Abstract: Described herein are electrochemically active-material structures comprising silicon and one or more inert elements, chemically and/or atomically dispersed in these electrochemically active-material structures. Also described are negative battery electrodes and lithium-ion electrochemical cells comprising such electrochemically active-material structures as well as methods of fabricating such structures, electrodes, and lithium-ion electrochemical cells. Some examples of atomically-dispersed inert elements include, but are not limited to, hydrogen (H), carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and chlorine (Cl). Unlike silicon, inert elements do not interact with lithium at an operating voltage of the negative battery electrode and therefore do not contribute to the overall cell capacity. At the same time, these inert elements help to mitigate silicon swelling by operating as a mechanical buffer, support structure, and/or additional conductive pathways.

Abstract: Described herein are electrochemically active-material structures comprising silicon and one or more inert elements, such that these inert elements are chemically and/or atomically dispersed. Also described are negative battery electrodes and lithium-ion electrochemical cells comprising such electrochemically active-material structures as well as methods of fabricating such structures, electrodes, and lithium-ion electrochemical cells. Some examples of atomically-dispersed inert elements include, but are not limited to, hydrogen (H), carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and chlorine (Cl). Unlike silicon, inert elements do not interact with lithium at an operating voltage of the negative battery electrode and therefore do not contribute to the overall cell capacity. At the same time, these inert elements help to mitigate silicon swelling by operating as a mechanical buffer, support structure, and/or additional conductive pathways.

Abstract: The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle charging, and particularly provides a vehicle charging port mounting assembly and a vehicle. The invention aims to solve the problem that existing charging port components have a poor design of mounting structure and thus cannot well meet the usage requirements. To this end, the vehicle charging port mounting assembly of the invention comprises a body side outer panel, a charging port component, a charging port mounting component, a rear wheel cover outer panel and a rear wheel cover outer panel reinforcing plate, wherein the charging port mounting component comprises a mounting bracket and an accommodation support member which is provided with an accommodation chamber, the mounting bracket being disposed in the accommodation chamber and fixedly connected to the accommodation support member, and the accommodation support member being disposed between the body side outer panel and the rear wheel cover outer panel.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides pharmaceutical formulations comprising i) a support frame, ii) one or more bioadhesive materials, iii) a first active ingredient, and iv) a second active ingredient. The disclosure also provides methods of treating a subject using the pharmaceutical formulations for various disease states and processes for making the pharmaceutical formulation.

Abstract: Provided are methods of forming active materials for electrochemical cells using low-temperature electrochemical deposition, e.g., at less than 200° C. Specifically, these processes allow precise control of the morphology, composition, and/or size of the deposited structures. For example, a deposited structure may be doped, alloyed, or surface treated during its formation using a combination of different precursors. In particular, a silicon structure may be prelithiated while being formed. Different working electrodes (e.g., with different surface sizes and properties) allow forming different types of structures, e.g., precipitating particles from the solution or specific types of films deposited on the working electrode. These processes require minimal energy and do not use volatile precursors. Furthermore, these processes produce a more confined waste stream, suitable for post-reaction recycling. Finally, low-temperature electrochemical deposition can be readily scaled up.

Abstract: In some embodiments, an electrode can include a current collector, a composite material in electrical communication with the current collector, and at least one phase configured to adhere the composite material to the current collector. The current collector can include one or more layers of metal, and the composite material can include electrochemically active material. The at least one phase can include a compound of the metal and the electrochemically active material. In some embodiments, a composite material can include electrochemically active material. The composite material can also include at least one phase configured to bind electrochemically active particles of the electrochemically active material together. The at least one phase can include a compound of metal and the electrochemically active material.

Abstract: Described herein are carbon-silicon composite structures and methods of producing such structures. A carbon-silicon composite structure comprises one or more carbon-containing structures that have pores at least partially filled with silicon-containing structures. Specifically, the silicon-containing structures are attached to the pore walls while maintaining void spaces within these pores. These void spaces can accommodate silicon expansion during lithiation. Carbon-silicon composite structures can be produced by submerging carbon-containing structures into a precursor liquid solution (comprising a precursor) and driving this solution into the pores. The silicon-containing structures are then formed (from the precursor) within the pores either electrochemically (e.g., by applying a voltage to the solution and structures) or chemically (e.g., by introducing the structures into a reducing liquid solution). In some examples, these void spaces are sealed from the environment by additional structures, e.g.

Abstract: In some embodiments, an electrode can include a current collector, a composite material in electrical communication with the current collector, and at least one phase configured to adhere the composite material to the current collector. The current collector can include one or more layers of metal, and the composite material can include electrochemically active material. The at least one phase can include a compound of the metal and the electrochemically active material. In some embodiments, a composite material can include electrochemically active material. The composite material can also include at least one phase configured to bind electrochemically active particles of the electrochemically active material together. The at least one phase can include a compound of metal and the electrochemically active material.

Abstract: In some embodiments, an electrode can include a first and second conductive layer. At least one of the first and second conductive layers can include porosity configured to allow electrolyte to flow therethrough. The electrode can also include an electrochemically active layer having electrochemically active material sandwiched between the first and second conductive layers. The electrochemically active layer can be in electrical communication with the first and second conductive layers.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of treating pain in a mammal, which may include the step of administering human growth hormone to a mammal in need thereof. The pain treated by the disclosed methods may be of a type caused by inflammation induced mechanical and/or thermal hypersensitivity, and may include, for example, a pain type resulting from one or more conditions selected from peripheral injury pain, post-operative pain, cutaneous inflammation, cutaneous incision, muscle incision, or chronic pain. Disease states in which the disclosed methods may be used include fibromyalgia, sickle cell anemia, epidermolysis bullosa, erythromelalgia, complex regional pain syndrome, or generalized muscle pain.

Abstract: Provided are methods of forming active materials for electrochemical cells using low-temperature electrochemical deposition, e.g., less than 200° C. Specifically, these processes allow precise control of the morphology, composition, and size of deposited structures. For example, the deposited structure may be doped, alloyed, or surface treated during their deposition using a combination of different precursors. In particular, silicon structure may be pre-lithiated while these structures are being formed. The selection of working electrodes (surface size and properties), electrolyte composition, and other parameters result in different types of structures, e.g., precipitating from the electrolyte or deposited on the electrode. Low-temperature plating does not require a lot of energy and volatile and invisible precursors. Furthermore, this plating produces a more confined waste stream, suitable for post-reaction recycling.

Abstract: An endoscope system, including a rigid endoscope and a photography system, wherein the rigid endoscope includes an external endoscope tube and a connecting housing; the photography system includes a photographic objective lens group and an image sensor; the external endoscope tube includes a first end and a second end; the connecting housing is directly connected to the second end of the external endoscope tube; the photographic objective lens group is arranged on the side of the connecting housing that is away from the external endoscope tube; the image sensor is arranged on the side of the photographic objective lens group that is away from the connecting housing; the photography system is detachably connected to the connecting housing; the photographic objective lens group is configured to directly magnify an image transmitted by the rigid endoscope; and the image sensor is configured to convert the magnified image into an electric signal.

Abstract: Silicon particles for use in an electrode in an electrochemical cell are provided. The silicon particles may have outer regions extending about 20 nm deep from the surfaces, the outer regions comprising an amount of aluminum such that a bulk measurement of the aluminum comprises at least about 0.01% by weight of the silicon particles. The bulk measurement of the aluminum may provide the amount of aluminum present at least in the outer regions.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of treating pain in a mammal, which may include the step of administering human growth hormone to a mammal in need thereof The pain treated by the disclosed methods may be of a type caused by inflammation induced mechanical and/or thermal hypersensitivity, and may include, for example, a pain type resulting from one or more conditions selected from peripheral injury pain, post-operative pain, cutaneous inflammation, cutaneous incision, muscle incision, or chronic pain. Disease states in which the disclosed methods may be used include fibromyalgia, sickle cell anemia, epidermolysis bullosa, erythromelalgia, complex regional pain syndrome, or generalized muscle pain.

Abstract: Provided are methods of forming active materials for electrochemical cells using low-temperature electrochemical deposition, e.g., less than 200° C. Specifically, these processes allow precise control of the morphology, composition, and size of deposited structures. For example, the deposited structure may be doped, alloyed, or surface treated during their deposition using a combination of different precursors. In particular, silicon structure may be pre-lithiated while these structures are being formed. The selection of working electrodes (surface size and properties), electrolyte composition, and other parameters result in different types of structures, e.g., precipitating from the electrolyte or deposited on the electrode. Low-temperature plating does not require a lot of energy and volatile and invisible precursors. Furthermore, this plating produces a more confined waste stream, suitable for post-reaction recycling.

Abstract: Silicon particles for use in an electrode in an electrochemical cell are provided. The silicon particles may have outer regions extending about 20 nm deep from the surfaces, the outer regions comprising an amount of aluminum such that a bulk measurement of the aluminum comprises at least about 0.01% by weight of the silicon particles. The bulk measurement of the aluminum may provide the amount of aluminum present at least in the outer regions.

Abstract: Silicon particles for use in an electrode in an electrochemical cell are provided. The silicon particles may have outer regions extending about 20 nm deep from the surfaces, the outer regions comprising an amount of aluminum such that a bulk measurement of the aluminum comprises at least about 0.01% by weight of the silicon particles. The bulk measurement of the aluminum may provide the amount of aluminum present at least in the outer regions.

Abstract: A lighting source and an endoscope are provided, and the lighting source is used for the endoscope. The lighting source includes a light-emitting diode (LED) chip and a substrate; the LED chip is arranged on and fixedly connected to the substrate, and is packaged into the lighting source; and the lighting source is circular ring-shaped or arc-shaped. The endoscope includes an endoscope tube; an objective lens, located at one end of the endoscope and at least partially located inside the endoscope tube; and the lighting source.

Abstract: Silicon particles for use in an electrode in an electrochemical cell are provided. The silicon particles may have outer regions extending about 20 nm deep from the surfaces, the outer regions comprising an amount of aluminum such that a bulk measurement of the aluminum comprises at least about 0.01% by weight of the silicon particles. The bulk measurement of the aluminum may provide the amount of aluminum present at least in the outer regions.

Abstract: In some embodiments, an electrode can include a current collector, a composite material in electrical communication with the current collector, and at least one phase configured to adhere the composite material to the current collector. The current collector can include one or more layers of metal, and the composite material can include electrochemically active material. The at least one phase can include a compound of the metal and the electrochemically active material. In some embodiments, a composite material can include electrochemically active material. The composite material can also include at least one phase configured to bind electrochemically active particles of the electrochemically active material together. The at least one phase can include a compound of metal and the electrochemically active material.