Abstract: A method for implementing redundancy backup between Network Address Translation (NAT) devices includes: an Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) address pool and a prefix64 are pre-configured on at least two NAT devices, where the prefix is used to map an IPv4 address to an Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) address; the master NAT device advertises in an IPv6 network a route corresponding to the prefix, and advertises in an IPv4 network a route corresponding to the IPv4 address pool; and the slave NAT device processes a packet between a source host and a destination host when the master NAT device fails, where the source host and the destination host are located in different Internet Protocol (IP) networks. With the technical solutions of the present invention, redundancy backup is implemented between multiple NAT devices to improve reliability of networking of NAT devices.

Abstract: A method, system, and device for maintaining routes are provided. A communications network includes multiple point of presence (PoP) groups, where each of the PoP groups includes one or more PoP nodes. PoP nodes within the same PoP group issue routing information of the same super prefix. PoP nodes within different PoP groups issue routing information of different super prefixes. The method further includes the following steps. A PoP node acquires routing information of a detailed prefix covered by a super prefix issued by the PoP node and synchronizes the routing information of the detailed prefix with other PoP nodes within the same PoP group. The method, system, and device reduce flow of data forwarded by each PoP node.

Abstract: A method and system for re-routing a multicast stream is provided. The method for re-routing a multicast stream includes: providing a prior multicast forwarding path corresponding to a first route; establishing a new multicast forwarding path between a downstream router and a second upstream router corresponding to a second route; re-routing a multicast stream from said prior multicast forwarding path to said new multicast forwarding path, wherein said multicast stream utilizes said prior multicast forwarding path until said new multicast forwarding path is operational; and pruning said prior multicast forwarding path when said new multicast forwarding path is operational. Therefore, the multicast stream transmitting will not be interrupted during the switchover process of the multicast forwarding path caused by that a unicast route to a multicast source or a rendezvous point has changed.

Abstract: A method for forwarding data is provided. A first host belongs to a first locator domain (LD). The first LD belongs to a first Internet service provider (ISP) and a second ISP. A second host belongs to a second LD. The ISP to which each LD belongs allocates an LD identifier (LD ID) to the LD, respectively. The method includes: receiving a first data packet sent to the second host by the first host; selecting one LD ID of the first LD as a source LD ID according to a preset traffic engineering (TE) policy, so as to obtain a second data packet corresponding to the first data packet, and selecting an ISP network corresponding to the source LD ID to forward the second data packet.

Abstract: A method, system, and device for maintaining routes are provided. A communications network includes multiple point of presence (PoP) groups, where each of the PoP groups includes one or more PoP nodes. PoP nodes within the same PoP group issue routing information of the same super prefix. PoP nodes within different PoP groups issue routing information of different super prefixes. The method further includes the following steps. A PoP node acquires routing information of a detailed prefix covered by a super prefix issued by the PoP node and synchronizes the routing information of the detailed prefix with other PoP nodes within the same PoP group. The method, system, and device reduce flow of data forwarded by each PoP node.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method, a device, and a communications system for managing and querying mapping information. The method for managing mapping information includes: signing a mapping information pair by using a private key of a certificate corresponding to a prefix in the mapping information pair to generate a signed mapping pair; submitting the signed mapping pair to a registration agent (RA) in a transit network; and sharing, by the RA, the signed mapping pair with other RAs through data synchronization. With the mapping information management method, data transmission method, devices and communications system provided by the present invention, the security of mapping information in registration, query, and synchronization operations is guaranteed.

Abstract: A method, system, and device for maintaining routes are provided. A communications network includes multiple point of presence (PoP) groups, where each of the PoP groups includes one or more PoP nodes. PoP nodes within the same PoP group issue routing information of the same super prefix. PoP nodes within different PoP groups issue routing information of different super prefixes. The method further includes the following steps. A PoP node acquires routing information of a detailed prefix covered by a super prefix issued by the PoP node and synchronizes the routing information of the detailed prefix with other PoP nodes within the same PoP group. The method, system, and device reduce flow of data forwarded by each PoP node.

Abstract: A method and system for improving a quality of communication based on a label distribution protocol is provided. The method includes the following: When a local label switching router (LSR) finds out a change of a route at an upstream node in a multicast label switching path (LSP), it calculates and sets up a new optimized multicast LSP according to the label distribution protocol (LDP), and delays to send a withdraw request to the upstream node in the former multicast LSP. An interruption of the data stream in the multicast LSP reconstruction procedures can be avoided or reduced, so that the loss of data packets caused by the multicast LSP adjustment is reduced, and the quality of communication of the multicast is improved.

Abstract: A method and device for installing and distributing routes are disclosed. The routes are classified and installed respectively according to route types. Therefore, the distributed storage of a Forwarding Information Base (FIB) is automated, massive manual configuration work is avoided, and the problem of oversized FIB of the router as a result of fast growth of the routing table is solved.

Abstract: A method, system, and apparatus for sending mapping information are disclosed. The method includes the following steps: An endpoint searches a mapping server to obtain Egress Tunnel Router (ETR) information used for forwarding a data packet sent by the endpoint in a transit network; and the endpoint adds the ETR information to the data packet and sends the data packet to an Ingress Tunnel Router (ITR). With the present invention, the ITR does not need to search for Routing Locator (RLOC) information or Autonomous System Number (AS No.) information, the pressure of searching for mapping information on the ITR is relieved, the problems such as forwarding performance deterioration and packet loss caused by ITR overload are avoided, and the risks of Distributed Denial of Service (DDOS) attacks are reduced.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a method and device for advertising routing information and a method and system for implementing packet routing. The method for advertising routing information includes a routing information advertising device that obtains its address information; the routing information advertising device adds the address information to routing information to advertise; and the routing information advertising device advertises the routing information that carries the address information. With the technical solution of the present disclosure, the number of routing tables in a backbone network may be greatly reduced. This minimizes the rise of router costs and effectively avoids slower route convergence. In addition, a router in the backbone network can dynamically obtain address information of a core router that advertises an aggregate prefix, such that it may be easier to implement registration, update and query the mapping between a more detailed address prefix and a border router.

Abstract: An information forwarding method includes obtaining data information to be forwarded which carries a route indicator indicating a destination edge network, obtaining route information to a border router in the destination edge network according to the route indicator, and sending the data information to the border router in the destination edge network for forwarding. An information forwarding device is also provided.

Abstract: A transmission method, system, and router based on a border gateway protocol (BGP) are provided. The method includes: notifying a standby route and a data packet ID corresponding to the standby route to a peer autonomous system (AS); receiving a data packet carrying a data packet ID from the peer AS; and forwarding the data packet via a standby route corresponding to the data packet ID carried in the data packet. The transmission performance based on the BGP can be improved by applying the present invention.

Abstract: A method and switch for Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) snooping are disclosed. The method includes: configuring, by a switch, a router interface listed in an IGMP snooping table; configuring, by the switch, a multicast forwarding table entry and a corresponding outgoing interface list; and configuring, by the switch, interfaces which are adjacent to switches in the outgoing interface list. The advantage of the invention is the rapid recovery of the multicast data packets forwarding in the loop network when the network topology of the Layer Two loop network changes.

Abstract: A multi-address space mobile network architecture is disclosed, in which edge networks (ENs) are connected to a core network (CN) through core edge routers (CERs). A distributed hash table (DHT) set in the CN is adapted to not only store or update a mapping relation between a CER ID and CER location information in the CN, but also receive registration information sent from a host through the CER, and store or update mapping relations between a host ID host identifier (HI) and the CER ID and between the HI and host location information. A method for registering host information includes the steps as follows. The host acquires routable host location information in an EN to which the host currently added and information of the CER in the EN. The host sends registration information to the CN through the CER in the EN. Further, a method for sending data is described. The network architecture and methods of the present invention may improve update and query efficiency of the registration information from the host.

Abstract: A method and system for improving a quality of communication based on a label distribution protocol is provided. The method includes the following: When a local label switching router (LSR) finds out a change of a route at an upstream node in a multicast label switching path (LSP), it calculates and sets up a new optimized multicast LSP according to the label distribution protocol (LDP), and delays to send a withdraw request to the upstream node in the former multicast LSP. An interruption of the data stream in the multicast LSP reconstruction procedures can be avoided or reduced, so that the loss of data packets caused by the multicast LSP adjustment is reduced, and the quality of communication of the multicast is improved.

Abstract: A method for forwarding multicast packets in a virtual private LAN includes: the VPLS VSI monitors PIM messages received by the interfaces and configures the L2 multicast route according to the messages; then the VPLS VSI forwards multicast packets according to the L2 multicast route configured. With the PIM Snooping function, the VSI may forward multicast packets precisely so that the bandwidth of an MPLS or IP network can be effectively saved and that the multicast replication pressure between PEs in the VPLS network and VC pseudowires in the VSI can be reduced.

Abstract: A method and system for re-routing a multicast stream is provided. The method for re-routing a multicast stream includes: providing a prior multicast forwarding path corresponding to a first route; establishing a new multicast forwarding path between a downstream router and a second upstream router corresponding to a second route; re-routing a multicast stream from said prior multicast forwarding path to said new multicast forwarding path, wherein said multicast stream utilizes said prior multicast forwarding path until said new multicast forwarding path is operational; and pruning said prior multicast forwarding path when said new multicast forwarding path is operational. Therefore, the multicast stream transmitting will not be interrupted during the switchover process of the multicast forwarding path caused by that a unicast route to a multicast source or a rendezvous point has changed.