Abstract: The present invention discloses a xylose hydrolysate decolorization and filtration device. A hydrolysate is filtered through a to-be-cleaned filtering machine to form a waste carbon liquid with a light transmittance of 7% to 10%, the waste carbon liquid is subjected to pressure filtration through a filter press to form a plate and frame liquid, the plate and frame liquid is filtered through a to-be-passed-through filtering machine to form a pre-decolorized liquid with a light transmittance of 30% to 35%, the pre-decolorized liquid enters a decolorization tank and is mixed with added new carbon in the decolorization tank to form a new carbon liquid, and the new carbon liquid is filtered through a standby filtering machine to form a decolorized liquid with a light transmittance of greater than 65%. The present invention further discloses a xylose hydrolysate decolorization and filtration method using the device.