Abstract: A vehicle control apparatus and a method thereof are provided. The vehicle control apparatus includes a first controller configured to control communication associated with a vehicle, a controller configured to control one or more hardware components of the vehicle, and memory storing power state information. The first controller is configured to send, based on the vehicle being in a first mode, a first signal for requesting first information associated with the first mode. While the vehicle is in the first mode, the one or more hardware components are operable by the second controller. The first controller is further configured to store, based on receiving the first information from the second controller, power state information, and perform a function to a state of the second controller as indicated by the power state information.

Abstract: A method for preventing or retarding degeneration of intervertebral disc at an intervertebral disc defect site and a method for treating degenerated or injured intervertebral disc are disclosed. The methods include injecting a mammalian connective tissue cell into the intervertebral disc defect site.

Abstract: A method for providing a task automation service, performed by at least one computing device is provided. The method may include collecting information on an object, in which a user's input occurs, by using a recording engine, generating an object information list for the object based on the information collected by the recording engine, determining first object information corresponding to the user's input based on a result of comparing a plurality of kinds of candidate object information included in the object information list, and automatically generating an activity corresponding to the user's input based on the first object information and predefined pattern information.

Abstract: A smart ring for sensing a biometric signal is provided. The smart ring for sensing a biometric signal by coming in contact with the skin includes at least one light-emitting circuit including first to third light sources that respectively generate light of first to third wavelengths incident on the inside of the skin at non-overlapping first to third points in time, a switch that controls each of the at least one light-emitting circuit, first to third driving circuits that respectively control the first to third light sources of each light-emitting circuit, and a sensing circuit configured to obtain reflected light that is output from the at least one light-emitting circuit and reflected from the inside of the skin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a nonoxidative methane direct converting reactor and a preparation method of ethylene and aromatic compound using the same and, more specifically, to a nonoxidative methane direct converting reactor and a preparation method of ethylene and aromatic compound using the same, wherein the reactor maximizes a catalytic reaction rate, minimizes cokes production, and provides a high conversion rate of methane and a high yield of ethylene and an aromatic compound even at a low hydrogen supply ratio in the production of ethylene and an aromatic compound from methane.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a catalyst for low-temperature carbon monoxide purification, a method for manufacturing the same, and a method for purifying carbon monoxide using the same. The catalyst comprises a metal oxide carrier; a transition metal oxide primarily supported on the carrier, and ruthenium secondarily supported on a carrier carrying the transition metal oxide. The catalyst provides an effect capable of purifying carbon monoxide contained in a hydrogen gas at a low temperature.

Abstract: The embodiments provide a polyamide-based film, which comprises a polyamide-based polymer and has a light resistance index of 0.660 GPa-1 or less as represented by the following Equation 1, whereby it has excellent mechanical properties, optical properties, and light resistance. [Equation 1] Light resistance index=?YI/Y. In Equation 1, Y is the modulus of the film, and ?YI is the rate of change in yellow index (YI) of the film before and after a light resistance test in which UV rays are irradiated to the film at 60° C., the UV irradiation is stopped, and water is sprayed at 50° C.

Abstract: A heat-assisted magnetic recording head comprises a near-field transducer (NFT). The NFT comprises a near-field emitter configured to heat a surface of a magnetic disk, and a hybrid plasmonic disk. The hybrid plasmonic disk comprises a plasmonic region and a thermal region. The plasmonic region comprises a first material or alloy that is a plasmonic material or alloy. The thermal region comprises a second material or alloy that is different than the first material or alloy.

Abstract: A food freezing apparatus according to the present invention comprises: a transport unit having multiple vertically spaced levels provided so as to continuously transport food; a cooling unit for cooling the food transported by the multiple levels of the transport unit; a pre-freezing unit for pre-freezing the food transported by the multiple levels of the transport unit after having been cooled; a freezing unit for freezing the food transported by the multiple levels of the transport unit after having been pre-frozen; and a defrosting unit connected to the freezing unit so as to remove frost that forms inside the freezing unit.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system for managing a vehicle battery that is chargeable/dischargeable and stores energy for driving a vehicle driving motor. The system for managing the vehicle battery as disclosed includes a controller that measures a polarization voltage of each of a plurality of battery cells in a vehicle battery after charging of the vehicle battery is terminated, and determines whether each of the plurality of battery cells is abnormal based on the measured polarization voltage.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a meta-muffler for reducing broadband noise. The meta-muffler includes: a flow pipe through which a fluid flows; an outer barrel disposed outside the flow pipe to be spaced apart from the flow pipe; and multiple metastructures arranged in a flow direction of the fluid and each comprising an opening opened parallel to the flow direction of the fluid, a resonance chamber disposed between the flow pipe and the outer barrel and communicating with the flow pipe through the opening, and a neck adjustment member extending from the outer barrel toward the flow pipe to be spaced apart from the opening in the flow direction of the fluid. The meta-muffler can increase transmission loss of noise flowing through the flow pipe through maximization of energy loss of sound waves entering the resonance chamber of the metastructure and can effectively attenuate noise over a wide band ranging from low frequencies to high frequencies.

Abstract: A display device includes: a base substrate, a transistor disposed on the base substrate, an organic layer disposed on the transistor, a display element layer disposed on the organic layer, and a pixel electrode disposed between the organic layer and the display element layer. The pixel electrode includes a first electrode layer disposed between the organic layer and the display element layer and containing an organic matter derived from the organic layer, and a second electrode layer disposed between the first electrode and the display element layer and not containing the organic matter.

Abstract: A reconnaissance UAV and a surveillance flight method of the reconnaissance UAV which can reduce a number of required reconnaissance UAVs are provided. The surveillance flight method for detecting an unauthorized UAV includes: defining multiple flight passages in a UAV no-fly zone for a plurality of reconnaissance UAVs; controlling each of the plurality of reconnaissance UAVs to fly across adjacent flight passages at an interval by crossing a border of the adjacent flight passages; and controlling at least one of an image sensor and a noise sensor mounted on the reconnaissance UAV to dynamically change a direction detection thereof.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a variant polypeptide having an activity of aspartate 1-dicarboxylase; a microorganism including same; a composition for producing beta-alanine or beta-alanine-derived compounds, the composition comprising the microorganism; and a method for producing beta-alanine or beta-alanine-derived compounds, the method comprising a step for culturing the microorganism.

Abstract: Provided is an integrated optical system-based optical current sensor system comprising a light source generating reference light for current or magnetic field sensing, a polarizer for polarizing the reference light, a phase modulator for phase-modulating the polarized light into a predetermined reference signal, and a Faraday rotation reflector for reflecting the light propagated through an optical path at the end of the optical fiber, wherein the invention further comprises a plurality of pig-tailed optical fiber blocks in which the optical fibers are accommodated therein, and an integrated optical system composed of a plurality of optical components optically bonded to the pig-tailed blocks at interfaces with the pig-tailed blocks.

Abstract: A service providing system associated with an autonomous driving platform is provided. A service providing system associated with a simulation platform is provided. The service providing system includes a platform managing server configured to manage the simulation platform that provides simulation related to a driving environment of a vehicle, a vehicle data managing server configured to acquire vehicle data including driving data related to driving of the vehicle and battery data related to a state of a battery of the vehicle and provide a simulation request based on the vehicle data and the vehicle data to the simulation platform, and a service server configured to manage energy management software that provides energy management data to the simulation platform in association with the simulation platform.

Abstract: A lens-shaped porous support for fuel cell catalysts may improve electrochemical performance and increase mass transfer capability when the porous support is used as a carrier to support a fuel cell catalyst.

Abstract: A semiconductor package using a polymer substrate is disclosed and may include a polymer cavity structure comprising first metal traces, a micro-electro mechanical systems (MEMS) device and a semiconductor die bonded to a first surface within a cavity of the cavity structure, and a substrate coupled to the cavity structure and comprising second metal traces coupled to the first metal traces. The substrate may enclose the MEMS device and the semiconductor die. Ground traces may be on external surfaces of the polymer cavity structure. Ball lands may be on a surface of the substrate opposite to a surface with the second metal traces. The first metal traces may extend from the first surface of the polymer cavity structure up a sidewall of the cavity and to conductive patterns on a top surface of the polymer cavity structure.

Abstract: Disclosed is an LCD device which realizes decreased thickness, simplified process, and decreased cost by using a common electrode for formation of electric field to drive liquid crystal as a sensing electrode, and removing a touch screen from an upper surface of the liquid crystal panel, the LCD device comprising gate and data lines crossing each other to define plural pixels on a lower substrate; a pixel electrode in each of the plural pixels; plural common electrode blocks patterned at the different layer from the pixel electrode, wherein the common electrode blocks, together with the pixel electrode, forms an electric field, and senses a user's touch; and plural sensing lines electrically connected with the common electrode blocks, wherein, if the sensing line is electrically connected with one of the common electrode blocks, the sensing line is insulated from the remaining common electrode blocks.