Abstract: An electrical element which comprises at least one circuit component consisting of a solid ionic conductor, and wherein the electron flow through the ionic conductor is supressed without substantially hindering the ion flow therethrough, by at least one pn junction formed across the direction of ion flow. The pn junction is formed by at least one of p-conductive and n-conductive zones in or adjoining the ionic conductor and which is capable of being reversed-biased relative to the electron flow. The p-conductive and n-conductive zones comprise a material conductive of the same ions as the ionic conductor.