Abstract: An embodiment circuit includes a load circuit including a first insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), a second IGBT, and a component, a first end of the component being connected to the first IGBT and a second end of the component being connected to the second IGBT, a first circuit including a first capacitor and a relay switch which are connected in series, and a second circuit including a second capacitor and a third capacitor, wherein the second capacitor and the third capacitor are connected in series, wherein the load circuit, the first circuit, and the second circuit are connected in parallel, and wherein the relay switch is open or closed based on a magnitude of an output voltage of the component.

Abstract: A vehicle control apparatus and a vehicle control system including the same are provided. The vehicle control apparatus includes an electronic control unit and a gateway. The electronic control unit is configured to store software identification management information associated with the electronic control unit. The gateway is configured to store a master list of the software identification management information, which includes the software identification management information received from the electronic control unit, deliver update information related to software associated with vehicle type approval (VTA) to the electronic control unit corresponding to the update information, as the update information is received, and update the software identification management information associated with the electronic control unit in the master list as an update of the software of the electronic control unit is completed.

Abstract: A display device includes a driving transistor; a transistor connected to the driving transistor; a first insulating layer; a first data conductive layer including a first connection pattern; a second insulating layer including a lower via hole; a second data conductive layer including a second connection pattern connected to the first connection pattern and a first conductive line; a third insulating layer including an intermediate via hole; a third data conductive layer including a third connection pattern connected to the second connection pattern, a second conductive line extending in a second direction, and a first data line which extends in the second direction; a fourth insulating layer including an upper via hole; and a light emitting element disposed including a first electrode, wherein at least two of the lower via hole, the intermediate via hole, and the upper via hole overlap each other in a third direction.

Abstract: A slurry supply device includes a slurry tank for storing slurry; a temperature controller for supplying hot or cold water to the slurry tank to control the temperature of the slurry; and a double pipe for supplying the slurry to the slurry tank while being connected to the slurry tank and for allowing hot or cold water to move to control the temperature of the slurry.

Abstract: The present inventive concept relates to a radiographic imaging apparatus and a radiographic imaging method for determining a radiographic mode according to a type of a subject's breast. The radiographic imaging apparatus may comprise a radiation source; a radiation detector; a type determination unit configured to determine the type of the breast using a radiation transmission value for the breast obtained from the radiation detector; and an imaging mode determination unit configured to determine the radiographic mode for the breast according to the type of the breast.

Abstract: A radiographic imaging apparatus of the present disclosure includes an image outputter outputting a first radiographic image included in continuous radiographic images obtained by radiographic imaging of a subject, an image brightness information extractor obtaining brightness information from the first radiographic image, a first irradiation condition calculator determining a first irradiation condition based on the brightness information, an irradiation controller controlling a radiation dose based on the first irradiation condition, a second irradiation condition calculator determining a second irradiation condition based on a second radiographic image generated based on the first irradiation condition when an imaging site of the subject is fixed, and a dose reducer reducing or maintaining the radiation dose based on the second irradiation condition.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a method for producing refined hydrocarbons from waste plastics, the method including: a pretreatment process of pretreating waste plastics; a pyrolysis process of producing pyrolysis gas by introducing the waste plastics pretreated in the pretreatment process into a pyrolysis reactor; a lightening process of producing pyrolysis oil by introducing the pyrolysis gas into a hot filter; and a distillation process of distilling the pyrolysis oil to obtain refined hydrocarbons, wherein a liquid condensed in the hot filter is re-introduced into the pyrolysis reactor, and a system for producing refined hydrocarbons from waste plastics.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present disclosure relate to methods and system for producing refined hydrocarbons from waste plastic pyrolysis oil. The methods and system for producing refined hydrocarbons from waste plastic pyrolysis oil according to the embodiments of the present disclosure may minimize formation of an ammonium salt (NH4Cl) and may prevent an adhesion phenomenon of impurity particles in a reactor in a refining process of waste plastic pyrolysis oil containing impurities including chlorine and nitrogen. In addition, the methods and system for producing refined hydrocarbons according to embodiments of the present disclosure may have excellent refining efficiency and may implement a long-term operation of a process because deactivation of a catalyst used in the process is prevented, and may produce refined hydrocarbons having a low content of impurities and a low content of olefins, and solid coke, from waste plastic pyrolysis oil.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a method and system for producing refined hydrocarbons from waste plastic pyrolysis oil. The methods and system for producing refined hydrocarbons from waste plastic pyrolysis oil according to the embodiments of the present disclosure may minimize formation of an ammonium salt (NH4Cl) and may prevent an adhesion phenomenon of impurity particles in a reactor in a refining process of waste plastic pyrolysis oil containing impurities including chlorine and nitrogen. In addition, the methods and system for producing refined hydrocarbons from waste plastic pyrolysis oil according to the embodiments of the present disclosure may have excellent refining efficiency and may implement a long-term operation of a process because deactivation of a catalyst used in the process is prevented, and may produce lightened refined hydrocarbons having a low content of impurities from waste plastic pyrolysis oil.

Abstract: A method and associated system for producing refined hydrocarbons from waste plastics. The method and associated system provide for pretreating waste plastics; a producing a pyrolysis gas by introducing the waste plastics pretreated in the pretreatment process into a pyrolysis reactor; producing in a lightening process a pyrolysis oil by introducing the pyrolysis gas into a hot filter; dehydrating a first mixed solution, obtained by mixing the produced pyrolysis oil with washing water and a demulsifier, by applying a voltage to the first mixed solution; hydrotreating a second mixed solution obtained by mixing the dehydrated first mixed solution with a sulfur source to produce a refined pyrolysis oil from which impurities are removed; and coking the refined pyrolysis oil, wherein a liquid condensed in the hot filter is re-introduced into the pyrolysis reactor.

Abstract: The present invention disclosure relates to a method for producing refined hydrocarbons from waste plastics, the method including: a pretreatment process; a pyrolysis process; a lightening process; a dehydration process; a hydrotreating process; and a distillation process. Further, the present invention disclosure relates to a system for producing refined hydrocarbons from waste plastics.

Abstract: The embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a method and system for producing refined hydrocarbons from waste plastics. The method and system for producing refined hydrocarbons from waste plastics according to the present disclosure may minimize formation of an ammonium chloride salt (NH4Cl) and may prevent an adhesion phenomenon of impurity particles in a reactor in a refining process of waste plastic pyrolysis oil containing impurities including chlorine and nitrogen. In addition, the method and system for producing refined hydrocarbons from waste plastics according to the present disclosure may have excellent refining efficiency and may implement a long-term operation of a process because deactivation of a catalyst used in the process is prevented, and may produce refined hydrocarbons having a low content of impurities and a low content of olefins, and solid coke.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method and system for producing refined hydrocarbons from waste plastic pyrolysis oil. The method and system for producing refined hydrocarbons from waste plastic pyrolysis oil according to the present disclosure may minimize formation of an ammonium chloride salt (NH4Cl) and may prevent an adhesion phenomenon of impurity particles in a reactor in a refining process of waste plastic pyrolysis oil containing impurities including chlorine and nitrogen. In addition, the method and system for producing refined hydrocarbons according to the present disclosure may have excellent refining efficiency and may implement a long-term operation of a process because deactivation of a catalyst used in the process is reduced or prevented, and may produce refined hydrocarbons having a low content of impurities and a low content of olefins from waste plastic pyrolysis oil.

Abstract: A method and associated system for producing syngas containing hydrogen from waste plastics. The method and system provide for: pretreating waste plastics; producing pyrolysis gas by introducing the waste plastics pretreated in the pretreatment process into a pyrolysis reactor; producing in a lightening process pyrolysis oil by introducing the pyrolysis gas into a hot filter; and gasifying the pyrolysis oil, wherein a liquid condensed in the hot filter is re-introduced into the pyrolysis reactor. The system produces syngas containing hydrogen from the waste plastics.

Abstract: A method and associated system for producing refined hydrocarbons from waste plastics. The method and system provide for: pretreating waste plastics; producing pyrolysis gas by introducing the waste plastics pretreated in the pretreatment process into a pyrolysis reactor; producing in a lightening process pyrolysis oil by introducing the pyrolysis gas into a hot filter; and subjecting the pyrolysis oil to solvent extraction, wherein a liquid condensed in the hot filter is re-introduced into the pyrolysis reactor. The system produces refined hydrocarbons from the waste plastics.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a method and system for producing refined hydrocarbons from waste plastics. The method and system for producing refined hydrocarbons from waste plastics according to the embodiments of the present disclosure may minimize formation of an ammonium chloride salt (NH4Cl) and may prevent an adhesion phenomenon of impurity particles in a reactor in a refining process of waste plastic pyrolysis oil containing impurities including chlorine and nitrogen. In addition, the method and system for producing refined hydrocarbons according to the present disclosure may have excellent refining efficiency and may implement a long-term operation of a process because deactivation of a catalyst used in the process is prevented, and may produce, from waste plastics, refined hydrocarbons including aromatic hydrocarbons that have a low content of impurities and a low content of olefins and may implement high-value-addition.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present disclosure relate to methods and system for producing refined hydrocarbons from waste plastic pyrolysis oil. The methods and system for producing refined hydrocarbons from waste plastic pyrolysis oil according to the embodiments of the present disclosure may minimize formation of an ammonium salt (NH4Cl) and may prevent an adhesion phenomenon of impurity particles in a reactor in a refining process of waste plastic pyrolysis oil containing impurities including chlorine and nitrogen. In addition, the methods and system for producing refined hydrocarbons according to embodiments of the present disclosure may have excellent refining efficiency and may implement a long-term operation of a process because deactivation of a catalyst used in the process is prevented, and may produce refined hydrocarbons having a low content of impurities and a low content of olefins, and solid coke, from waste plastic pyrolysis oil.

Abstract: A method and associated system for producing refined hydrocarbons from waste plastics. The method includes: pretreating waste plastics; producing pyrolysis gas by introducing the waste plastics pretreated in the pretreatment process into a pyrolysis reactor; producing in a lightening process pyrolysis oil by introducing the pyrolysis gas into a hot filter; and isomerizing the pyrolysis oil, wherein a liquid condensed in the hot filter is re-introduced into the pyrolysis reactor. The system produces refined hydrocarbons from the waste plastics.

Abstract: A method and associated system for producing refined hydrocarbons from waste plastics. The method and system provide for pretreating waste plastics; producing a pyrolysis gas by introducing the waste plastics pretreated in the pretreatment process into a pyrolysis reactor; producing pyrolysis oil by introducing the pyrolysis gas into a hot filter; dehydrating a first mixed solution, obtained by mixing the produced pyrolysis oil with washing water and a demulsifier, by applying a voltage to the first mixed solution; hydrotreating a second mixed solution obtained by mixing the dehydrated first mixed solution with a sulfur source to produce a refined pyrolysis oil from which impurities are removed; and dewaxing the refined pyrolysis oil, wherein a liquid condensed in the hot filter is re-introduced into the pyrolysis reactor.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a method and system for producing refined hydrocarbons from waste plastic pyrolysis oil. The method and system for producing refined hydrocarbons from waste plastic pyrolysis oil according to the embodiments of the present disclosure may minimize formation of an ammonium salt (NH4Cl) and may prevent an adhesion phenomenon of impurity particles in a reactor in a refining process of waste plastic pyrolysis oil containing impurities including chlorine and nitrogen. In addition, the method and system for producing refined hydrocarbons according to the embodiments of the present disclosure may have excellent refining efficiency and may implement a long-term operation of a process because deactivation of a catalyst used in the process is prevented, and may produce refined hydrocarbons having a low content of impurities and a low content of olefins from waste plastic pyrolysis oil.