Abstract: A hot-standby redundancy control system is disclosed. In an embodiment, the system includes multiple primary control apparatuses, each respectively running a process of the hot-standby redundancy control system; a backup control apparatus pool including at least one industrial personal computer (IPC), with multiple virtual control apparatuses being established on at least one IPC, and the multiple virtual control apparatuses established being in one-to-one correspondence with the multiple primary control apparatuses, and each respective multiple virtual control apparatus running a same process as a respective corresponding primary control apparatus; a control bus, to connect one or more of the t least one IPC in the multiple primary control apparatuses and the backup control apparatus pool; and a field bus, to connect one or more of the at least one IPC in the multiple primary control apparatuses and the backup control apparatus pool and multiple field apparatuses.

Abstract: A fabrication method for a semiconductor structure is provided. The method includes: forming a base substrate; forming gate structures on the base substrate where each gate structure includes a first gate portion with first doping ions on the base substrate and a second gate portion on the first gate portion; forming a metal layer on the second gate portions; and forming a metal silicide layer by reacting a portion of the metal layer with each second gate portion through an annealing process. When forming the metal silicide layers, a reaction between the metal layer and the second gate portions has a first reacting rate and a reaction between the metal layer and the first gate portions has a second reacting rate; and the second reacting rate is smaller than the first reacting rate.

Abstract: Properties of a geological formation, such as vertical resistivity values, horizontal resistivity values, dip, and azimuth may be determined by inverting electromagnetic (EM) well log data based at least in part on an anisotropic formation model and a cost function. The cost function may include a data misfit term, a smoothness term, and an entropy term. In some embodiments, one or more of the data misfit term, the smoothness term, and the entropy term may be represented as functions of vertical conductivity and horizontal conductivity. The cost function may include one or more regularization parameters that are based at least in part on the data misfit term. Further, the cost function may include one or more relaxation factors that are based at least in part on a ratio of the Hessians of the smoothness term and the data misfit term.

Abstract: An analog to digital converting module includes a comparator, at least one digital to analog convertor, and a reference buffer. The comparator is configured to compare a first input signal and a second input signal so as to output a comparing signal. The at least one at least one digital to analog convertor includes at least one capacitor. The reference buffer is configured to provide a reference signal. The at least one digital to analog convertor receives the reference signal such that a ripple signal is generated according to a change of a voltage of the reference signal. The capacitance of the capacitor of the at least one digital to analog convertor is adjusted based on the ripple signal.

Abstract: Systems and methods relying on recognition of a pattern in a data stream, such as detecting a hotword in an audio data stream are sensitive to latency (e.g., response time). To reduce power consumption, a low power processor may be used in combination with a higher power speech recognition device. When the hotword is detected by the low power signal processor, the primary speech recognition device is signaled to wake up and begin emptying a buffer storing the hotword and subsequent audio data. Latency is the delay incurred to recognize the hotword and begin emptying the buffer. To catch-up and reduce the latency, the buffer is drained at a faster rate than the buffer is filled until a latency reduction trigger is received. The latency reduction trigger is generated when the latency has been reduced to a predetermined level.

Abstract: The invention provides a detection circuit for detecting light-off modes performed by a silicon-controlled dimmer which comprises a voltage detection circuit receiving an output signal and generating a voltage detection signal according to the output signal, and a delay circuit connected to the voltage detection circuit, receiving the voltage detection signal, and delaying the voltage detection signal in order to output a detection signal. The invention detects the output signal through the voltage detection circuit, and delays the detected voltage detection signal to output the corresponding detection signal, and then the detection signal effectively distinguishes the light-off modes performed by the silicon-controlled dimmer to meet requirements of users.

Abstract: An electrical contact for extending through a hole in the printed circuit board in an insertion direction, includes a retention plate and a leg extending therefrom. The leg includes an insertion section and a deformation section. The deformation section includes a pair of opposite wide side faces in a first direction perpendicular to the insertion direction, and a pair of opposite narrow side faces in a second direction perpendicular to both the insertion direction and the first direction, and a cavity recessed from one wide side face in the first direction. The cavity forms a first end located closer to the insertion end of the leg in the insertion direction and equipped with a cone shape thereof, and a second end located opposite to the first end and closer to a rectangular retention section and equipped with an arc shape thereof. The cavity forms a trapezoidal cross-section.

Abstract: Flash memory devices and fabrication methods thereof are provided. An exemplary method includes providing discrete bit lines on a semiconductor substrate, a first dielectric layer on top surfaces of the bit lines, and a floating gate structure on the first dielectric layer, trenches being formed between adjacent bit lines and on the semiconductor substrate; forming a sacrificial layer with a top surface above the top surfaces of the bit lines in the trenches; forming a second dielectric layer on top and side surfaces of the floating gate structure and the top surface of the sacrificial layer; forming a control gate structure on the second dielectric layer; removing portions of the second dielectric layer, the floating gate structure and the first dielectric layer to expose a portion of the sacrificial layer; and removing the sacrificial layer from the adjacent bit lines and the semiconductor substrate, thereby forming air gaps.

Abstract: A digital-to-analog converter (DAC) device includes a DAC circuitry and a calibration circuitry. The DAC circuitry includes first and second DAC circuits which generate first and second signals according to an input pattern. The input pattern includes at least one of first logic value and at least one of second logic value that have different numbers. The calibration circuitry performs a calibration operation according to first and second comparison results, to generate a control signal for controlling the second DAC circuit. The first comparison results are comparison results of the first and the second signals when the input pattern is a first pattern, the second comparison results are comparison results of the first and the second signals when the input pattern is a second pattern, and the first pattern is inverse to the second pattern.

Abstract: An analog to digital converting module includes a comparator, at least one digital to analog convertor, and a reference buffer. The comparator is configured to compare a first input signal and a second input signal so as to output a comparing signal. The at least one at least one digital to analog convertor includes at least one capacitor. The reference buffer is configured to provide a reference signal. The at least one digital to analog convertor receives the reference signal such that a ripple signal is generated according to a change of a voltage of the reference signal. The capacitance of the capacitor of the at least one digital to analog convertor is adjusted based on the ripple signal.

Abstract: An LED lighting device includes: a bulb shell; a light-source board having a connector, the light-source board disposed in the bulb shell for generating optical light; a conductive rivet disposed on a bottom of the LED light device; and a fusible resistor having a first conductive-line terminal clamped by the connector and a second conductive-line terminal coupled to the conductive rivet.

Abstract: A digital-to-analog converter (DAC) device includes a DAC circuitry and a calibration circuitry. The DAC circuitry includes first and second DAC circuits which generate first and second signals according to an input pattern. The input pattern includes at least one of first logic value and at least one of second logic value that have different numbers. The calibration circuitry performs a calibration operation according to first and second comparison results, to generate a control signal for controlling the second DAC circuit. The first comparison results are comparison results of the first and the second signals when the input pattern is a first pattern, the second comparison results are comparison results of the first and the second signals when the input pattern is a second pattern, and the first pattern is inverse to the second pattern.

Abstract: A search engine identifies external data records that describe similar entities and may each conform to a different data format or source schema. The engine derives mappings capable of translating data values between differently formatted attributes of two source schemas and uses these mappings to identify degrees of similarity between attributes and schemas. When the search engine receives a search request, the engine translates submitted search criteria into values of a first schema's attributes and then uses the mappings to map those values onto selected attributes of other schemas. The search engine then uses each schema's selected attributes to select external data records formatted in that schema. Each selected record is assigned a match score that is weighted by the similarity of the record schema's selected attributes to the search criteria. Records are then retrieved in order of decreasing match score.

Abstract: A light bulb base includes a cylinder-shaped insulating component, a cylinder-shaped base connector, a metal thimble and a heat-dissipating component. The insulating component has a jack at its first side. The base connector has a circumferential interior bore extending there through. The interior bore accommodates the insulating component at a first side of the base connector. The metal thimble inserts into the jack at its first side via the interior bore. Such that the metal thimble rivets the base connector to the insulating component. The heat-dissipating component has a first side coupled to a second side of the insulating component. The heat-dissipating component includes a first opening at its second side. The heat-dissipating component also includes a cavity chamber disposed inside the first opening.

Abstract: A search engine identifies external data records that describe similar entities and may each conform to a different data format or source schema. The engine derives mappings capable of translating data values between differently formatted attributes of two source schemas and uses these mappings to identify degrees of similarity between attributes and schemas. When the search engine receives a search request, the engine translates submitted search criteria into values of a first schema's attributes and then uses the mappings to map those values onto selected attributes of other schemas. The search engine then uses each schema's selected attributes to select external data records formatted in that schema. Each selected record is assigned a match score that is weighted by the similarity of the record schema's selected attributes to the search criteria. Records are then retrieved in order of decreasing match score.

Abstract: A simulator is configured to simulate the fulfillment of orders by nodes. Each node has an inventory of products and is capable of shipping the products to destinations in response to receipt of a corresponding order. The simulator divides the nodes into groups and assigns a different priority to each group based on input provided by a user to the simulator to generate an ordered sequence of priorities. The simulator maintains safety stock data corresponding to each node that indicates minimum quantities of the products required to be present at the corresponding node. The simulator selects a current priority of the sequence and next simulates a first group among the groups having the current priority fulfilling the orders for a given product among the products while a quantity of the given product at each of the nodes in the first group is below the minimum quantity in the corresponding safety stock data.

Abstract: A simulator is configured to simulate the fulfillment of orders by nodes. Each node has an inventory of products and is capable of shipping the products to destinations in response to receipt of a corresponding order. The simulator divides the nodes into groups and assigns a different priority to each group based on input provided by a user to the simulator to generate an ordered sequence of priorities. The simulator maintains safety stock data corresponding to each node that indicates minimum quantities of the products required to be present at the corresponding node. The simulator selects a current priority of the sequence and next simulates a first group among the groups having the current priority fulfilling the orders for a given product among the products while a quantity of the given product at each of the nodes in the first group is below the minimum quantity in the corresponding safety stock data.

Abstract: A method performed by a first user terminal is provided. The method includes: obtaining geographical location information of a first virtual character; sending the geographical location information of the first virtual character to a server; receiving information from the server and identifying a second virtual character within a range of the geographical location of the first virtual character; sending an interaction request for the second virtual character to the server; obtaining an interaction scene image, the interaction scene image being a real scene image corresponding to the first user terminal; rendering the first virtual character and the second virtual character into the interaction scene image; obtaining interaction content; and sending the interaction content to the server through the first connection, the interaction content causing the server to send the interaction content to the second user terminal through the second connection.

Abstract: A glass production apparatus producing continuously curved glass for covers and containers includes a crucible, a calender device, a cutting device, a molding device, and a crystallizing device. The crucible melts glass raw material and outputs a glass melt to calender device. The calender device rolls and presses the glass melt to prepare a glass belt with a preset temperature. The cutting device cuts the glass belt with the preset temperature into glass members. The molding device include at least one molding mold and a manipulator. Each of the at least one molding mold curves at least one portion of the glass member with the preset temperature to prepare a curved glass member. The manipulator transfers the curved glass member to the crystallizing device, the crystallizing device crystallizes the curved glass member to prepare a curved crystalline glass member. A method for manufacturing such glass is also provided.

Abstract: A production apparatus making continuously curved crystalline glass as a cover or container includes a melting device, a drainage device, a molding device, and a crystallizing device. The melting device melts glass raw material to form a glass melt. The drainage device drains the glass melt to the molding device. The molding device includes a rotating table and a plurality of molding molds thereon. Each molding mold can be moved toward or away from the drainage device by the rotating table. Each molding mold has a molding cavity. At least one part of the molding cavity includes a plane, and at least one part of the molding cavity includes a curved surface to extrude the glass melt with such different surface forms. The crystallizing device crystallizes the curved glass member to achieve the curved crystallized glass member. A method for manufacturing such glass is also provided.