffuser to bring about even diffusion in the reactor chamber.

Abstract: A block copolymer, an ion-exchange membrane including the block copolymer and a method of preparing the block copolymer are provided. The block copolymer may include a hydrophobic repeating unit and a hydrophilic repeating unit.