Abstract: Disclosed are a decoquinate liposome, a preparation method therefor and a use thereof. The preparation raw materials for the decoquinate liposome comprise the following components in parts by weight: 1 part of decoquinate and 2-20 parts of lecithin. The liposome is stable, shows favorable malaria resistance effects in-vivo and in-vitro with respect to animal bodies, can be used for quickly relieving the conditions of malaria, particularly subtertian malaria, and is safe. The preparation method is simple and feasible, and has the potential for mass production.

Abstract: A battery system that exchanges energy with an external device is provided. The battery system includes a positive electrode having a first metal or alloy, a negative electrode having a second metal or alloy, and an electrolyte including a salt of the second metal or alloy. The positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the electrolyte are in a liquid phase at an operating temperature during at least one portion of operation. The positive electrode is entirely in a liquid phase in one charged state and includes a solid phase in another charged state. The solid phase of the positive electrode includes a solid intermetallic formed by the first and the second metals or alloys. Methods of storing electrical energy from an external circuit using such a battery system are also provided.

Abstract: A battery system that exchanges energy with an external device is provided. The battery system includes a positive electrode having a first metal or alloy, a negative electrode having a second metal or alloy, and an electrolyte including a salt of the second metal or alloy. The positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the electrolyte are in a liquid phase at an operating temperature during at least one portion of operation. The positive electrode is entirely in a liquid phase in one charged state and includes a solid phase in another charged state. The solid phase of the positive electrode includes a solid intermetallic formed by the first and the second metals or alloys. Methods of storing electrical energy from an external circuit using such a battery system are also provided.

Abstract: A low cost optical viewing device includes an objective lens section, a relay lens section and an eye piece section. The relay lens section is devoid of glass rods and includes a minimal number of lenses each preferably fabricated from plastic material. The illumination system includes a plurality of optical fibers also preferably fabricated from plastic material.

Abstract: A low cost optical viewing device for viewing a remote location comprises three sections of an objective lens, relay lens and eye piece. However, in contrast to prior art optical viewing devices, all three sections of the present invention are free of conventional and relatively expensive glass rods. The preclusion of the glass rods leads to an overall lower cost (e.g., disposable) optical viewing device (e.g, borescope and endoscope). In addition, the optical viewing device of the present invention achieves lower cost by the use of a combination of molded plastic lenses and glass lenses. In accordance with still another important feature of this invention, the method of illuminating the remote location to be viewed is accomplished by using low cost plastic optical fibers which are twisted so that the field of illumination is increased and may be tailored to match (or be no less than) the size of the field of view of the optical viewing device.

Abstract: A nonimaging radiant energy device may include a hyperbolically shaped reflective element with a radiant energy inlet and a radiant energy outlet. A convex lens is provided at the radiant energy inlet and a concave lens is provided at the radiant energy outlet. Due to the provision of the lenses and the shape of the walls of the reflective element, the radiant energy incident at the radiant energy inlet within a predetermined angle of acceptance is emitted from the radiant energy outlet exclusively within an acute exit angle. In another embodiment, the radiant energy device may include two interconnected hyperbolically shaped reflective elements with a respective convex lens being provided at each aperture of the device.

Abstract: A low cost optical viewing device for viewing a remote location comprises three sections of an objective lens, relay lens and eye piece wherein all three sections of the present invention are free of conventional and relatively expensive glass rods. The preclusion of the glass rods leads to an overall lower cost (e.g., disposable) optical viewing device (e.g, borescope and endoscope). In addition, the optical viewing device of the present invention achieves lower cost by the use of a combination of molded plastic lenses and glass lenses. In accordance with still another important feature of this invention, the method of illuminating the remote location to be viewed is accomplished by using low cost plastic optical fibers which are twisted so that the field of illumination is increased and may be tailored to match (or be no less than) the size of the field of view of the optical viewing device. Still another significant feature of the present invention is its low weight.

Abstract: A ring lens assembly for an optical viewing device is presented. The ring lens assembly includes a ring shaped lens adapted for mounting at the end of an optical viewing device for viewing a remote location. The optical viewing device comprises an objective lens section, a relay lens section and an eye piece section. Further, the optical viewing device has an inner tube wherein the optics is housed and an outer tube. A plurality of optical fibers are disposed between the inner and outer tubes to provide illumination of the field of view. The ring shaped lens is a negative curvature lens or a prism-like lens for increasing the field of illumination. Alternatively, the lens is a flat lens and the optical fibers twisted to increase the field of illumination. Also, a cleaning tube is disposed between the inner and outer tubes. The cleaning tube terminates short of the end of the inner tube. An opening or channel is formed at the end of the inner tube adjacent to the cleaning tube.

Abstract: A low cost optical viewing device for viewing a remote location comprises three sections of an objective lens, relay lens and eye piece. However, in contrast to prior art optical viewing devices, all three sections of the present invention are free of conventional and relatively expensive glass rods. The preclusion of the glass rods leads to an overall lower cost (e.g., disposable) optical viewing device (e.g., borescope and endoscope). In addition, the optical viewing device of the present invention achieves lower cost by the use of molded plastic lenses rather than the more expensive glass lenses used in prior art devices. In accordance with still another important feature of this invention, the method of illuminating the remote location to be viewed is accomplished by using low cost plastic optical fibers which are twisted so that the field of illumination is increased and may be tailored to match (or be no less than) the size of the field of view of the optical viewing device.

Abstract: A laser discrimination filter based on temporal coherence is presented. This filter comprises a multilayer device with "thick" layers such that the optical thickness of each layer is greater than the coherence length of the ambient light, but still much smaller than the coherence length of the laser light of interest. Thus, the spectral response of the device of this invention becomes dependent on the degree of temporal coherence of the incident light. If white light strikes the filter, multi-beam interference will not occur because of its short coherence length. The device acts like a stack of partially reflecting mirrors. If the laser light strikes the filter, multi-beam interference will still take place because of the long coherence length of the laser light. This causes the device to have different transmitting characteristics for laser light and white light. Therefore, this device functions as a laser discrimination device.

Abstract: A nonimaging radiant energy device may include a hyperbolically shaped reflective element with a radiant energy inlet and a radiant energy outlet. A convex lens is provided at the radiant energy inlet and a concave lens is provided at the radiant energy outlet. Due to the provision of the lenses and the shape of the walls of the reflective element, the radiant energy incident at the radiant energy inlet within a predetermined angle of acceptance is emitted from the radiant energy outlet exclusively within an acute exit angle. In another embodiment, the radiant energy device may include two interconnected hyperbolically shaped reflective elements with a respective convex lens being provided at each aperture of the device.

Abstract: A laser sensor protector is provided comprising a nonlinear dynamic device which has a flat broad band reflectance covering the entire visible range in the on-state and allows for good optical quality and high transmittance (80-90) in the off-state. The device can be constructed using electro-optic materials or nonlinear optical materials. If electro-optical materials, i.e., those for which the refractive index can be controlled by an external field, or nonlinear optical materials, i.e, those for which the refractive index can be controlled by the light intensity, are used to construct the present invention, it is possible to achieve dynamic switching, that is, the device is clear in the off-state and it is highly reflective over a broad band in the on-state.