Abstract: A frozen dough comprising flour, a high yeast level comprising one or more yeast with activity covering temperature range of 33-140° F., emulsifiers, dough conditioners, stabilizers, sugar, lipid source and optionally supplemental gluten such that the frozen dough does not require a conventional proofing (proofer) step prior to freezing or prior to baking. When the frozen dough is thawed in a retarder at 33-42° F. for at least 12 hours, or at an elevated temperature of between 43-85° F. for at least 1 hour, and then baked, the baked products have good appearance, taste and texture, and a specific volume of at least 4 cc/gram.

Abstract: A frozen dough comprising flour, a high yeast level comprising one or more yeast with activity covering temperature range of 33-140° F., emulsifiers, dough conditioners, stabilizers, sugar, lipid source and optionally supplemental gluten such that the frozen dough does not require a conventional proofing (proofer) step prior to freezing or prior to baking. When the frozen dough is thawed in a retarder at 33-42° F. for at least 12 hours, or at an elevated temperature of between 43-85° F. for at least 1 hour, and then baked, the baked products have good appearance, taste and texture, and a specific volume of at least 4 cc/gram.

Abstract: A frozen dough comprising flour, a high yeast level comprising one or more yeast with activity covering temperature range of 33-140° F., emulsifiers, dough conditioners, stabilizers, sugar, lipid source and optionally supplemental gluten such that the frozen dough does not require a conventional proofing (proofer) step prior to freezing or prior to baking. When the frozen dough is thawed in a retarder at 33-42° F. for at least 12 hours, or at an elevated temperature of between 43-85° F. for at least 1 hour, and then baked, the baked products have good appearance, taste and texture, and a specific volume of at least 4 cc/gram.

Abstract: A non-sheeted, non-laminated freezer to oven dough is provided comprising flour, water, a chemical leavening system with soda present in an amount of about 0.4% to about 1.5% by weight (as compared to the amount of flour) and an acid ingredient (SALP), and from about 3% to about 6% by weight of yeast, where the frozen dough does not require proofing. Preferably, the dough is shaped into the form of a square or a round shape, or molded into dinner rolls, rolled breadsticks or breads and the like. The dough may contain additional ingredients. The dough may be mixed with fruits/nuts, or with savory ingredients, or topped with one or more toppings, or smeared with a layer of a paste and rolled and cut into a swirl. Also provided is a method of making frozen dough and methods of making baked products which do not require proofing the dough.

Abstract: Particulate cellulosic material such as microcrystalline cellulose, .alpha.-cellulose, and/or cellulose acylated with C.sub.2 to C.sub.24 aliphatic acids to a degree of substitution of about 0.05 or less, and mixtures thereof, are physically coated with an edible hydrophobic polymer to provide low calorie flour/starch replacements for edible compositions. Typical coating polymers include cellulose esters of one or more C.sub.2 to C.sub.24 aliphatic acids; cellulose ethers such as methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, natural waxes such as carnauba wax, candelilla wax, rice bran wax, bees wax, and mixtures of these; petroleum waxes such as polyethylene and paraffin waxes; proteins, preferably hydrophobic, such as zein, glutenin and the like, and mixtures thereof. In preferred embodiments, the low calorie flour replacements are made in a hot melt process with intense mixing in the absence of emulsifiers and gums.

Abstract: Cellulose is surface-modified by coating and/or acylation with C.sub.2 to C.sub.24, in some cases primarily C.sub.6 to C.sub.22, or more narrowly C.sub.16 to C.sub.20, aliphatic acids, to obtain cellulose esters exhibiting a degree of substitution of about 0.05 or less, preferably about 0.01 or less. The surface-modified cellulose is used as a low-calorie carbohydrate replacement in edible compositions having a carbohydrate component. Baked food products such as cookies employ the low-calorie ingredient in place of a starch ingredient in some preferred embodiments. In some of these embodiments, cookies formulated with surface-modified cellulose further contain a spreading ingredient such as polydextrose; in these, the cellulose esters help to control the spread as well as provide calorie reduction. In these and other embodiments, the food products can also contain reduced fat or a low calorie fat substitute and/or an artificial sweetener to provide further calorie reduction.