Abstract: An exhaust heat recirculation apparatus is capable of improving fuel mileage by heating lubricant using exhaust heat. The exhaust gas recirculation apparatus has a heat exchanger that is mounted at an exhaust line of an engine for heating coolant using the exhaust gas. The exhaust gas recirculation apparatus may include a main line allowing exhaust gas exhausted from each cylinder of the engine to communicate to a exhaust gas inlet, a bypass line communicated to a downstream side of the main line, a bypass valve mounted inside the bypass line, and a heat exchanger selectively communicated to the bypass line by way of the bypass valve.

Abstract: An impulse charger for motor vehicle engines include impulse valves driven using driving force continuously generated by a driving apparatus so as to be instantaneously opened and closed at a high speed by a link unit in which link members are interconnected, and in which the impulse valves for all cylinders are simultaneously driven. Thus, the impulse charger provides simple drive control, reduction in necessary components, and an efficient mounting space, guarantees easy manufacturing and mounting at a low cost, and prevents noise from being generated when the impulse valves are operated.

Abstract: A plasma display panel. A first substrate and a second substrate are provided opposing one another with a predetermined gap therebetween. Address electrodes are formed on the second substrate. Barrier ribs are mounted between the first substrate and the second substrate, the barrier ribs defining a plurality of discharge cells and a plurality of non-discharge regions. Phosphor layers are formed within each of the discharge cells. Discharge sustain electrodes are formed on the first substrate. The non-discharge regions are formed in areas encompassed by discharge cell abscissas and ordinates that pass through centers of each of the discharge cells. Also, external light absorbing members are formed between the second substrate and the barrier ribs layer at areas corresponding to locations of the non-discharge regions.

Abstract: A plasma display apparatus is provided. The plasma display apparatus including an upper substrate; a plurality of first electrodes and second electrodes formed in the upper substrate; a lower substrate arranged to be opposite to the upper substrate; and a plurality of third electrodes and barrier ribs formed in the lower substrate includes a black matrix formed in the upper substrate to be overlapped with the barrier ribs; and a fourth electrode formed on the black matrix to intersect the third electrodes, wherein at least one of the plurality of first and second electrodes is formed in one layer.

Abstract: A method of controlling a call that can apply the service fee system according to user's selection. The method includes: alarming a reception of a first call request message in case a second terminal receives the first call request message from a first terminal; generating a call rejection message for the first call request message by the second terminal; transmitting by the second terminal the generated call rejection message to the first transmitting terminal; and generating a second call request message and transmitting by the second terminal the generated second call request message to the first terminal.

Abstract: A method for providing a digital compass function and a portable terminal adapted to the method are disclosed. The cardinal points, north, south, east and west, are calculated based on the celestial body, such as the sun, the moon, a constellation, a particular star, etc. using the current time information and information of a location where the portable terminal is currently located. The direction of Mecca is calculated based on the calculated cardinal points and the current location information and displayed on the display unit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a plasma display apparatus, which includes a front substrate; a plurality of first, second electrodes formed on the front substrate; a rear substrate that is faced with the front substrate; a plurality of third electrodes formed on the rear substrate; and a discharge cell that is disposed in the place where the first, the second electrode intersect with the third electrode, wherein at least one of the first and the second electrode is formed with one layer, wherein the width or the length of the first and the second electrode arranged in the adjacent discharge cells are different each other. Accordingly, the manufacturing cost can be decreased by eliminating the transparent electrode made of ITO, the color temperature and the luminance of the plasma display panel ca be increased by asymmetrically forming R, G, B discharge cell.

Abstract: First and second substrates are provided opposing one another. Address electrodes are formed on the second substrate. Barrier ribs are mounted between the first and second substrates defining discharge cells and non-discharge regions. Phosphor layers are formed within each of the discharge cells. Discharge sustain electrodes are formed on the first substrate. The non-discharge regions are formed in areas encompassed by discharge cell abscissas and ordinates passing through centers of the discharge cells. Further, the discharge cells are formed such that ends thereof increasingly decrease in width as a distance from centers of the discharge cells is increased. The discharge sustain electrodes include bus electrodes that extend perpendicular to the address electrodes and outside areas of the discharge cells but across areas of the non-discharge regions, and protrusion electrodes formed extending from each of the bus electrodes.

Abstract: An exhaust gas recirculation system of an internal combustion engine where a cylinder head having an intake port and an exhaust port is coupled to a cylinder block, and a portion of an exhaust gas exhausted from the exhaust port is flowed into the intake port through a control valve, may include a recirculation gas gallery integrally formed at the cylinder head and communicated with the intake port, a control valve assembly including the control valve and communicated with the recirculation gas gallery, and at least a recirculation gas extracting unit that is communicated with the control valve assembly and the exhaust port.

Abstract: A variable compression ratio apparatus for varying a compression ratio, may include a connecting rod that is connected to a piston to take a combustion force; a pin link, one end of which is eccentrically connected to a crankshaft and the other end of which is pivotally connected to the connecting rod to form a connection portion therebetween; a slot link including a control slot to receive and guide the connection portion along the control slot; and a driving unit coupled to the slot link and configured to move the control slot to control a position of the connection portion.

Abstract: A plasma display apparatus is provided that includes a front substrate, a plurality of first and second electrodes formed on the front substrate, a rear substrate that is faced with the front substrate, a plurality of third electrodes formed on the rear substrate, and a discharge cell that is disposed where the first, and second electrodes intersect with the third electrode, wherein at least one of the plurality of the first and second electrodes is formed with one layer, wherein a thickness of at least one of the plurality of the first and second electrodes ranges from 3 ?m to 7 ?m. By removing the transparent electrode consisting of ITO, the manufacturing cost of the plasma display panel may be reduced.

Abstract: An optical sheet includes a base film in which light is incident from a lower side, a plurality of prism patterns and a diffusion member. The prism patterns are protruded to be spaced apart from each other on the base film to enhance the front luminance of light incident from the lower side of the base film. The diffusion member is disposed between prism patterns to have a diffusion surface in parallel with the base film. The diffusion member includes a plurality of diffusion dots capable of enhancing the luminance uniformity of light incident from the lower side of the base film. Thus, front luminance and luminance uniformity may be enhanced due to a juxtaposition of the prism patterns and the diffusion portion, and the viewing angle of the LCD device may be enhanced.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an intake manifold for a vehicle and comprises tanks for stabilizing intaken air introduced from a throttle body; a plurality of zip tubes diverged from the tanks; a plurality of runners connected to the zip tubes and communicated with respective cylinders; and a adjustment apparatus provided at one side of the zip tubes and the runners for varying the diameter of the zip tube and the diameter of the runner according to an engine operation range. Due to the above structure, the diameter of the zip tube and the diameter of the runner can be varied continuously within the overall operating range of an engine by the adjustment apparatus. Hence, the performance of the engine can be enhanced.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a plasma display panel comprising a bus electrode. A plasma display panel according to the present invention comprises a first bus electrode and a second bus electrode forming a discharge gap; a barrier rib forming a discharge cell; a first firing electrode connected with the first bus electrode to protrude in the direction of the center of the discharge cell; and a second firing electrode connected with the second bus electrode to protrude in the direction of the center of the discharge cell. The present invention can lower the manufacturing cost of plasma display panel and lower a firing voltage, improving a discharge efficiency as discharges are performed by bus electrodes and firing electrodes without transparent electrodes.

Abstract: A cylinder deactivation system for a vehicle and a variable valve lift system is fabricated with an end pivot structure that can control two valves at the same time. The structure ensures reliability since a latching pin does not receive a shear force and provides an excellent assemblage and a cost reduction by minimizing the number of parts Such a cylinder deactivation system may include a rocker shaft having an oil supply hole, a rocker arm, a middle arm, and a latching portion separating the rocker arm from the middle arm when an oil pressure operates through the oil supply hole.

Abstract: A plasma display panel includes first and second substrates opposing one another. Address electrodes are formed on the second substrate. Barrier ribs are mounted between the first and second substrates defining discharge cells and non-discharge regions. Phosphor layers are formed within each of the discharge cells. Discharge sustain electrodes are formed on the first substrate. The non-discharge regions are formed in areas encompassed by discharge cell abscissas and ordinates passing through centers of the discharge cells. Further, the discharge cells are formed such that ends thereof increasingly decrease in width as a distance from centers of the discharge cells is increased. The discharge sustain electrodes include bus electrodes that extend perpendicular to the address electrodes and outside areas of the discharge cells but across areas of the non-discharge regions, and protrusion electrodes formed extending from each of the bus electrodes.

Abstract: A continuous variable valve lift device includes a valve, which opens/closes a channel by means of reciprocation, a control shaft, which is mounted so as to be able to move toward or away from a reciprocation central axis of the valve, a pivotable shoe, which is pivotably coupled to the control shaft, includes a cam insertion part in a recess or through-hole shape and a slide face slidably contacting an end of the valve, and reciprocates the valve when pivoted, and a drive cam, which comes into contact with an inner wall of the cam insertion part, and pivots the pivotable shoe. Thereby, the continuous variable valve lift device can freely adjust a lift amount and a lift time of the valve without changing positions of the drive cam and camshaft, and thus be easily applied to an existing engine.

Abstract: A variable compression ratio apparatus is disclosed. An upper connecting rod has one end rotatably connected to a piston so as to reciprocate motion of the piston. A lower connecting rod has one end rotatably connected to the other end of the upper connecting rod. A crankshaft is rotatably mounted at an eccentric position of the lower connecting rod. A control rod has one end rotatably connected to the other end of the lower connecting rod, to control the position of that end of the lower connecting rod. A control shaft is connected to the other end of the control rod, to control the position of that end of the control rod.

Abstract: A plasma display panel. A first substrate and a second substrate are provided opposing one another with a predetermined gap therebetween. Address electrodes are formed on the second substrate. Barrier ribs are mounted between the first substrate and the second substrate, the barrier ribs defining a plurality of discharge cells. Also, red, green, and blue phosphor layers are formed within each of the discharge cells. Discharge sustain electrodes are formed on the first substrate. The barrier ribs comprise first barrier rib members formed substantially parallel to the direction of the address electrodes, and second barrier rib members obliquely connected to the first barrier rib members and intersecting over the address electrodes. The second barrier rib members are formed to different widths according to discharge cell color such that red, green, and blue discharge cells have different volumes.

Abstract: A receiver apparatus in a multi-user communication system and a control method are provided. The receiver apparatus includes a multi-user detector for creating a soft decision value by using multiple received signals and priori information output from a prior iteration, and a channel decoder for performing local iterative decoding on the soft decision value created by the multi-user detector, and updating the soft decision value. The receiver apparatus also includes a global decoding controller for checking the soft decision value updated by the channel decoder, and controlling whether or not to perform global iterative decoding.