Abstract: An ultra-long sub-wavelength grating as an optical antenna for optical phased arrays includes a top structure and a bottom structure which are vertically stacked. The bottom structure is made of a material with a refractive index lower than a refractive index of the top structure. The top structure is made of a material with a refractive index higher than that of the bottom structure. A strip waveguide is disposed in the middle of the top structure. subwavelength blocks are disposed periodically on two sides of the straight strip waveguides. The invention has the following beneficial effects. The structure could increase the effective length of the grating; uniform near field distribution can be achieved by controlling the positions of the subwavelength blocks. The structure is simpler with lower fabrication requirements and lower cost.

Abstract: An ultra-long sub-wavelength grating as an optical antenna for optical phased arrays includes a top structure and a bottom structure which are vertically stacked. The bottom structure is made of a material with a refractive index lower than a refractive index of the top structure. The top structure is made of a material with a refractive index higher than that of the bottom structure. A strip waveguide is disposed in the middle of the top structure. subwavelength blocks are disposed periodically on two sides of the straight strip waveguides. The invention has the following beneficial effects. The structure could increase the effective length of the grating; uniform near field distribution can be achieved by controlling the positions of the subwavelength blocks. The structure is simpler with lower fabrication requirements and lower cost.

Abstract: Apparatuses for communication or sensing are disclosed, the apparatuses comprising a substrate; a bottom cladding disposed on the substrate; a device layer disposed on the bottom cladding, wherein the device layer comprises: two substantially parallel rails extending from an input side to an output side of the device layer and configured to form a slot between the two substantially parallel rails, wherein each of the two substantially parallel rails comprises an inner edge adjacent to the slot and an outer edge opposite the slot; and one or more teeth coupled to each of the two substantially parallel rails; and a top cladding disposed onto the device layer and bottom cladding; wherein the bottom cladding, the device layer, and the top cladding are configured to support at least one optical guided mode. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: Apparatuses for communication or sensing are disclosed, the apparatuses comprising a substrate; a bottom cladding disposed on the substrate; a device layer disposed on the bottom cladding, wherein the device layer comprises: two substantially parallel rails extending from an input side to an output side of the device layer and configured to form a slot between the two substantially parallel rails, wherein each of the two substantially parallel rails comprises an inner edge adjacent to the slot and an outer edge opposite the slot; and one or more teeth coupled to each of the two substantially parallel rails; and a top cladding disposed onto the device layer and bottom cladding; wherein the bottom cladding, the device layer, and the top cladding are configured to support at least one optical guided mode. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: An optical system is disclosed. The optical system comprising: a substrate; and a subwavelength photonic crystal waveguide atop the substrate, wherein the subwavelength photonic crystal waveguide comprises a periodic one or two-dimensional array of two or more interleaved dielectric pillars; wherein the periodicity of the one or two-dimensional array is constant, a combination of two or more periods, or random; wherein the one or two-dimensional array is substantially linear or curved; wherein each of the pillars of the one or two-dimensional array is at least one of a triangular prism, a trapezoidal prism, an elliptic cylinder, a cylinder, a tube, a frustum, a pyramid, a trapezoidal prism, and an asymmetric frustum; and wherein each of the pillars of the one or two-dimensional array comprises a solid, liquid, and/or gas. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: An optical system is disclosed. The optical system comprising: a substrate; and a subwavelength photonic crystal waveguide atop the substrate, wherein the subwavelength photonic crystal waveguide comprises a periodic one or two-dimensional array of two or more interleaved dielectric pillars; wherein the periodicity of the one or two-dimensional array is constant, a combination of two or more periods, or random; wherein the one or two-dimensional array is substantially linear or curved; wherein each of the pillars of the one or two-dimensional array is at least one of a triangular prism, a trapezoidal prism, an elliptic cylinder, a cylinder, a tube, a frustum, a pyramid, a trapezoidal prism, and an asymmetric frustum; and wherein each of the pillars of the one or two-dimensional array comprises a solid, liquid, and/or gas. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: A method for reducing loss in a subwavelength photonic crystal waveguide bend is disclosed. The method comprising: forming the subwavelength photonic crystal waveguide bend with a series of trapezoidal shaped dielectric pillars centered about a bend radius; wherein each of the trapezoidal shaped dielectric pillars comprise a top width, a bottom width, and a trapezoid height; wherein the length of the bottom width is greater than the length of the top width; and wherein the bottom width is closer to the center of the bend radius of the subwavelength photonic crystal waveguide bend than the top width. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: A method for fabricating an M×N, P-bit phased-array antenna on a flexible substrate is disclosed. The method comprising ink jet printing and hardening alignment marks, antenna elements, transmission lines, switches, an RF coupler, and multilayer interconnections onto the flexible substrate. The substrate of the M×N, P-bit phased-array antenna may comprise an integrated control circuit of printed electronic components such as, photovoltaic cells, batteries, resistors, capacitors, etc. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: An electronic travel album generating method includes the following steps: acquiring imported photos; acquiring shooting time and shooting address information of the photos; sequencing the photos according to the shooting time; categorizing the sequenced photos into categories according to an arrangement sequence; acquiring scenic spot information corresponding to each category according to the shooting address information of photos of each category; and encoding the photos into an electronic travel album according to the shooting time of the photos, a sequencing result obtained by the sequencing step, category information obtained by the categorizing step, and the scenic spot information corresponding to each category. With the electronic travel album generating method, an electronic travel album can be simply and quickly generated. In addition, a computing device for generating an electronic travel album is further provided.

Abstract: A method for fabricating an M×N, P-bit phased-array antenna on a flexible substrate is disclosed. The method comprising ink jet printing and hardening alignment marks, antenna elements, transmission lines, switches, an RF coupler, and multilayer interconnections onto the flexible substrate. The substrate of the M×N, P-bit phased-array antenna may comprise an integrated control circuit of printed electronic components such as, photovoltaic cells, batteries, resistors, capacitors, etc. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: A photo collection display method and apparatus are disclosed. The method includes: acquiring photo selection information, the photo selection information comprising: a birth date of a figure in a photo; reading photo information of each photo in a photo collection, the photo information comprising: a photo shooting time, the photo collection recording more than one photo; calculating a difference between a photo shooting time and the birth date of the figure in each photo, to obtain a sorting date of each photo; creating a timeline comprising time points; matching the sorting date with a time point in the timeline, to obtain a link relationship between the sorting date and the corresponding time point in the timeline; and displaying, after one time point in the timeline is triggered, a corresponding photo of the photo collection in a predetermined position of the timeline according to the link relationship.

Abstract: A method, system or device for configuring an optical coupling device including obtaining characteristics of an optical signal and ambient conditions for storage in memory, utilizing a processor for identifying an optimum effective subwavelength area refractive index and a grating period for the input signal and ambient characteristics stored in memory, and utilizing the processor for identifying a preferred filling factor for a transverse polarization.

Abstract: A method, system or device for configuring an optical coupling device including obtaining characteristics of an optical signal and ambient conditions for storage in memory, utilizing a processor for identifying an optimum effective subwavelength area refractive index and a grating period for the input signal and ambient characteristics stored in memory, and utilizing the processor for identifying a preferred filling factor for a transverse polarization.