Abstract: A lightweight depressurization hydrogen supply device suitable for a hydrogen energy handheld torch is provided. The device is configured to connect a gas cylinder to a combustor in the torch and includes a cylinder opening valve, a pressure reducing valve, a switch assembly, a switch actuating component, and a gas cylinder cap. The pressure reducing valve is configured to perform depressurization of high pressure hydrogen, and is provided with three butting ports. A lower butting port is connected to the gas cylinder cap, an upper butting port is connected to the combustor, a side butting port is provided with the switch assembly, and the switch actuating component and the cylinder opening valve are installed in the gas cylinder cap. The switch assembly is configured to control the switch actuating component to open or close the cylinder opening valve. The cylinder opening valve is connected to a cylinder opening of the gas cylinder and configured to open or close the gas cylinder.

Abstract: Some embodiments include operation of an accelerator waveguide to output first particles from a tuned end cavity of the accelerator waveguide at a first energy, detuning of the end cavity, and operation of the accelerator waveguide to output second particles from the detuned end cavity at a second energy.

Abstract: Plasmid DNA from single yeast colonies was efficiently amplified using rolling circle amplification (RCA). The amplified DNA was directly used for restriction digestion, DNA sequencing, and yeast transformation. The RCA of plasmid DNA from single yeast colonies for direct retransformation of yeast simplifies conventional procedures for yeast two-hybrid analysis and is suitable for high-throughput analyses. In summary, we have developed several methods to manipulate plasmid DNA in yeast. It will greatly simplify a number of yeast-based molecular biology tools, particularly yeast two-hybrid analysis. The methods are very useful for high-throughput assays.

Abstract: Some embodiments include operation of an accelerator waveguide to output first particles from a tuned end cavity of the accelerator waveguide at a first energy, detuning of the end cavity, and operation of the accelerator waveguide to output second particles from the detuned end cavity at a second energy.

Abstract: A cavity for use in an accelerator is formed by an inner wall including at least two different materials. According to embodiments of the present invention, a portion of the structure forming the inner wall of the cavity includes a first material (e.g., copper) while another portion forming the inner wall of the cavity includes a second material (e.g., steel). Using different materials for different portions of the inner walls forming a cavity may cause different Q-factors for the cavity while the shape of the cavity remains constant.

Abstract: A cavity for use in an accelerator is formed by an inner wall comprised of at least two different materials. According to embodiments of the present invention, a portion of the structure forming the inner wall of the cavity may be comprised of a first material (e.g., copper) while another portion forming the inner wall of the cavity may be comprised of a second material (e.g., steel). Using different materials for different portions of the inner walls forming a cavity may cause different Q-factors for the cavity while the shape of the cavity remains constant.

Abstract: A method, system, and apparatus for providing reduced dark current in a linear accelerator includes a cavity having an input aperture and an output aperture, and a particle source coupled to the input aperture, the input aperture having a radius greater than a radius of the output aperture.

Abstract: A method, system, and apparatus for providing reduced dark current in a linear accelerator includes a cavity having an input aperture and an output aperture, and a particle source coupled to the input aperture, the input aperture having a radius greater than a radius of the output aperture.