Abstract: Provided are a rod inserter for fixing a pedicle screw. The rod inserter for fixing a pedicle screw, the rod inserter including a rotational support unit having a length corresponding to a radius of lordosis formed by lumbar of vertebrae of a subject person and of which a lower end is fixed and a rotational insertion unit having a length corresponding to the radius and having one end rotatably coupled to an upper end of the rotational support unit and the other end to which an arc-shaped rod is detachably coupled. Thus, the arc-shaped rods having lengths shapes different from each other according to the number of screws respectively fixed to the vertebrae of the subject person is coupled as one device to perform the operation.

Abstract: An X-ray imaging method and an apparatus having an improved structure configured to reduce pain and discomfort during a procedure. The X-ray imaging apparatus acquires an X-ray image by compressing an object that is irradiated by an X-ray source. An X-ray detector includes an object contact material that contacts the object. X-rays that pass through the object are detected X-rays, an electrical signal is generated based on the X-rays. A paddle is disposed between the X-ray source and the X-ray detector to be vertically adjustable relative to the X-ray source and X-ray detector so as to compress the object placed on the object contact surface. The paddle includes a supporting member, a pressure member coupled to the supporting member, and at least one adjustment member arranged between the supporting member and the pressure member to regulate movement of the pressure member according to the shape of the object.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing a stable fluid mixture by mixing hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances using ultrasound wherein homogeneous dispersion and mixing are possible so that dispersibility is greatly improved and separation between the hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances is minimized even after a long time.

Abstract: A storage device includes a nonvolatile memory device including memory blocks and a controller configured to control the nonvolatile memory device. Each of the memory blocks includes a plurality of cell strings each including at least one selection transistor and a plurality of memory cells stacked on a substrate in a direction perpendicular to the substrate. The controller controls the nonvolatile memory device to perform a read operation on some of selection transistors of a selected one of the memory blocks and to perform a program operation on the selection transistors of the selected memory block according to a result of the read operation.

Abstract: Disclosed is a carbon support for a fuel cell catalyst that supports a metal. The carbon support includes a conductive carbon support and nitrogen atoms doped into the conductive carbon support. Also disclosed is a method for preparing the carbon support. Also disclosed is a catalyst including the carbon support. The catalyst has greatly improved degradation resistance compared to conventional catalysts for fuel cells. In addition, the catalyst is not substantially degraded even when applied to a single cell.

Abstract: Provided are a perfluorinated sulfonic acid polymer membrane having a porous surface layer, which includes a surface layer and a bottom layer present at the bottom of the surface layer, wherein the surface layer is a porous layer, and the bottom layer is non-porous dense layer, and a method for preparing the same through a solvent evaporation process.

Abstract: Semiconductor device packages and methods of manufacturing the semiconductor device packages are provided. A semiconductor device package may include a bonding layer between a substrate and a semiconductor chip, and the bonding layer may include an intermetallic compound. The intermetallic compound may be a compound of metal and solder material. The intermetallic compound may include Ag3Sn. A method of manufacturing the semiconductor device package may include forming a bonding layer, which bonds a semiconductor chip to a substrate, by using a mixed paste including metal particles and a solder material. The bonding layer may be formed by forming an intermetallic compound, which is formed by heating the mixed paste to react the metal particles with the solder material.

Abstract: A user control device may include a manipulation panel which receives an external force or input from a manipulating input or device, a frame that is spaced apart from the manipulation panel and having an accommodating unit accommodating the manipulation panel, and a sensing unit disposed in the accommodating unit to sense a movement of the manipulation panel. The manipulation panel may be three-dimensionally movable according to a movement of the manipulating input or device. Related medical apparatuses may also be controlled using the user control device.

Abstract: A backplane for a flat panel display apparatus, includes: a thin film transistor (TFT) on a substrate and including an active layer, a gate electrode, a source electrode, and a drain electrode; a light-blocking layer between the substrate and the TFT; a first insulating layer between the light-blocking layer and the TFT; a capacitor including a first electrode on the same plane as the light-blocking layer, and a second electrode on the first electrode, wherein the first insulating layer is between the first electrode and the second electrode; and a pixel electrode on the same plane as the light-blocking layer.

Abstract: Power electronics devices having thermal stress reduction elements are disclosed. A power electronics device includes a heat source having a heat source perimeter, a first conduction member coupled to the heat source, and a substrate coupled to the first conduction member. The first conduction member includes a support portion that extends to at least the heat source perimeter and a plurality of finger portions extending from the support portion and separated from one another by web regions, where the plurality of finger portions have a finger thickness that is greater than a web thickness of the web regions.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an intervertebral tensional artificial disc replacement, insertable between adjacent vertebrae, which includes an inferior plate engaging with a lower vertebra and providing elastic force to an upper vertebra, and a superior plate seated on an upper portion of the inferior plate to engage with the upper vertebra, the superior plate being rotatable right and left within a certain angular range depending on rotation of the upper vertebra. Since the adjacent vertebrae are supported by elastic force, it is possible to prevent abrasion due to frequent friction between upper and lower bodies of the artificial disc replacement. In addition, the intervertebral artificial disc replacement can engage well with a spine and move well by locating the central axis of motion of the intervertebral artificial disc replacement at a rearward position, similar to the central axis of the body's spinal motion.

Abstract: The present invention provides a power manufacturing apparatus capable of preventing particle growth when fine powder is formed through a fluid, the apparatus comprising: a molten steel providing part for providing molten steel; and a cooling fluid spraying part which is arranged at a lower part of the molten steel providing part and sprays a cooling fluid on the molten steel in order to pulverize the molten steel provided by the molten steel providing part, wherein the cooling fluid spraying part forms a first flow for cooling the molten steel so as to pulverize the molten steel and a second flow for forming a descending air current in the molten steel.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a controller configured to control reproduction of content, a communication circuitry configured to request a server for broadcast channel information related to content being reproduced, and a display configured to display broadcast content related to the content being reproduced, based on the broadcast channel information received from the server.

Abstract: Provided is a method for preparing nickel-aluminum alloy powder at low temperature, which is simple and economical and is capable of solving the reactor corrosion problem. The method for preparing nickel-aluminum alloy powder at low temperature includes: preparing a powder mixture by mixing nickel powder and aluminum powder in a reactor and adding aluminum chloride into the reactor (S1); vacuumizing the inside of the reactor and sealing the reactor (S2); and preparing nickel-aluminum alloy powder by heat-treating the powder mixture in the sealed reactor at low temperature (S3).

Abstract: An organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display is disclosed. In one aspect, the OLED display includes a substrate and an active pattern formed over the substrate. The OLED display also includes first and second gate electrodes formed over the active pattern. The first gate electrode defines a first transistor together with the active pattern. The second gate electrode defines a second transistor and a third transistor together with the active pattern. The OLED display further includes a first conductive pattern formed over the first and second gate electrodes. The first conductive pattern overlaps at least a portion of the second and/or third transistors so as to define a parasitic capacitor.

Abstract: An organic light emitting diode display includes: a substrate; a substrate insulating layer on the substrate; a capacitor on the substrate insulating layer; a driving thin film transistor including a driving gate electrode connected to the capacitor; and an organic light emitting element connected to the driving thin film transistor, where the capacitor includes: a first capacitor electrode on the substrate insulating layer; a second capacitor electrode on the first capacitor electrode; a capacitor insulating layer between the first capacitor electrode and the second capacitor electrode and contacting the first capacitor electrode and the second capacitor electrode, the capacitor insulating layer having a higher dielectric constant than the substrate insulating layer; and an auxiliary electrode contacting at least one of the first capacitor electrode or the second capacitor electrode.

Abstract: A screen image encoding method includes: obtaining and storing one or more candidate blocks, which are spatially co-located with a current block, from images encoded prior to a current image; determining whether a reference block used to encode the current block exists in the stored one or more candidate blocks; and encoding at least one of index information indicating the reference block, prediction information used to encode the current block from the reference block, and information about the current block, based on a result of the determining.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting a radiation source includes a collimator configured to have an optical path for converging radiation formed therein, a radiation sensor provided at the end of the optical path and configured to measure the intensity of radiation incident on the optical path, a rotation driving unit connected to the collimator and configured to rotate the collimator up and down and left and right, movement means configured to move the collimator and the rotation driving unit along the surface of land, a position tracking unit provided within the collimator and configured to track a current position and to measure a distance moved by the movement means, and a radiation position information processing unit configured to obtain direction information and information about the distance to the radiation source based on a maximum intensity of radiation, measured by the radiation sensor, and the movement distance.

Abstract: Provided are organic luminescence display and method for manufacturing the same. According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an organic luminescence display comprising a substrate and a plurality of pixels disposed on the substrate. The pixels comprise a plurality of first pixels, each comprising a first organic light-emitting layer, and a plurality of second pixels which are smaller than the first pixels and each of which comprises a second organic light-emitting layer. The surface roughness of the second organic light-emitting layer is greater than the surface roughness of the first organic light-emitting layer.