Abstract: A method is disclosed for generating a 3D printing file containing an object model of a part having a body and an integral electronic component. To generate the 3D printing file, a processor receives at least one geometry specification of the part to be printed and at least one component performance property of the electronic component to be printed integral to the part. An object model is determined by the processor in accordance with the at least one geometry specification of a part to be printed, the at least one component performance property of an electronic component to be printed, and at least one material property of an electronic component printing material of a 3D printer. The 3D printing file is generated by the processor and comprises the object model.

Abstract: A 3D printer is disclosed herein. The 3D printer comprises a build material distributor to generate layers of a build material having a right limit temperature of the build material crystallization curve higher than a left limit temperature of the build material fusing curve. The 3D printer also comprises an agent distributor to selectively deposit an energy absorbent fusing agent to a layer of build material; an energy source to emit energy at a set of wavelengths comprised in the range of 430 to 1200 nm; and a controller. The controller is to receive print job data of a 3D object to be generated; control the build material distributor to generate a layer of build material; control the agent distributor to selectively deposit the fusing agent based on the print job data; and to control the energy source to emit energy to the layer of build material to cause build material on which the fusing agent was deposited to melt, coalesce and then solidify upon cooling.

Abstract: A method and system for a three dimensional printing system are described herein. In one example, the three dimensional printing system has a moveable carriage, an array of laser modules and a print controller. In this example, the moveable carriage has a print head arranged to selectively deposit a printing agent on to a layer of build material as the moveable carriage is moved relative to the layer of build material. The printing agent controls localized fusing of the build material on application of energy. The print controller is communicatively coupled to the array of laser modules and controls activation of individual laser modules of the array of laser modules so as to apply, selectively, energy to addressable sub-regions of the layer of build material on which printing agent has been deposited to control fusing together with the deposited printing agent.

Abstract: A method and system for a three dimensional printing system are described herein. In one example, the three dimensional printing system has a moveable carriage, an array of laser modules and a print controller. In this example, the moveable carriage has a print head arranged to selectively deposit a printing agent on to a layer of build material as the moveable carriage is moved relative to the layer of build material. The printing agent controls localized fusing of the build material on application of energy. The print controller is communicatively coupled to the array of laser modules and controls activation of individual laser modules of the array of laser modules so as to apply, selectively, energy to addressable sub-regions of the layer of build material on which printing agent has been deposited to control fusing together with the deposited printing agent.

Abstract: A method and system for a three dimensional printing system are described herein. In one example, the three dimensional printing system has a moveable carriage, an array of laser modules and a print controller. In this example, the moveable carriage has a print head arranged to selectively deposit a printing agent on to a layer of build material as the moveable carriage is moved relative to the layer of build material. The printing agent controls localized fusing of the build material on application of energy. The print controller is communicatively coupled to the array of laser modules and controls activation of individual laser modules of the array of laser modules so as to apply, selectively, energy to addressable sub-regions of the layer of build material on which printing agent has been deposited to control fusing together with the deposited printing agent.

Abstract: A printing unit comprises a movable carriage being movable along a path and having a plurality of energy emitters arranged in an array, a controller to control a supplied energy level of the emitters, and a sensor unit to measure an emitted energy level of each emitter, wherein the controller is to compare the measured energy level with a target energy level associated with the supplied energy level to obtain and to generate a matrix indicating a compensation value for each emitter based on the comparison result so as to calibrate the energy level of comparison result.

Abstract: A method and system for a three dimensional printing system are described herein. In one example, the three dimensional printing system has a moveable carriage, an array of laser modules and a print controller. In this example, the moveable carriage has a print head arranged to selectively deposit a printing agent on to a layer of build material as the moveable carriage is moved relative to the layer of build material. The printing agent controls localized fusing of the build material on application of energy. The print controller is communicatively coupled to the array of laser modules and controls activation of individual laser modules of the array of laser modules so as to apply, selectively, energy to addressable sub-regions of the layer of build material on which printing agent has been deposited to control fusing together with the deposited printing agent.

Abstract: Example implementations relate to an apparatus to control supplying power to a linear load; the power having a predetermined current profile; the apparatus comprising a controller to establish synchronisation information associated with an AC input voltage of an AC supply; and produce at least one pulse width modulation signal in response to the synchronisation information and a target instantaneous current of the predetermined current profile; and at least one output to output the at least one pulse width modulation signal to a current modulator for controlling current to the linear load.

Abstract: According to one example, there is provided a method of additive manufacturing that comprises obtaining data relating to a 3D object to be manufactured, forming a layer of build material on a build platform, applying a cooling agent in a pattern surrounding a portion of build material to be solidified, and applying energy only to the build material on which cooling agent is applied and to the surrounded portion of build material such that the surrounded portion of build material heats up sufficiently to coalesces, and such that build material on which cooling agent is applied is cooled by the cooling agent and is prevented from heating up sufficiently to coalesce.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for generating a 3D printing file containing an object model of a part having a body and an integral electronic component. To generate the 3D printing file, a processor receives at least one geometry specification of the part to be printed and at least one component performance property of the electronic component to be printed integral to the part. An object model is determined by the processor in accordance with the at least one geometry specification of a part to be printed, the at least one component performance property of an electronic component to be printed, and at least one material property of an electronic component printing material of a 3D printer. The 3D printing file is generated by the processor and comprises the object model.

Abstract: Electrical resistor heating with an electrical resistor heating circuitry which includes an AC power source of at least one phase, a plurality of heating resistors provided in a spatial arrangement, and switches to connect the AC power source with the heating resistors generating ON and OFF power states. Power scheduling is provided to adjust the power fed from the AC power source to the heating resistors at a desired partial-power level by ON/OFF switching a number of switches, wherein the power scheduling causes at least some of the switches to switch between the ON and OFF states in a staggered manner so that energization of the partial-power level of different resistors takes place, at least partially, non-simultaneously.

Abstract: Methods for curing ink printed on a print medium are disclosed. The methods comprise heating air to a temperature suitable for curing the ink, and blowing the air through a plurality of holes onto the print medium.

Abstract: Electrical resistor heating with an electrical resistor heating circuitry which includes an AC power source of at least one phase, a plurality of heating resistors provided in a spatial arrangement, and switches to connect the AC power source with the heating resistors generating ON and OFF power states. Power scheduling is provided to adjust the power fed from the AC power source to the heating resistors at a desired partial-power level by ON/OFF switching a number of switches, wherein the power scheduling causes at least some of the switches to switch between the ON and OFF states in a staggered manner so that energization of the partial-power level of different resistors takes place, at least partially, non-simultaneously.

Abstract: Electrical resistor heating with an electrical resistor heating circuitry which includes an AC power source of at least one phase, a plurality of heating resistors provided in a spatial arrangement, and switches to connect the AC power source with the heating resistors generating ON and OFF power states. Power scheduling is provided to adjust the power fed from the AC power source to the heating resistors at a desired partial-power level by ON/OFF switching a number of switches, wherein the power scheduling causes at least some of the switches to switch between the ON and OFF states in a staggered manner so that energization of the partial-power level of different resistors takes place, at least partially, non-simultaneously.

Abstract: Printing apparatus (10) including a controller (12) to control supply of at least a first predetermined amount of power to a first heater (18) while the first heater is moving through a print zone (40), and to control supply of at least a second predetermined amount of power to the first heater (18) while the first heater is outside of the print zone (38), the second predetermined amount of power being less than the first predetermined amount of power.

Abstract: Electrical resistor heating with an electrical resistor heating circuitry which includes an AC power source of at least one phase, a plurality of heating resistors provided in a spatial arrangement, and switches to connect the AC power source with the heating resistors generating ON and OFF power states. Power scheduling is provided to adjust the power fed from the AC power source to the heating resistors at a desired partial-power level by ON/OFF switching a number of switches, wherein the power scheduling causes at least some of the switches to switch between the ON and OFF states in a staggered manner so that energization of the partial-power level of different resistors takes place, at least partially, non-simultaneously.

Abstract: Methods for curing ink printed on a print medium are disclosed. The methods comprise heating air to a temperature suitable for curing the ink, and blowing the air through a plurality of holes onto the print medium.

Abstract: Methods for curing ink printed on a print medium are disclosed. The methods comprise heating air to a temperature suitable for curing the ink, and blowing the air through a plurality of holes onto the print medium.

Abstract: A printing apparatus includes a carriage, a first detector module, and a second detector module. The carriage may selectively move a fluid applicator along a scanning path in a first scanning direction and a second scanning direction across a print zone to print on a media therein. The first detector module and second detector module may be coupled to the carriage. Further, the first detector module may include a first receiver and a first source to form a first detection region there between downstream of the carriage in the first scanning direction to detect an object therein. The second detector module may include a second receiver and a second source to form a second detection region there between downstream of the carriage in the second scanning direction to detect an object therein.

Abstract: A printer comprises a heating system to produce a hot-air flowimpinging on a print media, the heating system comprising a heat source, a fan, and an air chamber. The air chamber has an air-impinging plate with air-impinging holes adjacent to the print media. The heating system provides first and second partially overlapping hot-air circulation circuits. The first hot-air circulation circuit leads from the heater through the holes of the air-impinging plate to direct hot air through the air-impinging holes to the print media in the course of printing operation. The second hot-air circulation circuit leads back to the heater through a recirculation channel without passing through the air-impinging holes of the air-impinging plate to prevent air from being directed onto the print media, in the course of the heat-up operation. The heating system further comprises circuit-switching arranged to switch the air flow between the first and second hot-air circulation circuits.