Abstract: An object of the present disclosure is to implement a coloring pattern with a high optical density on an electrode substrate to improve display reliability and lifetime as well as vivid colors as a display with high resolution. That is, the pixel having a size within the range according to the present disclosure can implement high resolution of a Black PDL and can manufacture a display with high luminance and long lifetime according to driving voltage and current.

Abstract: A beam-scanning lens used in a scanning image forming optical system includes a single lens molded from plastic having a refractive index distribution curve and an effective area, such that a gap between a center axis of the refractive index distribution curve and a width centerline of the effective area is increased from a center of the single lens to both ends of a lengthwise direction of the single lens.

Abstract: A multi-beam deflector and a multi-laser scanning unit including the same are provided. The multi-beam deflector deflects N incident light beams which are spaced apart from each other by a beam pitch. The N incident light beams are deflected onto N photoreceptors which are spaced apart from each other. The beam deflector includes a deflecting reflection mirror that includes N deflecting reflection surfaces and a driving body. The N deflecting reflection surfaces correspond to the photoreceptors with a predetermined angle between each of the reflection surfaces, and respectively scan the N incident light beams to the corresponding photoreceptors. The driving body vibrates the deflecting reflection mirror about a rotation axis. The number of optical components is reduced and the apparatus is simpler, alignment of the optical components is simpler, and the degree of freedom of optical components is improved.

Abstract: A laser scan unit includes a thermally-transformable slit having a laser beam hole that is variable in size to control a laser spot size being projected from a light source and focused on a scanning objective according to change of temperature. The thermally-transformable slit reduces the laser beam hole when the temperature increases and enlarges the laser beam hole when the temperature decreases. Additionally, the thermally-transformable slit includes a slit member having the laser beam hole, and a thermally-transformable member disposed near the laser beam hole of the slit member and transformable according to the temperature to partly block the laser beam hole, thereby controlling the size of the laser beam hole.