Abstract: A display panel includes a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, and a pixel disposed on either the first substrate or the second substrate. When an electrode is formed, a portion of the electrode is removed to form a spacer area and a droplet including a bead spacer mixed with a solvent is provided in the spacer area. Then, the solvent is vaporized to move the bead spacer to a center of the spacer area. The second substrate is provided to face the first substrate while interposing the bead spacer therebetween. The spacer area has a dimension equal to or greater than a diameter of the droplet.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid crystal display including: a first substrate; a thin film transistor disposed on the first substrate; a passivation layer disposed on the thin film transistor and comprising a contact hole exposing an electrode of the thin film transistor; a pixel electrode disposed on the passivation layer and connected to the electrode of the thin film transistor through the contact hole; a lower buffer layer disposed on the pixel electrode; a lower alignment layer disposed on the lower buffer layer; a second substrate facing the first substrate; a common electrode disposed on the second substrate; an upper buffer layer disposed on the common electrode; and an upper alignment layer disposed on the upper buffer layer, in which the lower buffer layer comprises parylene, the upper buffer layer comprises parylene, or both the lower and the upper buffer layers comprise parylene.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display that maintains a more uniform cell gap and improves adherence between two display panels by improving adhesion between substrates and their bead spacers, as well as a manufacturing method thereof. An exemplary liquid crystal display includes: a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other; a bead spacer comprising a plurality of beads and a first adhesive coupling the beads to the first substrate; a second adhesive corresponding to the bead spacer and disposed on the second substrate so as to contact the bead spacer; and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate.

Abstract: A display panel includes a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, and a pixel disposed on either the first substrate or the second substrate. When an electrode is formed, a portion of the electrode is removed to form a spacer area and a droplet including a bead spacer mixed with a solvent is provided in the spacer area. Then, the solvent is vaporized to move the bead spacer to a center of the spacer area. The second substrate is provided to face the first substrate while interposing the bead spacer therebetween. The spacer area has a dimension equal to or greater than a diameter of the droplet.

Abstract: A touch screen substrate includes an insulation ball formed on a substrate having a first diameter, a sensing electrode formed on the substrate, and a conductive ball formed on the sensing electrode having a second diameter shorter than the first diameter. A cell gap spacer for maintaining a cell gap of a touch screen panel and a spacer for electrically connecting a lower substrate with an upper substrate of the touch screen panel may be formed via a single spraying process.

Abstract: Provided are a cooling device coated with carbon nanotubes and method of manufacturing the same. Carbon nanotubes are dispersively coated on a surface of the cooling device that radiates generated by a predetermined apparatus or component through thermal exchange. Thus, a carbon nanotube structure is formed so that the cooling device can improve in a thermal radiation characteristic and become small-sized. As a result, electronic devices can be downscaled and heat generated by a highly integrated electronic circuit chip can be effectively radiated, thus increasing lifetime and performance of an operating circuit.

Abstract: Provided are a low-temperature formation method for emitter tips including copper oxide nanowires or copper nanowires and a display device or a light source manufactured using the same. The low-temperature formation method includes preparing a substrate having an exposed copper surface. The copper surface contacts an oxide solution at a low temperature of 100° C. or less to grow copper oxide nanowires on the surface of the substrate. Optionally, a reduction gas or a heat is supplied to the copper oxide nanowires, or plasma processing is performed on the copper oxide nanowires, thereby reducing the copper oxide nanowires to copper nanowires. Thus, emitter tips including copper oxide nanowires or copper nanowires are formed densely at a low temperature such that the emitter tips have a shape and length suitable for emission of electrons.

Abstract: Provided are a method of packaging an MEMS device in vacuum using an O-ring and a vacuum-packaged MEMS device manufactured by the same. The method includes preparing an upper substrate including a cavity and a lower substrate including the MEMS device and loading the upper and lower substrates into a vacuum chamber; aligning the lower and upper substrates by mounting an O-ring on a marginal portion of the MEMS device of the lower substrate; compressing the O-ring between the upper and lower substrates by applying a pressure between the upper and lower substrates; venting the vacuum chamber; and removing the pressure applied between the upper and lower substrates. In this method, the MEMS device can be packaged in vacuum using a simple process without causing outgassing and leakage from a cavity of the upper substrate.

Abstract: Provided are a low-temperature formation method for emitter tips including copper oxide nanowires or copper nanowires and a display device or a light source manufactured using the same. The low-temperature formation method includes preparing a substrate having an exposed copper surface. The copper surface contacts an oxide solution at a low temperature of 100° C. or less to grow copper oxide nanowires on the surface of the substrate. Optionally, a reduction gas or a heat is supplied to the copper oxide nanowires, or plasma processing is performed on the copper oxide nanowires, thereby reducing the copper oxide nanowires to copper nanowires. Thus, emitter tips including copper oxide nanowires or copper nanowires are formed densely at a low temperature such that the emitter tips have a shape and length suitable for emission of electrons.