Abstract: A display device includes: a plurality of pad electrodes disposed in a non-display area of a substrate of at least one display panel; a plurality of routing electrodes formed along a top surface, a lateral surface and a rear surface of a side portion of the substrate, respectively connected to the plurality of pad electrodes to transmit corresponding driving signals, and containing Ag paste; a conductive pattern surrounding the routing electrode; and a boost circuit that outputs an output voltage obtained by boosting a DC input voltage to the conductive pattern, wherein the output voltage has a higher potential than that of the driving signal.

Abstract: A display device includes: a plurality of pad electrodes disposed in a non-display area of a substrate of at least one display panel; a plurality of routing electrodes formed along a top surface, a lateral surface and a rear surface of a side portion of the substrate, respectively connected to the plurality of pad electrodes to transmit corresponding driving signals, and containing Ag paste; a conductive pattern surrounding the routing electrode; and a boost circuit that outputs an output voltage obtained by boosting a DC input voltage to the conductive pattern, wherein the output voltage has a higher potential than that of the driving signal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a mechanical meta-material based electromagnetic wave absorber, wherein a shape of the electromagnetic wave absorber is any one of a kelvin-foam, an octet-truss, a body-centered cubic lattice, a simple cubic triply minimal surface (SC-TPMS), and a cubic cellular core (CCC) and a honeycomb, a dielectric loss of the electromagnetic wave absorber is controlled by changing a strut diameter of a unit cell including at least one of carbon black, carbon nanotube, carbon fiber and graphene constituting the electromagnetic wave absorber.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a display device including a process key, and more particularly, to a process key with an improved recognition rate in a display device implementing a narrow bezel. The feature of the present disclosure is such that a process key is divided into and formed as a first key pattern made of a metal material and a second key pattern made of a black matrix material, and the process key is positioned in a green pixel area in which a green color filter pattern is provided among pixels positioned at outermost peripheries corresponding to four corners of an active area of a display panel such that a narrow bezel can be implemented and a recognition rate of the process key can also be improved. Consequently, the display panel can be accurately aligned with manufacturing equipment or other objects such that a process defect can be minimized and process efficiency cab also be improved.

Abstract: A selective catalytic reduction system includes a reducing agent injection module installed in an exhaust pipe through which an exhaust gas is discharged from an engine and configured to inject a reducing agent into the exhaust pipe, a temperature calculator configured to calculate a temperature of the reducing agent injection module using temperature-related information of the reducing agent injection module, and a temperature controller configured to control to increase a reducing agent injection amount of the reducing agent injection module when the calculated temperature.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a display device including a process key, and more particularly, to a process key with an improved recognition rate in a display device implementing a narrow bezel. The feature of the present disclosure is such that a process key is divided into and formed as a first key pattern made of a metal material and a second key pattern made of a black matrix material, and the process key is positioned in a green pixel area in which a green color filter pattern is provided among pixels positioned at outermost peripheries corresponding to four corners of an active area of a display panel such that a narrow bezel can be implemented and a recognition rate of the process key can also be improved. Consequently, the display panel can be accurately aligned with manufacturing equipment or other objects such that a process defect can be minimized and process efficiency cab also be improved.

Abstract: A method of enhancing transmittance of waves according to the invention comprises the following steps: (a) generating a plurality of waves each of which has random phase; (b) grouping randomly the plurality of waves into a first group and a second group; (c) introducing the waves onto a disordered medium by fixing phase of waves constituting the first group and varying phase of waves constituting the second group; (d) measuring intensity of the waves based on overlapped waves of the first group and the second group which penetrated the disordered medium according to the phase variation of waves constituting the second group; (e) obtaining phase having the maximum intensity according to the phase variation among intensities measured at the step (d); and (f) adjusting phase of the waves constituting the second group based on phase obtained at the step (e).

Abstract: A selective catalytic reduction system includes a reducing agent injection module installed in an exhaust pipe through which an exhaust gas is discharged from an engine and configured to inject a reducing agent into the exhaust pipe, a temperature calculator configured to calculate a temperature of the reducing agent injection module using temperature-related information of the reducing agent injection module, and a temperature controller configured to control to increase a reducing agent injection amount of the reducing agent injection module when the calculated temperature.

Abstract: A memory device includes a memory bank, a command control logic circuit, a row selection circuit, a refresh controller and a collision controller. The memory bank includes a plurality of memory blocks. The command control logic circuit decodes commands received from a memory controller to generate control signals. The command control logic receives an active command for an access operation during a refresh operation. The row selection circuit performs the access operation and the refresh operation with respect to the memory bank. The refresh controller controls the refresh operation. The collision controller generates a wait signal causing a delay of the access operation based on a result of a comparison of a row address associated with the access operation and a refresh address associated with the refresh operation.

Abstract: A method of enhancing transmittance of waves according to the invention comprises the following steps: (a) Generating a plurality of waves each of which has random phase; (b) grouping randomly the plurality of waves into a first group and a second group; (c) introducing the waves onto a disordered medium by fixing phase of waves constituting the first group and varying phase of waves constituting the second group; (d) measuring intensity of the waves based on overlapped waves of the first group and the second group which penetrated the disordered medium according to the phase variation of waves constituting the second group; (e) obtaining phase having the maximum intensity according to the phase variation among intensities measured at the step (d); and (f) adjusting phase of the waves constituting the second group based on phase obtained at the step (e).

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) device includes first and second substrates facing each other, each of the first and second substrates having a first substrate having a display region, a non-display region, and a seal pattern region disposed in the non-display region; a protection layer on the first substrate and having a first seal pattern groove in the seal pattern region; first and second dams on the second substrate and respectively disposed at both ends of the first seal pattern groove, the first and second dams configured to form a second seal pattern groove corresponding to the first seal pattern groove; a pixel electrode on the first substrate; a common electrode on one of the first and second substrates; a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates; and a seal pattern having one end inserted into the first seal pattern groove and the other end inserted into the second seal pattern groove.

Abstract: A mounting structure of a drive-shaft may include a shaft, a housing, a spring guide slidably disposed inside the housing having one end facing the shaft, and a spring with one end supported by a spring guide and the other end supported by the housing, in which a transmission has a companion flange with a cup-shaped coupling portion at an end, so when the housing enters the coupling portion, an elastic force of the spring biases the housing into the coupling portion.

Abstract: A mounting structure of a drive-shaft includes: a shaft; a housing; a spring guide slidably disposed inside the housing having one end facing the shaft; and a spring with one end supported by a spring guide and the other end supported by the housing, in which a transmission has a companion flange with a cup-shaped coupling portion at an end, so when the housing enters the coupling portion, an elastic force of the spring biases the housing into the coupling portion. Since a fixing bolt is not used, it is possible to quickly assemble and disassemble the drive-shaft in maintenance.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) device includes first and second substrates facing each other, each of the first and second substrates having a first substrate having a display region, a non-display region, and a seal pattern region disposed in the non-display region; a protection layer on the first substrate and having a first seal pattern groove in the seal pattern region; first and second dams on the second substrate and respectively disposed at both ends of the first seal pattern groove, the first and second dams configured to form a second seal pattern groove corresponding to the first seal pattern groove; a pixel electrode on the first substrate; a common electrode on one of the first and second substrates; a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates; and a seal pattern having one end inserted into the first seal pattern groove and the other end inserted into the second seal pattern groove.

Abstract: A film sheet for area-focusing of sunlight and a greenhouse provided with the same are provided. A film sheet includes i) a film having a rectangular shape, and ii) a plurality of prism assemblies formed on one surface of the film to extend in one direction. At least one prism assembly of the plurality of prism assemblies includes i) at least one first prism unit including a plurality of first prisms with slanted angles that are substantially the same as each other, and ii) at least one second prism unit neighboring the first prism unit and including a plurality of second prisms with slanted angles that are substantially the same as each other. The width of the first prism unit is substantially the same as the width of the second prism unit and a slanted angle of one first prism among the plurality of first prisms is different from a slanted angle of one second prism among the plurality of second prisms, and light entering the prism assembly is configured to be area-focused.

Abstract: Scalable multi-view image encoding and decoding methods and apparatuses are provided. The scalable multi-view image encoding and decoding methods and apparatuses filter multi-view images input from a plurality of cameras in spatial-axis and in temporal-axis directions using motion compensated temporal filtering (MCTF) or hierarchical B-pictures and scalably code the filtered multi-view.

Abstract: A film sheet for area-focusing of sunlight and a greenhouse provided with the same are provided. A film sheet includes i) a film having a rectangular shape, and ii) a plurality of prism assemblies formed on one surface of the film to extend in one direction. At least one prism assembly of the plurality of prism assemblies includes i) at least one first prism unit including a plurality of first prisms with slanted angles that are substantially the same as each other, and ii) at least one second prism unit neighboring the first prism unit and including a plurality of second prisms with slanted angles that are substantially the same as each other. The width of the first prism unit is substantially the same as the width of the second prism unit and a slanted angle of one first prism among the plurality of first prisms is different from a slanted angle of one second prism among the plurality of second prisms, and light entering the prism assembly is configured to be area-focused.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory apparatus includes first and second bank blocks, a mode generator configured to generate a chip select mode signal used to control an operational mode of the first and second bank blocks, and a controller configured to drive the first and second bank blocks in response to the chip select mode signal, first and second select signals, and a predetermined address signal that are used to control driving of the first and second bank blocks, wherein the controller receives the chip select mode signal having a level used to determine a single chip mode to control operation of the first and second bank blocks in one rank unit, and the first and second bank blocks are selectively activated by using the predetermined address signal.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polarized light emitting diode (LED) capable of emitting polarized light in the front direction thereof by forming a first grating layer on a quantum well layer and forming a second grating layer on a substrate. The polarized LED includes a nitride thin film formed on a substrate, a quantum well layer formed on the nitride thin film, a first grating layer formed on the quantum well layer to allow a part of light generated from the quantum well layer to pass through the first grating layer and to reflect remaining light, and a second grating layer formed on the substrate to rotate the light reflected from the first grating layer such that the reflected light passes through the first grating layer.

Abstract: A method of testing a word line using a word line driving circuit comprising; activating a word line by activating a word line driving signal; floating the word line by activating a test mode signal after the activating of the word line; recording data having a predetermined logic value into a memory cell by inputting a write command while the word line is floated; and reading out data from the memory cell by inputting a read command after the recording of data.