Abstract: A composition for preparing a polyimide-inorganic composite material including: a polyamic acid represented by Chemical Formula 1, a polyimide represented by Chemical Formula 2, or a combination thereof; an inorganic particle precursor; and water, wherein the polyamic acid, the polyimide, or the combination thereof is a reaction product of a dicarboxylic acid anhydride and a diamine, wherein the mole ratio of the diamine to the dicarboxylic acid anhydride is greater than 0.93 and less than 0.95, and wherein the inorganic particle precursor is included in an amount to provide an inorganic particle in an amount of greater than or equal to about 30 weight % and less than or equal to about 60 weight % based the total weight of the polyimide-inorganic composite material prepared: wherein in Chemical Formulae 1 and 2, groups and variable are the same as defined in the specification.

Abstract: A method of preparing an optical film, preparing a coating composition including an amic acid-containing polymer represented by Chemical Formula 1 and at least one polymerization aid selected from an alkyl phosphite, an aryl phosphite, an alkyl phosphate, and an aryl phosphate; providing the coating composition on a substrate to form a coating layer; and applying heat to the coating layer to prepare a cured film: wherein, in Chemical Formula 1, are the same or different in each repeating unit, and are each independently at least one selected from an aromatic organic group, an aliphatic organic group, and an alicyclic organic group, and 0?x?1.

Abstract: A composition for preparing a polyimide-inorganic particle composite including a reaction product of a tetracarboxylic dianhydride mixture and a diamine, and a precursor of an inorganic particle, wherein the tetracarboxylic dianhydride mixture includes a tetracarboxylic dianhydride represented by Chemical Formula 1, and a tetracarboxylic dianhydride represented by Chemical Formula 2, and wherein the diamine is represented by Chemical Formula 3: wherein in Chemical Formulae 1 to 3, groups and variable as described in the specification.

Abstract: A composition for preparing a polyimide including an oligomer including at least two termini, wherein the oligomer is selected from a polyimide, a polyamic acid, a poly(imide-amic acid), and a combination thereof, and wherein at least two of the at least two termini of the oligomer include a dicarboxylic acid group; and an inorganic particle having a surface, wherein the surface comprises two or more amino groups.

Abstract: A method of preparing an optical film, preparing a coating composition including an amic acid-containing polymer represented by Chemical Formula 1 and at least one polymerization aid selected from an alkyl phosphite, an aryl phosphite, an alkyl phosphate, and an aryl phosphate; providing the coating composition on a substrate to form a coating layer; and applying heat to the coating layer to prepare a cured film: wherein, in Chemical Formula 1, are the same or different in each repeating unit, and are each independently at least one selected from an aromatic organic group, an aliphatic organic group, and an alicyclic organic group, and 0?x?1.

Abstract: A composition for preparing a polyimide-inorganic particle composite including a reaction product of a tetracarboxylic dianhydride mixture and a diamine, and a precursor of an inorganic particle, wherein the tetracarboxylic dianhydride mixture includes a tetracarboxylic dianhydride represented by Chemical Formula 1, and a tetracarboxylic dianhydride represented by Chemical Formula 2, and wherein the diamine is represented by Chemical Formula 3: wherein in Chemical Formulae 1 to 3, groups and variable as described in the specification.

Abstract: A polyimide precursor composition, including a polyamic acid including a repeating unit represented by Chemical Formula 1 and transparent metal oxide nanoparticles coordinated to a ligand represented by RCOOH, wherein R is a linear or branched C1-C4 alkyl or a linear or branched C2-C4 alkenyl: wherein variables Cy, A3, R31, and n34 in Chemical Formula I are described in the specification.

Abstract: A composition for preparing a polyimide-inorganic composite material including: a polyamic acid represented by Chemical Formula 1, a polyimide represented by Chemical Formula 2, or a combination thereof; an inorganic particle precursor; and water, wherein the polyamic acid, the polyimide, or the combination thereof is a reaction product of a dicarboxylic acid anhydride and a diamine, wherein the mole ratio of the diamine to the dicarboxylic acid anhydride is greater than 0.93 and less than 0.95, and wherein the inorganic particle precursor is included in an amount to provide an inorganic particle in an amount of greater than or equal to about 30 weight % and less than or equal to about 60 weight % based the total weight of the polyimide-inorganic composite material prepared: wherein in Chemical Formulae 1, 2, and 3, groups and variable are defined in the specification.

Abstract: A composition for preparing a polyimide including an oligomer including at least two termini, wherein the oligomer is selected from a polyimide, a polyamic acid, a poly(imide-amic acid), and a combination thereof, and wherein at least two of the at least two termini of the oligomer include a dicarboxylic acid group; and an inorganic particle having a surface, wherein the surface comprises two or more amino groups.

Abstract: A polyimide precursor composition, including a polyamic acid including a repeating unit represented by Chemical Formula 1 and transparent metal oxide nanoparticles coordinated to a ligand represented by RCOOH, wherein R is a linear or branched C1-C4 alkyl or a linear or branched C2-C4 alkenyl: wherein variables Cy, A3, R31, and n34 in Chemical Formula I are described in the specification.

Abstract: A method of preparing an optical film, preparing a coating composition including an amic acid-containing polymer represented by Chemical Formula 1 and at least one polymerization aid selected from an alkyl phosphite, an aryl phosphite, an alkyl phosphate, and an aryl phosphate; providing the coating composition on a substrate to form a coating layer; and applying heat to the coating layer to prepare a cured film: wherein, in Chemical Formula 1, are the same or different in each repeating unit, and are each independently at least one selected from an aromatic organic group, an aliphatic organic group, and an alicyclic organic group, and 0?x?1.

Abstract: A thin film transistor array panel, a display device including the thin film transistor array panel, and a method for manufacturing the display device. The thin film transistor array panel includes a substrate having first and second surfaces, a first thin film form formed on the first surface and including a first electrode, and a second thin film form formed on the second surface and including a second electrode, to thereby improve the viewing angle and contrast ratio of the display device.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to non-aggregating nanoparticles, including ligand capped metal oxide nanoparticles. Methods for their synthesis and methods for their use, for example, for improved immersion lithography processes, are also disclosed.

Abstract: Provided are a conducting polymer film composition comprising a graft copolymer of a self-doped conducting polymer and an organic opto-electronic device comprising a conducting polymer film formed of the above-mentioned composition. In the graft copolymer, the conducting polymer and a polyacid are connected to each other via chemical binding. Therefore, the composition of the present invention can be used in organic opto-electronic devices with minimal or no dedoping occurring from heat generated inside the device. As a result, the present invention can improve efficiency and life-time of the organic opto-electronic device.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a main display panel and a sub-display panel. The main display panel includes a first main display substrate and a second main display substrate disposed opposite the first main display substrate to overlap the first main display substrate. The sub-display panel includes a first sub-display substrate and a second sub-display substrate disposed opposite the first sub-display substrate to overlap the first sub-display substrate. The first main display substrate includes a first alignment mark and a second alignment mark, the second main display substrate includes a third alignment mark corresponding to the second alignment mark, the first sub-display substrate includes a fourth alignment mark, and the second sub-display substrate includes a fifth alignment mark corresponding to the fourth alignment mark and a sixth alignment mark corresponding to the first alignment mark.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to non-aggregating nanoparticles, including ligand capped metal oxide nanoparticles. Methods for their synthesis and methods for their use, for example, for improved immersion lithography processes, are also disclosed.

Abstract: A thin film transistor array panel, a display device including the thin film transistor array panel, and a method for manufacturing the display device. The thin film transistor array panel includes a substrate having first and second surfaces, a first thin film form formed on the first surface and including a first electrode, and a second thin film form formed on the second surface and including a second electrode, to thereby improve the viewing angle and contrast ratio of the display device.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a main display panel and a sub-display panel. The main display panel includes a first main display substrate and a second main display substrate disposed opposite the first main display substrate to overlap the first main display substrate. The sub-display panel includes a first sub-display substrate and a second sub-display substrate disposed opposite the first sub-display substrate to overlap the first sub-display substrate. The first main display substrate includes a first alignment mark and a second alignment mark, the second main display substrate includes a third alignment mark corresponding to the second alignment mark, the first sub-display substrate includes a fourth alignment mark, and the second sub-display substrate includes a fifth alignment mark corresponding to the fourth alignment mark and a sixth alignment mark corresponding to the first alignment mark.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel assembly and a backlight assembly. The display panel assembly includes a main panel unit and a sub panel unit facing the main panel unit. The backlight assembly emits light to the display panel assembly. The main panel unit includes a color filter and displays an image in chromatic and achromatic colors, and the sub panel unit displays an image only in an achromatic color.

Abstract: Provided are a conducting polymer film composition comprising a graft copolymer of a self-doped conducting polymer and an organic opto-electronic device comprising a conducting polymer film formed of the above-mentioned composition. In the graft copolymer, the conducting polymer and a polyacid are connected to each other via chemical binding. Therefore, the composition of the present invention can be used in organic opto-electronic devices with minimal or no dedoping occurring from heat generated inside the device. As a result, the present invention can improve efficiency and life-time of the organic opto-electronic device.