Abstract: Apparatus for holding and aligning a sample to be examined by a scanning electron microscope or the like includes an alignment device having base structure installable in the scanning electron microscope in a predetermined orientation. The alignment device also includes a holder for the sample which is mounted to the base structure for rotative movement about a rotation axis relative to the base structure. An adjuster is mounted on the base structure and can be manipulated to rotate the sample holder about the rotation axis. This alignment device is installed in a base holder and a video camera captures an image of the sample held by the sample holder. The image is displayed on a video monitor and the adjuster is then manipulated to rotatively align the sample to a desired orientation. The alignment device, including the sample, may then be removed from the base holder and installed in the scanning electron microscope with the sample being properly aligned.