Abstract: A VCSEL for emitting laser light includes a main element which has a mesa portion. The mesa portion includes a stack of different layers stacked in a stacking direction. An emission region is formed on a top surface of the mesa portion. Laser light generated in an active layer in the stack emerges from the emission region. Electrical contacts for feeding electrical energy into the active layer are provided on the main element. At least one side portion of an electrical contact of the electrical contacts is arranged on a side surface of the main element. The side surface is oriented transversely with respect to the layers.

Abstract: The present application discloses techniques for processing service requests based on risk. One example method includes: receiving a service processing request including service data; performing risk identification on the service processing request based on a stored risk identification rule or a stored risk identification model with reference to the service data to generate a risk identification result; determining that the risk identification result is an indefinite result; and in response to determining that the risk identification result is the indefinite result, sending a risk identification request that comprises the service data to a cloud risk identification system, wherein the risk identification request is configured to request the cloud risk identification system to perform risk identification on the service processing request.

Abstract: The present application discloses example methods, computer-readable mediums, and systems for controlling service operation risks. In one example, method, an application program on an end-user device monitors a service operation initiated by a user for invoking offline service information. After the service operation is monitored, it is determined whether the service operation is a risky operation based on recorded historical operation data and at least one of a predetermined risk evaluation rule or a risk evaluation model. In response to determining that the service operation is a risky operation, a refusal to invoke the offline service information is performed. In response to determining that the service operation is not a risky operation, the offline service information is invoked.

Abstract: The present application discloses example methods, computer-readable mediums, and systems for controlling service operation risks. In one example, method, an application program on an end-user device monitors a service operation initiated by a user for invoking offline service information. After the service operation is monitored, it is determined whether the service operation is a risky operation based on recorded historical operation data and at least one of a predetermined risk evaluation rule or a risk evaluation model. In response to determining that the service operation is a risky operation, a refusal to invoke the offline service information is performed. In response to determining that the service operation is not a risky operation, the offline service information is invoked.

Abstract: The present application discloses techniques for processing service requests based on risk. One example method includes: receiving a service processing request including service data; performing risk identification on the service processing request based on a stored risk identification rule or a stored risk identification model with reference to the service data to generate a risk identification result; determining that the risk identification result is an indefinite result; and in response to determining that the risk identification result is the indefinite result, sending a risk identification request that comprises the service data to a cloud risk identification system, wherein the risk identification request is configured to request the cloud risk identification system to perform risk identification on the service processing request.

Abstract: The present application discloses example methods, computer-readable mediums, and systems for controlling service operation risks. In one example, method, an application program on an end-user device monitors a service operation initiated by a user for invoking offline service information. After the service operation is monitored, it is determined whether the service operation is a risky operation based on recorded historical operation data and at least one of a predetermined risk evaluation rule or a risk evaluation model. In response to determining that the service operation is a risky operation, a refusal to invoke the offline service information is performed. In response to determining that the service operation is not a risky operation, the offline service information is invoked.

Abstract: A method for risk feature screening comprises: acquiring respective feature weights of a plurality of risk features, wherein the feature weights are either obtained by using a classification model trained using sample events or predefined, and wherein the classification model is configured to determine risk events; and selecting at least a part of the plurality of risk features through screening according to the feature weights and a predetermined constraint for limiting the length of a message generated based on the risk features.

Abstract: The invention describes a printed circuit board with a top side and a bottom side, the printed circuit board comprising at least two electrically conductive layers (112, 114, 116, 212, 214, 312, 314, 212i, 214i, 212j, 214j) for transmitting electrical current and at least one electrically insulating layer (102, 104, 106, 108, 202, 204, 302, 304, 202i, 204i, 202j, 204j) comprising electrically insulating material, wherein the electrically conductive layers (112, 114, 116, 212, 214, 312, 314, 212i, 214i, 212j, 214j) and the electrically insulating layer (102, 104, 106, 108, 202, 204, 302, 304, 202i, 204i, 202j, 204j) are arranged in an alternating assembly such that the two electrically conductive layers (112, 114, 116, 212, 214, 312, 314, 212i, 214i, 212j, 214j) are electrically insulated with respect to each other by means of the electrically insulating layer (102, 104, 106, 108, 202, 204, 302, 304, 202i, 204i, 202j, 204j), wherein each of the electrically conductive layers (112, 114, 116, 212, 214, 312, 314,

Abstract: The invention describes a printed circuit board with a top side and a bottom side, the printed circuit board comprising at least two electrically conductive layers (112, 114, 116, 212, 214, 312, 314, 212i, 214i, 212j, 214j) for transmitting electrical current and at least one electrically insulating layer (102, 104, 106, 108, 202, 204, 302, 304, 202i, 204i, 202j, 204j) comprising electrically insulating material, wherein the electrically conductive layers (112, 114, 116, 212, 214, 312, 314, 212i, 214i, 212j, 214j) and the electrically insulating layer (102, 104, 106, 108, 202, 204, 302, 304, 202i, 204i, 202j, 204j) are arranged in an alternating assembly such that the two electrically conductive layers (112, 114, 116, 212, 214, 312, 314, 212i, 214i, 212j, 214j) are electrically insulated with respect to each other by means of the electrically insulating layer (102, 104, 106, 108, 202, 204, 302, 304, 202i, 204i, 202j, 204j), wherein each of the electrically conductive layers (112, 114, 116, 212, 214, 312, 314,