Abstract: Provided are a method and a system, for measuring thermal conductivity of tissue. A method of measuring thermal conductivity of tissue by using a device including a heating device and a temperature sensor includes applying a first heat flow including constant heat flow to the tissue, generating first temperature data by sensing a temperature change in the tissue as the first heat flow is applied thereto, applying a second heat flow including a sinusoidal heating method to the tissue, generating second temperature data by sensing a temperature change in the tissue as the second heat flow is applied thereto, and based on the first temperature data and the second temperature data, deriving inherent thermal conductivity of the tissue by considering heat transfer due to blood perfusion within the tissue.

Abstract: An embodiment provides a mass-manufacturing method of new structure thermoelectric elements, including: (a) filling a thermoelectric material powder so as to surround the inner and outer parts of a spacer portion located inside a mold portion; (b) pressurizing the spacer portion by a punch portion; (c) sintering the thermoelectric material powder using spark plasma to produce a sintered body; and (d) cutting the sintered body to a preset size to manufacture a plurality of thermoelectric elements.

Abstract: An alloy material includes an alloy containing at least Ni, Al and Ti. The alloy material includes a face centered cubic structure (FCC) matrix and a precipitate formed in the matrix-. The alloy material exhibits predetermined peak characteristics; and has a high resistivity.

Abstract: A heat flux sensor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a thermogalvanic cell; a first electrode and a second electrode which are respectively disposed on a first surface and a second surface of the thermogalvanic cell; and a processor configured to estimate heat flux by measuring a voltage, generated by a temperature difference between the first surface and the second surface, by using the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein core body temperature may be estimated based on the heat flux, estimated by the heat flux sensor, and a skin surface temperature of an object.

Abstract: An electronic device may include: a first temperature sensor configured to measure a first temperature of a skin surface when a user comes into contact with a main body of the electronic device; a first heating element spaced apart from the first temperature sensor by a first predetermined distance; a second temperature sensor spaced apart from the first heating element by a second predetermined distance and configured to measure a second temperature inside the main body; and a processor configured to: estimate heat flux based on the first temperature and the second temperature; estimate a blood perfusion rate of the user based on a temperature of the first heating element and the first temperature, and estimate a core body temperature of a user based on the first temperature, the estimated heat flux, and the estimated blood perfusion rate.

Abstract: An apparatus for estimating body temperature includes: a first temperature sensor configured to measure surface temperature of a wrist of a user; and a processor configured to calculate skin heat flux based on the surface temperature of the wrist, to estimate central wrist temperature of the user based on the surface temperature of the wrist, the calculated skin heat flux, and a blood flow rate and metabolism of the user, and to estimate core body temperature of the user based on the estimated central wrist temperature.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a flexible thermoelectric device that may be combined and attached to a curved surface and generates an electromotive force based on a temperature difference between one surface and the other surface, and more particularly, to a flexible thermoelectric device having a radiative cooling part which improves power generation performance by increasing cooling efficiency of a cooling side through radiative cooling and minimizes a volume of a heat dissipating part, and a method of manufacturing a radiative cooling part.

Abstract: Disclosed is a flexible thermoelectric system. More particularly, the flexible thermoelectric system includes thermoelectric units that are wearable on the human body; a heating unit that is provided on one side of the thermoelectric units so as to be disposed between the thermoelectric units and the skin and is formed of a hygroscopic and exothermic material; and a heat dissipating unit that is provided on other side of the thermoelectric units such that the heat dissipating unit faces the heating unit and the thermoelectric units are disposed between the heat dissipating unit and the heating unit; wherein the heating unit and the heat dissipating unit are flexible. Due to such a configuration, the flexible thermoelectric system may be flexibly attached to the skin and temperature difference between upper and lower surfaces of the thermoelectric units may be maximized. Accordingly, power generation or cooling performance may be improved.

Abstract: Disclosed is a thermoelement including a body including a plurality of joint portions, at least two of the plurality of joint portions being rotatably connected to each other, a shaft provided to the body and configured to provide a center of rotation of the plurality of joint portions, and a thermoelectric material provided between the plurality of joint portions.

Abstract: Disclosed are a metal alloy composition including an amorphous or crystalline metal matrix and metal particles having hyperelasticity by a phase transition dispersed in the metal matrix, wherein the metal alloy composition includes at least one early transition metal (ETM), at least one late transition metal (LTM), and silicon (Si) in an amount of greater than about 0 atomic % and less than about 2 atomic %, a fabricating method thereof, and a product including the same.

Abstract: Disclosed is a flexible thermoelectric system. More particularly, the flexible thermoelectric system includes thermoelectric units that are wearable on the human body; a heating unit that is provided on one side of the thermoelectric units so as to be disposed between the thermoelectric units and the skin and is formed of a hygroscopic and exothermic material; and a heat dissipating unit that is provided on other side of the thermoelectric units such that the heat dissipating unit faces the heating unit and the thermoelectric units are disposed between the heat dissipating unit and the heating unit; wherein the heating unit and the heat dissipating unit are flexible. Due to such a configuration, the flexible thermoelectric system may be flexibly attached to the skin and temperature difference between upper and lower surfaces of the thermoelectric units may be maximized. Accordingly, power generation or cooling performance may be improved.

Abstract: Disclosed is a thermoelement including a body including a plurality of joint portions, at least two of the plurality of joint portions being rotatably connected to each other, a shaft provided to the body and configured to provide a center of rotation of the plurality of joint portions, and a thermoelectric material provided between the plurality of joint portions.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing a Pb—Te based thermoelectric material, the method comprising: forming a Pb—Te based by mixture mixing element lead, element tellurium and a dopant; melting and then quenching the mixture; and obtaining a thermoelectric sintered body by hot-pressing a molded body obtained after the quenching.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing a Pb—Te based thermoelectric material, the method comprising: forming a Pb—Te based by mixture mixing element lead, element tellurium and a dopant; melting and then quenching the mixture; and obtaining a thermoelectric sintered body by hot-pressing a molded body obtained after the quenching.

Abstract: A protection circuit module and a rechargeable battery pack including the PCM. The battery pack includes: an electrode assembly, which has a positive electrode plate, a separator, and a negative electrode plate; a case to house the electrode assembly and an electrolyte; and the protection circuit module. The protection circuit module includes: a protection circuit board having an inner surface that faces the electrode assembly and an opposing outer surface; and a protection circuit part mounted in a hole formed in the inner surface of the protection circuit board, such that the protection circuit board is flush with the inner surface of the protection circuit board.

Abstract: Disclosed is a secondary battery that includes a bare cell, a first circuit module, and a second circuit module. The bare cell includes an electrode terminal connected to one type of polarity of the battery and a plate terminal connected to another type of polarity of the battery. The first and second circuit modules are disposed on an upper surface of the plate terminal, and are disposed at opposite sides of the electrode terminal. External terminals, which are mounted on the second circuit module and are electrically coupled to an external device, are positioned higher than the electrode terminal. This structure of the battery minimizes the size of the battery.

Abstract: A battery pack including: a bare cell; a protection circuit module disposed on a first side of the bare cell; a connection member connected to the protection circuit module; and an adhesive unit to attach the connection member to the bare cell. The bare cell includes a rectangular can. The protection circuit module is disposed on a first side of the can and is electrically connected to a first electrode terminal of the bare cell that extends through the first side of the can. The protection circuit board is electrically connected to a second side of the can, by the connection member. The adhesive unit may be an adhesive tape or a conductive adhesive.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for spatially predicting image data, an apparatus and method for encoding image data, an apparatus and method for compensating for spatial prediction of image data, and an apparatus and method for decoding image data. The spatial prediction apparatus of image data includes: a spatial prediction unit performing a spatial prediction of pixel values of a current block using pixel values of blocks adjacent to an upper row of the current block. A pipeline process is possible when the spatial prediction is performed, thereby performing real time encoding and decoding.

Abstract: There are provided an apparatus and method for performing dynamic capacitance compensation (DCC) in a liquid crystal display (LCD). The DCC apparatus includes: a first line buffer reading and temporarily storing pixel values of an image for each line; an encoder transforming and quantizing the pixel values stored for each line for each block and generating bit streams; a memory storing the generated bit streams; a decoder decoding the bit streams stored in the memory for the each block and outputting the decoded bit streams; a second line buffer reading and temporarily storing the decoded pixel values for the each block; and a compensation pixel value detector detecting a compensation pixel value for each pixel, from pixel value differences between pixel values of a current frame stored in the first line buffer and pixel values of a previous frame stored in the second line buffer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a secondary battery that includes a bare cell, a first circuit module, and a second circuit module. The bare cell includes an electrode terminal connected to one type of polarity of the battery and a plate terminal connected to another type of polarity of the battery. The first and second circuit modules are disposed on an upper surface of the plate terminal, and are disposed at opposite sides of the electrode terminal. External terminals, which are mounted on the second circuit module and are electrically coupled to an external device, are positioned higher than the electrode terminal. This structure of the battery minimizes the size of the battery.