Abstract: Methods of refining a whole crude oil stream. The methods involve first processing the crude either through a hydrotreating reactor comprising a dewaxing reactor bed or a flash evaporation separator. The treated streams are then further processed through a demetalization reactor bed, a hydroprocessing reactor bed, or both. The stream can then be still further processed via additional hydrotreating, distillation, or both.

Abstract: Disclose is an online analyzer to monitor conversion of a biofeedstock in a first hydrotreating stage to avoid catalyst poisoning in a subsequent stage. An example method of processing a biofeedstock may comprise hydrotreating the biofeedstock by reaction with hydrogen to form a hydrotreated biofeedstock. The method may further comprise monitoring conversion of the biofeedstock in the hydrotreating with an online analyzer.

Abstract: Disclose is an online analyzer to monitor conversion of a biofeedstock in a first hydrotreating stage to avoid catalyst poisoning in a subsequent stage. An example method of processing a biofeedstock may comprise hydrotreating the biofeedstock by reaction with hydrogen to form a hydrotreated biofeedstock. The method may further comprise monitoring conversion of the biofeedstock in the hydrotreating with an online analyzer.

Abstract: Method of refining whole crude oil or a wide cut crude oil, the methods comprising a combination of a hydrotreating reactor, a distillation tower, and an optional flash evaporation separator. The methods can also include light ends processing, fluid catalytic cracking, reforming, hydrocracking, and demetalization. In some methods a whole crude oil is first processed through a flash evaporation separator to create a wide cut crude oil and in other methods, the flash evaporation separator is not used as the whole crude oil is first treated in a hydrotreater.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to new processes to produce high paraffinic diesel from crude oil, such as tight oil from the Permian basin. This disclosure also relates to high paraffinic diesel compositions and high paraffinic diesel blends.

Abstract: Provided is a determination method of differential protection suitable for an electricity transmission line with multi-terminal T-connection.

Abstract: Provided are a differential protection method and system, applied to a multi-terminal T-connection transmission line. The method includes: selecting two slaves without a connection and connecting the two slaves to construct a slave group; determining a target slave and an auxiliary slave in the slave group, where a first communication path is connected along a channel one, a channel two and a channel three, and a second communication path is connected along the channel three, the channel two and the channel one; transmitting, by the target slave, two frames of messages, and acquiring a delay difference between a transceiving delay of the first communication path and a transceiving delay of the second communication path, where a first frame of messages is transmitted to the target slave via the first communication path, a second frame of messages is transmitted to the target slave via the second communication path.

Abstract: Provided are a differential protection method and system, applied to a multi-terminal T-connection transmission line. The method includes: selecting two slaves without a connection and connecting the two slaves to construct a slave group; determining a target slave and an auxiliary slave in the slave group, where a first communication path is connected along a channel one, a channel two and a channel three, and a second communication path is connected along the channel three, the channel two and the channel one; transmitting, by the target slave, two frames of messages, and acquiring a delay difference between a transceiving delay of the first communication path and a transceiving delay of the second communication path, where a first frame of messages is transmitted to the target slave via the first communication path, a second frame of messages is transmitted to the target slave via the second communication path.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides processes for hydroprocessing hydrocarbon feedstocks comprising a silicon content of about 1 wppm or greater. In at least one embodiment, a process includes introducing, in a reactor or to the reactor, a hydrocarbon feedstock having a silicon content of at least about 1 wppm, based on the total weight of the hydrocarbon feedstock, to a treat gas to produce a hydrocarbon feedstock/treat gas mixture. The process includes introducing the hydrocarbon feedstock/treat gas mixture to a catalyst composition comprising at least one group 6 metal and at least one group 8-10 metal, wherein the molar ratio of group 6 metal to group 8-10 metal is from about 10:1 to about 1:10. The process includes obtaining a liquid product comprising a sulfur content of 5,000 wppm or less. Furthermore, processes of the present disclosure provide hydroprocessing of high Si content feeds using hydrocarbon feeds at high liquid hourly space velocities.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to processes for producing biofuel compositions by processing hydrocarbon co-feed and a bio-oil obtained via hydrothermal liquifaction (HTL) of a cellulosic biomass to form an HTL oil. The cellulosic mass can be processed at an operating temperature of about 425° C. or less and an operating pressure of about 200 atm or less. The HTL oil is co-processed with a hydrocarbon co-feed (e.g., petroleum fraction) in a cracking unit, such as an FCC unit, a coker unit or a visbreaking unit, in the presence of a catalyst to produce a cracked product (biofuel). The bio content of the cracked product provides RIN credits for the cracked product.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for shifting the product of a hydrocracker in a hydrocarbon refinery back and forth from a more naphtha focused product slate to a more diesel focused product slate to take advantage of price and demand shifts between gasoline and diesel by using a naphtha selective catalyst and temporarily passivating the catalyst with a basic material such as ammonia in the hydrocracker. The ammonia passivates the acid catalyst sites on the catalyst and produces more total liquids and more diesel with attractive cold flow and pour point properties for a temporary period. When implemented in a temporary manner and the flow of ammonia is suspended the hydrocracker product slate returns to a more gasoline focused slate.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to completely closed systems suitable for bio-processing of cellular samples, for example peripheral blood samples used for immunotherapy applications, and related methods of use. The systems are not open to the air, thus allowing for sterile sample processing and transfer of the sample throughout the entirety of bio-processing. Each component of the disclosed systems contains a unique identifier, allowing for traceability of the sample as it proceeds through the various steps involved in bio-processing. The identifier ultimately traces the sample back to the patient from which the sample was derived. Certain embodiments provide a unique freezing bag for long-term storage of cellular samples. The freezing bag has a unique identifier that allows for easy traceability and retrieval of a bio-archived sample and at least two ports, one for sample testing, another for sterile docking to a device that allows for delivery of its contents to a patient.

Abstract: Methods are provided for modifying hydrogenation catalysts having silica supports (or other non-alumina supports) with additional alumina, and using such catalysts to achieve unexpectedly superior hydrogenation of feedstocks. The modified hydrogenation catalysts can have a relatively low cracking activity while providing an increased activity for hydrogenation.

Abstract: Methods are provided for dewaxing a distillate fuel boiling range feed to improve one or more cold flow properties of the distillate fuel feed, such as cloud point, where the distillate fuel feed is fractionated to produce both a jet fuel product and an arctic diesel fuel product. The decrease of cloud point is achieved by using a feedstock having a concentration of nitrogen of less than about 50 wppm and a concentration of sulfur of less than about 15 wppm. Further, the dewaxing catalyst may have a reduced content of hydrogenation metals, such as a content of Pt or Pd of from about 0.05 wt % to about 0.35 wt %. A distillate fuel feed can be dewaxed to achieve a desired cloud point differential using a reduced metals content dewaxing catalyst under the same or similar conditions to those required for a dewaxing catalyst with higher metals content.

Abstract: Methods are provided for dewaxing a distillate fuel boiling range feed to improve one or more cold flow properties of the distillate fuel feed, such as cloud point, with reduced consumption of hydrogen during the dewaxing process. The reduced hydrogen consumption is achieved by using a dewaxing catalyst with a reduced content of hydrogenation metals, such as a content of Pt or Pd of from about 0.03 wt % to about 0.35 wt %. A distillate fuel feed can be dewaxed to achieve a desired cloud point differential using a reduced metals content dewaxing catalyst under the same or similar conditions to those required for a dewaxing catalyst with higher metals content.

Abstract: Methods of preparing organosilica materials, which are a polymer comprising of at least one independent cyclic polyurea monomer of Formula wherein each R1 is a Z1OZ2Z3SiZ4 group, wherein each Z1 represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-C4 alkyl group, or a bond to a silicon atom of another monomer unit; each Z2 and Z3 independently represent a hydroxyl group, a C1-C4 alkyl group, a C1-C4 alkoxy group or an oxygen atom bonded to a silicon atom of another monomer unit; and each Z4 represents a C1-C8 alkylene group bonded to a nitrogen atom of the cyclic polyurea are provided herein. Methods of preparing and processes of using the organosilica materials, e.g., for gas separation, color removal, etc., are also provided herein.

Abstract: Methods for reducing impurities and improving color in liquid hydrocarbon products (e.g., diesel fuel) are provided herein.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for producing an improved product slate during hydrocracking of a feedstock for production of naphtha and distillate fuels. The methods can include use of stacked beds and/or sequential reactors so that a feedstock is exposed to a suitable catalyst under aromatic saturation conditions prior to exposing the feedstock to the hydrocracking catalyst. The catalyst for performing the aromatic saturation process can be a catalyst including a Group VIII noble metal, such as Pt, Pd, or a combination thereof, while the hydrocracking catalyst can include Group VIB and Group VIII non-noble metals.

Abstract: Methods for reducing impurities and improving color in liquid hydrocarbon products (e.g., diesel fuel) are provided herein.

Abstract: A secondary electrochemical battery sealing body, including a negative electrode cap, a circuit board module and an insulating washer. The circuit board module is connected to the negative electrode cap via a connecting member. A charge indicator is disposed on the circuit board module at the position corresponding to an edge of the negative electrode cap. A notch is formed on the edge of the negative electrode cap as a light transmission port of the charge indicator. The notch has a height which does not exceed the height of the negative electrode cap. The insulating washer is a flexible and elastic annular insulating gasket, and is disposed in a gap between a battery housing, the circuit board module and the negative electrode cap. The insulating washer completely covers the light transmission port of the charge indicator to seal the negative electrode cap, the battery housing and the circuit board module.