Abstract: A display apparatus includes a user inputter receiving a user input; a content receiver receiving content data from a content source; a display configured to display an image included in the content data; a sound output configured to output sound included in the content data; and a processor configured to decode the content data into sound data, set a sound parameter according to a result of reinforcement learning about the sound parameter based on the user input, convert the sound data into a sound signal according to the set sound parameter, and control the sound output to output the sound corresponding to the sound signal.

Abstract: A display device includes a pixel disposed in a display area; a first line electrically connected to the pixel; and a first control line disposed around the first line. The pixel includes a first electrode and a second electrode spaced apart from each other; at least one intermediate electrode including a first intermediate electrode disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode; light emitting elements electrically connected between a pair of adjacent electrodes among the first electrode, the second electrode, and the at least one intermediate electrode; and a first switching element electrically connected between the first intermediate electrode and the first line, the first switching element being controlled by a signal applied to the first control line.

Abstract: Since the fat content of pork is a deciding factor in grading the quality of meat, the use of a noninvasive subcutaneous probe for real-time, in situ monitoring of the fat components is of importance to vendors and other interested parties. Fortunately, in situ, in vivo monitoring of subcutaneous fat can be accomplished with spatially offset Raman spectroscopy (SORS) using a fiber-optic probe. The probe acquires Raman spectra as a function of spatial offset. These spectra are used to determine the relative composition of fat-to-skin. The Raman intensity ratio varies disproportionately depending on the fat content, with variations in slope that are correlated to the thickness of the fat layer. Ordinary least square (OLS) regression using two components indicates that depth-resolved SORS spectra reflect the relative thickness of the fat layer.

Abstract: A nonvolatile memory device includes a memory cell array and a row decoder. The memory cell array includes a plurality of mats. A first cell string of first mat is connected to a plurality of first word-lines, a first bit-line and a first string selection line. A second cell string of second mat is connected to a plurality of second word-lines, a second bit-line and a second string selection line. Each of the first and second cell strings includes a ground selection transistor, memory cells, and a string selection transistor coupled in series. The row decoder applies a first voltage to a third word-line among the plurality of first and second word-lines for a first period of time in a single mat mode and to apply a second voltage to the third word-line for a second period of time longer than the first period of time in a multi-mat mode.

Abstract: A radiation shielding device for meteorological observation with internal air circulation including: a body for allowing meteorological sensors to be mounted therein; a cover for covering the body by engaging with the body; and a modified Venturi tube which is physically formed while the body and the cover are engaged with each other; wherein, the modified Venturi tube is configured as a first opening for receiving external air from an exterior of the body, a second opening for receiving internal air from an interior of the body, and a third opening for releasing the received external air and the received internal air, and wherein, the external air gets into the modified Venturi tube through the first opening, the internal air gets into the modified Venturi tube through the second opening, and the external air and the internal air are released from the modified Venturi tube through the third opening.

Abstract: A display device may include: a substrate including a display area and a non-display area; and at least one pixel disposed in the display area, and comprising at least one pixel including an emission area that emits light. The at least one pixel may include: at least one sub-electrode extending in a direction on the substrate; at least one branch electrode extending in a direction and spaced apart from the sub-electrode; a first insulating layer disposed on the at least one sub-electrode and the at least one branch electrode; first electrodes disposed on the first insulating layer and electrically connected with the at least one sub-electrode; second electrodes disposed on the first insulating layer and electrically connected with the at least one branch electrode; and at least one light emitting element aligned between at least one of the first electrodes and at least one of the second electrodes.

Abstract: A radiation shielding device for meteorological observation with internal air circulation including: a body for allowing meteorological sensors to be mounted therein; a cover for covering the body by engaging with the body; and a modified Venturi tube which is physically formed while the body and the cover are engaged with each other; wherein, the modified Venturi tube is configured as a first opening for receiving external air from an exterior of the body, a second opening for receiving internal air from an interior of the body, and a third opening for releasing the received external air and the received internal air, and wherein, the external air gets into the modified Venturi tube through the first opening, the internal air gets into the modified Venturi tube through the second opening, and the external air and the internal air are released from the modified Venturi tube through the third opening.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for calibrating temperature and humidity of a radio-sonde to be adapted to the upper air environment using an upper air simulation chamber including: an isotemperature-isohumidity unit calibrating temperature and humidity measured via the radio-sonde; a sunlight generation unit coupled to the isotemperature-isohumidity unit and generating sunlight to be irradiated to the isotemperature-isohumidity unit; an air supply unit coupled to the isotemperature-isohumidity unit and controlling the pressure and temperature of atmospheric air, allowing supplying air to the isotemperature-isohumidity unit; a sonic nozzle coupled to the isotemperature-isohumidity unit and creating an air flow set at below a set pressure; and a vacuum pump coupled to the isotemperature-isohumidity unit and discharging air which penetrates the isotemperature-isohumidity unit.

Abstract: A display device includes a first substrate including a first area and a second area located at the edge of the first area. A first electrode and a second electrode are on the first substrate and spaced from each other. Light emitting elements are located between the first electrode and the second electrode in the first area. A first conductive layer is on the first electrode in the second area. A pixel circuit layer is on the first conductive layer in the second area, and includes a transistor connected to the first conductive layer. A second substrate is on the pixel circuit layer.

Abstract: A display device includes a pixel disposed in a display area. The pixel includes first and second sub-areas; first and second electrodes of a first stage disposed in the first sub-area; first light emitting elements disposed between the first and second electrodes; first and second contact electrodes of the first stage to electrically connect the first light emitting elements between the first and second electrodes; first and second electrodes of a second stage disposed in the second sub-area; second light emitting elements disposed between the first and second electrodes of the second stage; first and second contact electrodes of the second stage to electrically connect the second light emitting elements between the first and second electrodes of the second stage; and a connection electrode to electrically connect the second contact electrode of the first stage with the first contact electrode of the second stage.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a carrier for cell culture and, more specifically, to a carrier for cell culture and a cell culture medium composition comprising same, the carrier for cell culture comprising microcapsules which contain gelatin, a natural polymer, an oil, and an oil thickener and have improved mechanical properties. The microcapsules containing a natural oil, according to the present invention, have significantly improved mechanical properties and retention. When used as a carrier for cell culture in culturing cells, the microcapsules have the effects of improving adhesion and survival of the cells and inducing maturation of the cultured cells, and thus may be variously employed in cell culture using a carrier, co-culture systems, and the field of artificial cell structure production.

Abstract: The present invention relates to microcapsules comprising natural oil and, more specifically, to microcapsules which contain gelatin, natural polymers, oil, and an oil thickener and have enhanced mechanical properties, and a preparation method therefor. The microcapsules comprising natural oil according to the present invention have remarkably enhanced mechanical properties and retention properties, and when co-cultured with cells, the microcapsules provide the effect of inducing maturation of the cells, and thus may be used in various fields of microcarriers, cell cultures, and co-culture systems.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an organoid and, more specifically, to an organoid and a use thereof, the organoid being produced using a carrier for cell culture which comprises microcapsules containing gelatin, a natural polymer, an oil, and an oil thickener. When used as a carrier for cell culture in culturing cells, the microcapsules containing a natural oil, according to the present invention, have the effects of improving adhesion and survival of the cells and inducing maturation of the cultured cells. The organoid produced by culturing cells using the carrier for cell culture has been confirmed to have the function of the organ concerned and, when treated with a drug, react to the toxicity of the drug and thus may be variously employed in the development of new drugs, disease research, and the field of artificial organ development.

Abstract: Since the fat content of pork is a deciding factor in grading the quality of meat, the use of a noninvasive subcutaneous probe for real-time, in situ monitoring of the fat components is of importance to vendors and other interested parties. Fortunately, in situ, in vivo monitoring of subcutaneous fat can be accomplished with spatially offset Raman spectroscopy (SORS) using a fiber-optic probe. The probe acquires Raman spectra as a function of spatial offset. These spectra are used to determine the relative composition of fat-to-skin. The Raman intensity ratio varies disproportionately depending on the fat content, with variations in slope that are correlated to the thickness of the fat layer. Ordinary least square (OLS) regression using two components indicates that depth-resolved SORS spectra reflect the relative thickness of the fat layer.

Abstract: According to a method for determining metamorphopsia based on user interaction disclosed as an embodiment of the present invention, a test chart may be displayed to a user, an input from the user for a part which is perceived as being distorted in the displayed test chart may be received, and a metamorphopsia degree of the user may be accurately determined based on a distortion area selected according to the received input. Further, according to another embodiment of the present invention, a test chart may be displayed to a user, a response (e.g., distance values of points, an area value, etc. in a zone) for each zone for the test chart may be received from the user, and metamorphopsia of the user may be determined based on the received response.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device and a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device are provided. The liquid crystal display device includes: a base; an alignment inducing layer on the base and including a first compound represented by formula A1 or a polymer of the first compound; and a liquid crystal layer on the alignment inducing layer that includes liquid crystals: where R1 may be hydrogen or a polymerizable group, R2 may be a hydrophilic group, SP1 and SP2 may each independently be a single bond, a C1-C12 alkylene group, or a C1-C12 alkoxylene group, Z may be a single bond, an ester group, or an ether group, and X1, X2 and X3 may each independently be hydrogen, a methyl group, fluorine, or chlorine.

Abstract: A nonvolatile memory device includes a memory cell array and a row decoder. The memory cell array includes a plurality of mats. A first cell string of first mat is connected to a plurality of first word-lines, a first bit-line and a first string selection line. A second cell string of second mat is connected to a plurality of second word-lines, a second bit-line and a second string selection line. Each of the first and second cell strings includes a ground selection transistor, memory cells, and a string selection transistor coupled in series. The row decoder applies a first voltage to a third word-line among the plurality of first and second word-lines for a first period of time in a single mat mode and to apply a second voltage to the third word-line for a second period of time longer than the first period of time in a multi-mat mode.

Abstract: Disclosed is a smart factory platform for processing data obtained in a continuous process including a first process and a second process following the first process. The smart factory platform includes a distributed parallel processing system including at least one processing unit that generates mapping data by mapping a process identification (ID) to collection data collected from the continuous process and sorts the mapping data to generate sorting data, the process ID defining a process where the collection data occurs and the sorting data being generated for association processing between pieces of collection data collected from different processes; and a big data analysis system storing the sorting data with respect to the process ID.

Abstract: An LCD panel, comprises substrates facing each other, a liquid crystal layer disposed between the substrates and liquid crystal alignment layers, each sandwiched between the liquid crystal layer and a respective one of the substrates, wherein the liquid crystal alignment layers comprises hydrocarbon derivative having perfluorocarbon group.

Abstract: Provided are a fusion protein having a CCL3 variant with improved in vivo persistency, protein stability and pharmacological activity and a use thereof, more particularly, a fusion protein comprising a CCL3 variant and an immunoglobulin Fc region and a use thereof as a therapeutic agent for lymphopenia, cancer or infection, in which an N-terminal amino acid of a wild-type CCL3? or CCL3? is deleted and an amino acid at a specific position is substituted with a different amino acid at the same position of the wild-type CCL3? or CCL3? in the CCL3 variant.