Abstract: An improved electrolyte including a fire-retardant additive suitable for application in wide temperature cell and/or battery operation with safer cell design, a battery including the electrolyte and a separator optionally containing a fire-retardant additive, improved electrical and thermal conductive electrodes are disclosed. The presence of the fire-retardant additive reduces flammability of the electrolyte and improved the overall safety of the battery.

Abstract: An improved electrolyte including a strontium additive suitable for lithium-sulfur batteries, a battery including the electrolyte, and a battery including a separator containing a strontium additive are disclosed. The presence of the strontium additive reduces sulfur-containing deposits on the battery anode, thereby providing a battery with relatively high energy density and good partial discharge performance.

Abstract: An improved electrolyte including a fire-retardant additive suitable for application in wide temperature cell and/or battery operation with safer cell design, a battery including the electrolyte and a separator optionally containing a fire-retardant additive, improved electrical and thermal conductive electrodes are disclosed. The presence of the fire-retardant additive reduces flammability of the electrolyte and improved the overall safety of the battery.

Abstract: The disclosure provides for nanosized Li2S materials, the carbon coating of the Li2S materials, and composites comprising the nanosized Li2S materials and one or more conductive coatings. The disclosure further provides that these nanosized Li2S containing materials or composite made thereof can be used in a variety of applications, including for use in Li/S batteries.

Abstract: An improved lithium-sulfur battery containing a surface-functionalized carbonaceous material. The presence of the surface-functionalized carbonaceous material generates weak chemical bonds between the functional groups of the surface-functionalized carbonaceous material and the functional groups of the polysulfides, which prevents the polysulfide migration to the battery anode, thereby providing a battery with relatively high energy density and good partial discharge efficiency.

Abstract: An improved lithium-sulfur battery containing a surface-functionalized carbonaceous material. The presence of the surface-functionalized carbonaceous material generates weak chemical bonds between the functional groups of the surface-functionalized carbonaceous material and the functional groups of the polysulfides, which prevents the polysulfide migration to the battery anode, thereby providing a battery with relatively high energy density and good partial discharge efficiency.

Abstract: An improved electrolyte including a strontium additive suitable for lithium-sulfur batteries, a battery including the electrolyte, and a battery including a separator containing a strontium additive are disclosed. The presence of the strontium additive reduces sulfur-containing deposits on the battery anode, thereby providing a battery with relatively high energy density and good partial discharge performance.

Abstract: Method of forming lithium-containing electrolytes are provided using wet chemical synthesis. In some examples, the lithium containing electrolytes are composed of ?-Li3PS4 or Li4P2S7. The solid electrolyte may be a core shell material. In one embodiment, the core shell material includes a core of lithium sulfide (Li2S), a first shell of ?-Li3PS4 or Li4P2S7, and a second shell including one of ?-Li3PS4 or Li4P2S7 and carbon. The lithium containing electrolytes may be incorporated into wet cell batteries or solid state batteries.

Abstract: Method of forming lithium-containing electrolytes are provided using wet chemical synthesis. In some examples, the lithium containing electrolytes are composed of ?-Li3PS4 or Li4P2S7. The solid electrolyte may be a core shell material. In one embodiment, the core shell material includes a core of lithium sulfide (Li2S), a first shell of ?-Li3PS4 or Li4P2S7, and a second shell including one of ?-Li3PS4 or Li4P2S7 and carbon. The lithium containing electrolytes may be incorporated into wet cell batteries or solid state batteries.

Abstract: Method of forming lithium-containing electrolytes are provided using wet chemical synthesis. In some examples, the lithium containing electrolytes are composed of ?-Li3PS4 or Li4P2S7. The solid electrolyte may be a core shell material. In one embodiment, the core shell material includes a core of lithium sulfide (Li2S), a first shell of ?-Li3PS4 or Li4P2S7, and a second shell including one of ?-Li3PS4 or Li4P2S7 and carbon. The lithium containing electrolytes may be incorporated into wet cell batteries or solid state batteries.

Abstract: Hydrogenated trimetallic nitride endohedral metallofullerenes and various methods for producing these hydrogenated compounds are described. The hydrogenated trimetallic nitride endohedral metallofullerenes may be partially or fully hydrogenated. In some embodiments, the hydrogenated trimetallic nitride endohedral metallofullerenes exhibits increased water solubility. The hydrogenated trimetallic nitride endohedral metallofullerenes may be a potential source of hydrogen for fuel cell applications, as well as possess a number of potentially useful biological, magnetic, electronic, and chemical properties, with some being useful as MRI contrast agents.