Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide methods and apparatuses for security communication. A method performed by a first session management function comprises sending a first request for getting an access token for a second session management function to a network repository function. The method further comprises receiving a first response containing the access token for the second session management function or error information from the network repository function.

Abstract: Disclosed is an energy-balanced and efficient routing method that adopts a power control mechanism to reduce energy consumption, and the method involves two phases: routing establishment phase and data forwarding phase. In the routing establishment phase, a sink node broadcasts a beacon packet at a maximum transmission power to establish an initial path, and a receiving node updates the routing table according to beacon information and forwards the beacon packet. In the data forwarding phase, the present disclosure provides a new forwarding factor, which gives comprehensive consideration to energy efficiency and energy balance, selects a node with high energy efficiency and sufficient energy an optimal next-hop node, thereby extending the life cycle of the network. Further provided is a data protection and network recovery mechanism. Topological changes of the network, data forwarding failures and other problems caused by node movement can be solved.

Abstract: Disclosed are an array substrate, display panel, and display device; the array substrate includes: gate line groups, data lines, pixel electrodes, and the pixel electrodes includes: a first-type pixel electrode, and a second type pixel electrode, a light-shielding portion is on the same side of the substrate as the gate line group and is only in the area where the first type of pixel electrode is located, and the light-shielding portion includes: a first portion extending in the first direction, an orthographic projection of the first portion on the substrate passes through a central area of an orthographic projection of the first-type pixel electrode on the substrate.

Abstract: The present application provides an integrated sounding component including an upper cover, a lower cover, and a sounding unit arranged in an accommodating space enclosed by the upper cover and the lower cover, the sounding unit dividing the accommodating space into a front cavity and a rear cavity. The sounding unit includes a basket frame, a vibration system, and a magnetic circuit system. The magnetic circuit system is configured as a hollow structure, and an isolating member is provided between the magnetic circuit system and the lower cover, which isolates the hollow structure from the front cavity. The hollow structure and the isolating member together form a middle cavity in communication with the rear cavity. The integrated sounding component of the present application increases the volume of the rear cavity by providing a hollow structure in the magnetic circuit system, thereby improving the product's low frequency performance.

Abstract: Provided are a sound-generating device and an electronic terminal. The sound-generating device includes an annular housing, a lower cover fixed to a side of the housing, an upper cover extending inward from the other side of the housing and enclosing to form a sound-generating hole, and a sound-generating unit supported on and fixed to a side of the upper cover close to the lower cover and located in the housing. The sound-generating unit, the housing, and the lower cover jointly enclose a rear cavity, and a sound-generating side of the sound-generating unit directly faces the sound-generating hole. The sound-generating device further comprises an annular first silicone rubber member injection-molded into the housing, the first silicone rubber member seals and surrounds a peripheral side of the sound-generating unit, and the first silicone rubber member abuts against inner sides of both the upper cover and the housing to seal the rear cavity.

Abstract: A speaker module is disclosed. The speaker module includes a shell, a speaker unit and a ring body. The speaker unit includes a frame, a magnetic circuit system, a vibration system having a diaphragm in a ring shape surrounding the ring body. The magnetic circuit system includes a yoke and a main magnetic unit. A through hole penetrates through the yoke and the main magnetic unit and is covered by a waterproof and air-permeable membrane. The ring body is sandwiched between the main magnetic unit and the shell. The diaphragm is fixed between the frame and the main magnetic unit. The membrane, the main magnetic unit, the ring body and the shell together form a resonance cavity. An access of the ring body communicates the resonance cavity and a front cavity. The speaker module enhances the high-frequency sensitivity, and also saves the space and simplifies the production process.

Abstract: A display substrate, a manufacturing method thereof and a display device are provided. The display substrate includes a display region, a peripheral region a plurality of signal lines configured to provide signals to the display region; a plurality of contact pads configured to be electrically connected with the plurality of signal lines; at least two conductive connection lines provided on a side of the plurality of contact pads facing away from the display region. The at least two conductive connection lines include a first conductive connection line closest to the plurality of contact pads in a first direction from the display region to the peripheral region. At least part of the plurality of contact pads are provided in a first conductive layer, the first conductive connection line is provided in a second conductive layer, and the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer are different layers.

Abstract: A speaker module is disclosed. The speaker module includes a shell, a speaker unit and a ring body. The speaker unit includes a frame, a magnetic circuit system, a vibration system having a diaphragm in a ring shape surrounding the ring body. The magnetic circuit system includes a yoke and a main magnetic unit. A through hole penetrates through the yoke and the main magnetic unit and is covered by a waterproof and air-permeable membrane. The ring body is sandwiched between the main magnetic unit and the shell. The diaphragm is fixed between the frame and the main magnetic unit. The membrane, the main magnetic unit, the ring body and the shell together form a resonance cavity. An access of the ring body communicates the resonance cavity and a front cavity. The speaker module enhances the high-frequency sensitivity, and also saves the space and simplifies the production process.

Abstract: The present application provides an integrated sounding component including an upper cover, a lower cover, and a sounding unit arranged in an accommodating space enclosed by the upper cover and the lower cover, the sounding unit dividing the accommodating space into a front cavity and a rear cavity. The sounding unit includes a basket frame, a vibration system, and a magnetic circuit system. The magnetic circuit system is configured as a hollow structure, and an isolating member is provided between the magnetic circuit system and the lower cover, which isolates the hollow structure from the front cavity. The hollow structure and the isolating member together form a middle cavity in communication with the rear cavity. The integrated sounding component of the present application increases the volume of the rear cavity by providing a hollow structure in the magnetic circuit system, thereby improving the product's low frequency performance.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present disclosure provide methods and apparatuses for session service management. A method performed by a first session management function comprises determining first N4 information related to a user plane function (UPF). The first N4 information comprises an identifier of the UPF. The method further comprises sending a first message comprising the first N4 information to a second session management function.

Abstract: A driving circuit and a display device are provided. The driving circuit includes a pull-up node, an input module, a pull-up module, a first output module and a second output module; the input module is electrically connected to an input terminal and a pull-up node, and is configured to control a potential of the pull-up node under the control of an input signal provided by the input terminal; the pull-up module controls the potential of the pull-up node; the first output module outputs a first gate driving signal through the first driving output terminal under the control of the potential of the pull-up node; the second output module outputs a second gate driving signal through the second driving output terminal under the control of the potential of the pull-up node. The present disclosure may output a plurality of stages of gate driving signals and reduce the number of transistors, which is facilitate to the narrow border.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide method and apparatus for traffic probing. A method performed by a sender network function (NF) includes sending a first message to a receiver NF. The first message comprises a new HTTP header which comprises an NF instance identifier (ID) of the sender NF and an NF instance ID of the receiver NF.

Abstract: A method for subscribing to notification of a change of a network function may comprise: transmitting a subscription message to a monitoring network function; and receiving a notification from the monitoring network function to notify a change from the network function whose status is required to be monitored. The subscription message indicates a type of the network function, and further indicates an attribute of the network function. The attribute comprises a serving scope indicating one or more target served area of the network function whose status is required to be monitored. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a simple and fast implementation for subscribing notification of change of network function may be achieved. Particularly, both the response time and the accuracy of the notification about a change of a subscribed network function may be improved.

Abstract: A display substrate, a manufacturing method thereof and a display device are provided. The display substrate includes a display region, a peripheral region a plurality of signal lines configured to provide signals to the display region; a plurality of contact pads configured to be electrically connected with the plurality of signal lines; at least two conductive connection lines provided on a side of the plurality of contact pads facing away from the display region. The at least two conductive connection lines include a first conductive connection line closest to the plurality of contact pads in a first direction from the display region to the peripheral region. At least part of the plurality of contact pads are provided in a first conductive layer, the first conductive connection line is provided in a second conductive layer, and the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer are different layers.

Abstract: Provided are a method for driving a display panel, and a display device. The method includes: obtaining a gray scale value of each sub-pixels in a current row and a gray scale value of each sub-pixels in a previous row; determining a target gray scale value of each sub-pixel in the current row according to the gray scale value of each sub-pixel in the current row, the gray scale value of each sub-pixel in the previous row, and a target compensation value in a predetermined target compensation lookup table; and inputting a data voltage into a data line in the display panel according to the target gray scale value of each sub-pixel in the current row, to charge with a corresponding data voltage to each sub-pixel in the current row.

Abstract: A display substrate and a display apparatus provided by the present disclosure include a plurality of pixels arranged in an array, where each of the pixels includes a plurality of sub-pixels, each of the sub-pixels includes a first domain area and a second domain area, and the first domain area and the second domain area each has at least two orientations; a plurality of data lines, where each of the data lines is electrically connected with first domain areas and second domain areas of a same column of sub-pixels; and a plurality of discharge wires, where each of the discharge wires is electrically connected with the second domain areas of the same column of the sub-pixels, and the discharge wires are configured for providing at least two direct current signals to two adjacent columns of pixels.

Abstract: A driving circuit and a display device are provided. The driving circuit includes a pull-up node, an input module, a pull-up module, a first output module and a second output module; the input module is electrically connected to an input terminal and a pull-up node, and is configured to control a potential of the pull-up node under the control of an input signal provided by the input terminal; the pull-up module controls the potential of the pull-up node; the first output module outputs a first gate driving signal through the first driving output terminal under the control of the potential of the pull-up node; the second output module outputs a second gate driving signal through the second driving output terminal under the control of the potential of the pull-up node. The present disclosure may output a plurality of stages of gate driving signals and reduce the number of transistors, which is facilitate to the narrow border.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for session management function reselection. A method performed by an access and mobility function includes selecting a second session management function (SMF) to serve a session of a user equipment (UE). The session of the UE is currently served by a first SMF and an access network. The method further includes sending a create session management context request comprising a reason of selecting the second SMF to serve the session of the UE to the second SMF. The reason indicates that the session of the UE is still served by the access network. The method further includes receiving a create session management context response comprising a session resource modify request from the second SMF. The session resource modify request includes access network tunnel information of the access network. The method further includes sending the session resource modify request to the access network.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provides a method and an apparatus for subscribing a notification of a change of a network function. A method for subscribing to notification of a change of a network function may comprise: transmitting (S101) a subscription message to a monitoring network function; and receiving (S102) a notification from the monitoring network function to notify a change from the network function whose status is required to be monitored. The subscription message indicates of the network function. The attribute comprises a serving scope indicating one or more target served area of the network function whose status is required to be monitored. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a simple and fast implementation for subscribing notification of change of network function may be achieved. Particularly, both the response time and the accuracy of the notification about a change of a subscribed network function may be improved.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present disclosure provide methods and apparatuses for session service management. A method performed by a first session management function comprises determining first N4 information related to a user plane function (UPF). The first N4 information comprises an identifier of the UPF. The method further comprises sending a first message comprising the first N4 information to a second session management function.