Abstract: Disclosed are an access card processing method and an apparatus for performing the method. The access card processing method may, if a produced access card is issued by a partner terminal and then transferred/retransferred, or a user terminal holding the access card returns the access card, or the access card is retrieved by the partner terminal, provide a message related to the transfer/return/retrieval so as to enable a situation regarding the transfer/return/retrieval to be recognized.

Abstract: An adhesive includes: a resin binder including an acrylic polymer and carboxylic acid; metal chelate hardener; and epoxy-based hardener.

Abstract: A method of a wireless communication device, includes compensating for a first phase of a first training symbol and a second phase of a second training symbol following the first training symbol, based on a reference carrier frequency offset (CFO) corresponding to one of a plurality of subcarriers of a received frame in a time domain; calculating residual CFOs respectively for the plurality of subcarriers of the received frame, based on the reference CFO; compensating for phase differences between the first training symbol and the second training symbol for each of the plurality of subcarriers, based on the residual CFOs in a frequency domain; and estimating at least one of noise power and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the received frame, based on the first training symbol and the second training symbol after compensating for the phase differences between the first training symbol and the second training symbol.

Abstract: An interconnect structure including a dielectric layer; a conductive wiring including a first cobalt-metal alloy within a trench structure of the dielectric layer; and a cobalt-containing auxiliary layer between the conductive wiring and the dielectric layer, wherein the cobalt-containing auxiliary layer includes cobalt or a second cobalt-metal alloy.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lithium recovery system for black mass, including: a heat treatment unit that performs heat treatment to convert the black mass into soluble substances and insoluble substances; a water leaching unit that leaches the heat-treated black mass with water to separate the heat-treated black mass into a water leaching solution, which contains lithium ions and carbonate ions, and insoluble substances; and an impurity removal unit that removes impurities contained in the water leaching solution by lowering pH of the water leaching solution through addition of carbon dioxide-containing gas to the water leaching solution.

Abstract: A wafer processing apparatus may include a light source unit emitting a first beam, a first spatial laser modulator reflecting the first beam, a beam expander adjusting a divergence angle of the first beam, a sensor unit emitting a second beam, a second spatial laser modulator reflecting the second beam, a galvanometer reflecting the first beam or the second beam, and a condensing lens refracting the first beam or the second beam. The sensor unit may receive position information generated while the second beam is moving in a first direction on a wafer. The first beam may be condensed to a condensing point by the condensing lens. Angle information for controlling a height level of the condensing point may be generated based on the position information. The beam expander may adjust the divergence angle of the first beam based on the angle information.

Abstract: A thermoelectric device according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a first substrate; an insulating layer disposed on the first substrate; a first electrode unit disposed on the insulating layer; a first terminal electrode and a second terminal electrode disposed on the insulating layer and protruding from the first electrode unit toward the first outer side of the first substrate; a semiconductor structure disposed on the first electrode unit; a second electrode unit disposed on the semiconductor structure; and a second substrate unit disposed on the second electrode unit. The second substrate unit comprises a plurality of second substrates disposed away from one another. The first electrode unit comprises: a plurality of electrode groups respectively overlapping the plurality of second substrates vertically; and a first connection electrode connecting two different electrode groups among the plurality of electrode groups.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a metaallylsilane-based linker compound, a method for preparing same, and the like. The present invention makes it possible to prepare a nanoprobe in which two or more functional molecules are incorporated in a silica nanoparticle that is modified with the linker compound by means of a one-pot process through a continuous bioorthogonal reaction. The nanoprobe of the present invention can be incorporated in a targeting ligand capable of delivering a drug to a specific location, a fluorescent dye for molecular imaging, a radioactive isotope, a magnetic substance, a drug for treatment, and the like, and thus can be used for in vivo molecular imaging, theranostics, and the like.

Abstract: A system and a method are disclosed for controlling sounding or beamforming. In some embodiments, the method includes transmitting, by a first station, an instruction to a second station, the second station being a beamforming station, wherein the instruction instructs the second station: to disable or enable beamforming, or to disable or enable sounding.

Abstract: An evaporation apparatus includes a lower case that accommodates a deposition material, a nozzle emitting the deposition material, a first angle limiting member including a first angle limiting plate extending in a direction that limits an angle of the deposition material emitted from the nozzle, a plurality of first cooling fins connected to a side of the first angle limiting member, and a first heat exchanger having a plurality of first heat exchange fins located between the plurality of first cooling fins.

Abstract: Examples are disclosed that relate to mitigating a piezoelectric response of an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display from static charge. One example provides an electronic device, comprising an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display, the OLED display comprising an organic light emitting layer, a thin film transistor (TFT), a polyimide layer disposed on an opposite side of the TFT as the organic light emitting layer, a buffer layer between the TFT and the polyimide layer, and a conductor positioned to mitigate a piezoelectric response of the polyimide layer to static charge on the OLED display.

Abstract: An operation method of a wireless communication device includes receiving a first signal including a first reference signal group, calculating a first residual frequency offset based on the first signal, receiving a second signal that is subsequent to the first signal and includes a second reference signal group, compensating a phase of the second signal based on the first residual frequency offset, estimating a first channel based on first channel characteristics, the first reference signal group, and the first signal, estimating a second channel based on second channel characteristics, the second reference signal group, and the second signal of which the phase is compensated, and calculating a second residual frequency offset based on the first channel estimation and the second channel estimation.

Abstract: An operating method of a receiver includes detecting a signal received from a transmitter at a plurality of sub-bands constituting the frequency band, determining first frequency offsets for the signal at reception sub-bands at which the signal has been detected among the plurality of sub-bands, and determining second frequency offsets by calibrating carrier frequency offsets based on a distance of each of the reception sub-bands from a center frequency of the frequency band.

Abstract: A semiconductor may include a substrate including a first active region and a second active region, an element isolation film on the substrate exposing the first active region and the second active region, a silicon germanium film on the first active region of the substrate, a first gate insulating film on the silicon germanium film and contacting the silicon germanium film, a first gate electrode on the first gate insulating film, a source/drain region in the substrate and on both sides of the first gate electrode, a second gate insulating film on the second active region of the substrate and contacting the substrate, and a second gate electrode on the second gate insulating film. A height from a lowest portion of the element isolation film to an upper face of the substrate may be different in the first active region compared to the second active region.

Abstract: A method of displaying an application is provided. The method includes displaying an execution screen of a first application on a first area when the first application is executed, displaying the execution screen of the first application on a second area instead of on the first area when a second application is executed while the first application is executed, and displaying an execution screen of a second application on the first area.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system for recovering lithium of a waste cathode material, including: a heat-treating unit configured to heat-treat a waste cathode material to convert into soluble and insoluble materials; a water-leaching unit configured to leach the heat-treated waste cathode material with water to separate into an insoluble material and a water-leached solution comprising a lithium ion and a carbonate ion; and an reverse osmosis (RO) concentration unit configured to concentrate the water-leached solution using reverse osmosis, and a concentration of a lithium ion in the water-leached solution which is separated from the water-leaching unit may be 2,000 ppm or less.

Abstract: A device for cooling air between a garment and wearer of the garment, and a protective apparel cooling system, wherein the device comprises a cooling unit comprising a plurality of heat transfer modules for cooling the air, and one or more fan(s) for advancing the air through the heat transfer modules, wherein each heat transfer module comprises a sealable volume for the placement of phase change material for cooling the air, and a channel through the sealable volume that forms an air passageway that is in fluid communication with at least one of the one or more fan(s); wherein the channel further comprises a plurality of interior fins extending from an inner channel wall into the air passageway, and a plurality of exterior fins extending from an outer channel wall into the sealable volume; wherein heat can transfer from air in the air passageway to any phase change material in the sealable volume.

Abstract: A method of displaying an application is provided. The method includes displaying an execution screen of a first application on a first area when the first application is executed, displaying the execution screen of the first application on a second area instead of on the first area when a second application is executed while the first application is executed, and displaying an execution screen of a second application on the first area.

Abstract: Provided is a preparation method for a thermoelectric composite. The preparation method for a thermoelectric composite comprises the steps of: preparing a base substrate containing a first binary metal oxide; and providing a metal precursor and a reaction material containing oxygen (O) onto the base substrate to form a material film containing a second biliary metal oxide resulting from the reaction of the metal precursor and the reaction material, wherein in the step of forming the material film, a 2-dimensional electron gas is generated between the base substrate and the material film as the material film is formed on the base substrate.

Abstract: A thermoelectric device according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a support which includes a first groove and a second groove arranged at one surface thereof to be spaced apart from each other; a thermoelectric module which is disposed on one surface of the support between the first groove and the second groove; and a first sealing member and a second sealing member which are disposed in the first groove and the second groove respectively and are spaced apart from the thermoelectric module.