Abstract: Disclosed are a bamboo with single-sided densification on a bamboo inner layer, and a preparation method and use thereof. The method includes: placing the bamboo inner layer of the bamboo in an impregnation solution, and conducting an impregnation treatment to obtain an impregnated bamboo, wherein the impregnation solution includes water or a flame retardant solution; subjecting a resulting bamboo inner layer of the impregnated bamboo to a preheating and softening treatment to obtain a preheated and softened bamboo; maintaining a temperature for the preheating and softening treatment, while subjecting the preheated and softened bamboo to pressurization and compression to densify the bamboo to a target thickness, to obtain a compressed bamboo; and simultaneously subjecting a resulting bamboo inner layer and a bamboo outer layer of the compressed bamboo to a hot pressing and shaping treatment, and subjecting a resulting bamboo to cooling and depressurizing in sequence.