Abstract: The present invention discloses a graphene cochlear implant electrode and a fabrication method thereof. The electrode comprises a tip portion, bendable portions, contact electrodes, an electrode carrier and wire electrodes, wherein the tip portion is disposed at forepart of the cochlear implant electrode, the electrode carrier wraps the wire electrodes and half wraps the contact electrodes connected to the wire electrodes one by one, and each bendable portion is an annular groove disposed on the electrode carrier; each contact electrode comprises an inner contact and an outer contact, when bending, the inner contact faces the modiolus while the outer contact faces away from the modiolus; and each wire electrode is wavy.

Abstract: Disclosed are a graphene oxide cochlear implant electrode and a manufacturing method thereof. The graphene oxide cochlear implant electrode includes an electrode tip, an electrode carrier, electrode contacts, a first positioning ring, a second positioning ring, a boosting portion, an electrode wire, a loop electrode, a loop electrode wire and a wire array, herein the electrode tip is arranged at a foremost portion of the cochlear implant electrode, the electrode carrier is silica gel grafted with a graphene oxide, the electrode carrier wraps the electrode wire and semi-wraps the electrode contacts connected to the electrode wire one by one, and the electrode carrier is slightly curved as a whole; and the electrode wire is connected to the electrode contacts one by one and forms a spiral shape through the first positioning ring, the second positioning ring and the boosting portion.

Abstract: A millimeter-wave active antenna unit and an interconnection structure between PCBs is provided. The interconnection structure between PCBs comprises a mainboard and an AIP antenna module. The mainboard is a first multilayer PCB on which a signal transmission line and a first pad electrically connected to the signal transmission line are provided. The AIP antenna module is a second multilayer PCB on which a second pad, an impedance matching transformation branch, an impedance line and a signal processing circuit are provided. The mainboard and the AIP antenna module are interconnected by directly welding multiple PCBs.

Abstract: A millimeter-wave active antenna unit and an interconnection structure between PCBs is provided. The interconnection structure between PCBs comprises a mainboard and an AIP antenna module. The mainboard is a first multilayer PCB on which a signal transmission line and a first pad electrically connected to the signal transmission line are provided. The AIP antenna module is a second multilayer PCB on which a second pad, an impedance matching transformation branch, an impedance line and a signal processing circuit are provided. The mainboard and the AIP antenna module are interconnected by directly welding multiple PCBs.

Abstract: Disclosed are a graphene oxide cochlear implant electrode and a manufacturing method thereof. The graphene oxide cochlear implant electrode includes an electrode tip, an electrode carrier, electrode contacts, a first positioning ring, a second positioning ring, a boosting portion, an electrode wire, a loop electrode, a loop electrode wire and a wire array, herein the electrode tip is arranged at a foremost portion of the cochlear implant electrode, the electrode carrier is silica gel grafted with a graphene oxide, the electrode carrier wraps the electrode wire and semi-wraps the electrode contacts connected to the electrode wire one by one, and the electrode carrier is slightly curved as a whole; and the electrode wire is connected to the electrode contacts one by one and forms a spiral shape through the first positioning ring, the second positioning ring and the boosting portion.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a graphene cochlear implant electrode and a fabrication method thereof. The electrode comprises a tip portion, bendable portions, contact electrodes, an electrode carrier and wire electrodes, wherein the tip portion is disposed at forepart of the cochlear implant electrode, the electrode carrier wraps the wire electrodes and half wraps the contact electrodes connected to the wire electrodes one by one, and each bendable portion is an annular groove disposed on the electrode carrier; each contact electrode comprises an inner contact and an outer contact, when bending, the inner contact faces the modulus while the outer contact faces away from the modulus; and each wire electrode is wavy.

Abstract: A method supports scalable and reliable multicast in a wireless network with a large bandwidth-delay product. In this method, acknowledgement packets from different receivers experiencing the same number of data packets lost are assigned the same time slots. This method can be combined with other loss recovery techniques, such as forward error correction (FEC) recovery, proactive protection, feedback suppression and collision detection. Scalability is achieved as bandwidth usage relates only to the number of packets transmitted, rather than the number of receivers.

Abstract: Methods for increasing power saving in a station that sends or receives frames in an ad hoc wireless network (e.g., IBSS), while allowing the station to enter a power-saving mode quickly upon completion of scheduled tasks. At the same time, a method of the present invention allows two stations in the ad hoc wireless network to infer each other's power management mode without requiring an ATIM/ACK exchange between the STAs within an ATIM window. Consequently, a station may enter a power-saving mode promptly without impairing the station's ability to receive packets. In one embodiment, a “more data” field is used between stations to exchange information. Stations with various computation abilities provide information under different time constraints. The stations may enter power-saving modes that send multicast/broadcast frames or use promiscuous mode within an ATIM window.

Abstract: A method, system, and business model are disclosed for supporting handover between a mobile host and a corresponding node located in a heterogeneous network. Handover paths are established to accommodate a plurality of quality of service properties. Admission control is performed that considers the established handover paths and an established first reservation path. Gateways are contacted to determine a handover path to use. The determined handover path is used to support vertical handover. A second reservation path is established while maintaining the first reservation path and the handover path.

Abstract: Channel scanning for wireless networks, such as Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs), generally provides a wireless station with the information on the available WLAN resources, such as the frequency band and the maximum transmission power. The present invention provides safe and fast domain-aware channel scanning, enabling a wireless station to comply with applicable local regulations, in spite of the possibility of domain changes, with short channel-scanning time. Fast channel scanning is accomplished by active channel scanning if valid domain information is available and there is no possibility of domain change. Also, domain-independent channels, if any, are first scanned using active scan to get domain information faster.

Abstract: A method supports scalable and reliable multicast in a wireless network with a large bandwidth-delay product. In this method, acknowledgement packets from different receivers experiencing the same number of data packets lost are assigned the same time slots. This method can be combined with other loss recovery techniques, such as forward error correction (FEC) recovery, proactive protection, feedback suppression and collision detection. Scalability is achieved as bandwidth usage relates only to the number of packets transmitted, rather than the number of receivers.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems and methods for communicating a number of data flows on a single communications channel. In one embodiment, a method of communicating a number of data flows on a shared communications channel includes the acts of (1) calculating a set of optimum goodput rates for the data flows, in order to maximize a total utility of the data flows, (2) calculating a set of optimum throughput rates for the data flows based on the optimum goodput rates, and (3) transmitting the data flows on the shared communications channel with the optimized throughput rates. Optimization is preferably done using utility functions that indicate the utility of the data flows as a function of their goodput rates. The method can additionally block temporarily a transport layer of at least one of the data flows if the transport layer of that data flow is bottlenecked.

Abstract: A method supports scalable and reliable multicast in a wireless network with a large bandwidth-delay product. In this method, acknowledgement packets from different receivers experiencing the same number of data packets lost are assigned the same time slots. This method can be combined with other loss recovery techniques, such as forward error correction (FEC) recovery, proactive protection, feedback suppression and collision detection. Scalability is achieved as bandwidth usage relates only to the number of packets transmitted, rather than the number of receivers.

Abstract: A method for maintaining a quality of service in a wireless communication network is introduced. A reservation is created in a first data path between a home agent and a first foreign agent for data flow between the home agent and a wireless terminal. When the wireless terminal associates with a second foreign agent, a quality of service supportive second data path may be created between the first foreign agent and the second foreign agent. The data flow may be routed over the first and second data paths to maintain the quality of service for the data flow. A wireless communication network may include first downstream and reverse tunnels coupling a home agent and a first foreign agent, each tunnel having a reservation to maintain a quality of service. Second downstream and reverse tunnels may couple a home agent and a second foreign agent.

Abstract: A method for power saving in an ad hoc wireless computer network determines an optimal ATIM message exchange window. The method (a) determines an effective number of nodes that participate in exchanges of ATIM messages during an ATIM window; (b) using the effective number of nodes, calculating a length for a data frame transmission window; and (c) calculates a length for the ATIM window using the calculated data frame transmission window. In one instance, the method determines the effective number of nodes based on the number of senders of ATIM messages. In another instance, the effective number of nodes is determined based on both senders and recipients of the ATIM messages. The method may determine the effective number of nodes from a number of successful ATIM message transmissions in a given time period. The calculated ATIM window size can be provided as an initial value to other methods that dynamically adjust the ATIM window size.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed to support power saving states of a beacon station in an ad hoc wireless local area network (WLAN). Some of the methods allow exchanging power management information among stations in the wireless network and to allow beacon station handovers. In some methods, always-on stations are given a higher priority to become a beacon station or a beacon station handover destination. The methods achieve good power saving while minimizing beacon handover frequency.

Abstract: Methods for increasing power saving in a station that sends or receives frames in an ad hoc wireless network (e.g., IBSS), while allowing the station to enter a power-saving mode quickly upon completion of scheduled tasks. At the same time, a method of the present invention allows two stations in the ad hoc wireless network to infer each other's power management mode without requiring an ATIM/ACK exchange between the STAs within an ATIM window. Consequently, a station may enter a power-saving mode promptly without impairing the station's ability to receive packets. In one embodiment, a “more data” field is used between stations to exchange information. Stations with various computation abilities provide information under different time constraints. The stations may enter power-saving modes that send multicast/broadcast frames or use promiscuous mode within an ATIM window.

Abstract: A method, system, and business model are disclosed for supporting handover between a mobile host and a corresponding node located in a heterogeneous network. Handover paths are established to accommodate a plurality of quality of service properties. Admission control is performed that considers the established handover paths and an established first reservation path. Gateways are contacted to determine a handover path to use. The determined handover path is used to support vertical handover. A second reservation path is established while maintaining the first reservation path and the handover path.

Abstract: A method supports scalable and reliable multicast in a wireless network with a large bandwidth-delay product. In this method, acknowledgement packets from different receivers experiencing the same number of data packets lost are assigned the same time slots. This method can be combined with other loss recovery techniques, such as forward error correction (FEC) recovery, proactive protection, feedback suppression and collision detection. Scalability is achieved as bandwidth usage relates only to the number of packets transmitted, rather than the number of receivers.

Abstract: A method, system, and business model are disclosed for supporting handover between a mobile host and a corresponding node located in a heterogeneous network. Handover paths are established to accommodate a plurality of quality of service properties. Admission control is performed that considers the established handover paths and an established first reservation path. Gateways are contacted to determine a handover path to use. The determined handover path is used to support vertical handover. A second reservation path is established while maintaining the first reservation path and the handover path.