Abstract: A user equipment (UE) is configured to transmit a request to an edge configuration server (ECS) comprising a list of authentication mechanisms supported by the UE, wherein the ECS is configured to select one authentication mechanism from the list of authentication mechanisms and receive a response to the request from the ECS, wherein response comprises an indication of the selected authentication mechanism.

Abstract: The present application relates to devices and components including apparatus, systems, and methods for supporting voice services during roaming.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the field of wireless communications, and provides a transmitter switching method, a terminal, a base station, a communication system, a transmitter switching apparatus, and a non-transitory computer readable storage medium. The transmitter switching method includes: a base station sends radio resource control extended signaling to a terminal to instruct a transmitter of the terminal to enter a working mode of time division switching between uplink frequency bands, at least one uplink frequency band having multiple uplink carriers; and the base station sends physical downlink control channel scheduling information to the terminal to instruct the transmitter of the terminal to transmit an uplink frequency band used by uplink data.

Abstract: An edge enabler server of an edge data network is configured to receive a verification request comprising an edge enabler client identification (EEC ID), wherein the EEC ID uniquely identifies an edge enabler client (EEC), determine whether the EEC ID is an authorized BEC ID and provide a verification response based on whether the EEC ID is authorized.

Abstract: A user equipment (UE) may attempt to access an edge data network. The UE generates a first credential based on a second credential that was generated for a procedure between the UE and a network. The UE then generates an identifier corresponding to the first credential and generates a message authentication code based on the first credential and a count, wherein the count is associated with an identifier of an edge network client running on the UE. The UE then transmits an application registration request, message to a server associated with an edge data network, the application registration request message including the count, the message authentication code, the identifier corresponding to the first credential, and a public land mobile network identifier (PLMN ID) of the network. The UE then receives an authentication accept message or an authentication reject message from the server associated with the edge data network.

Abstract: A user equipment (UE) is configured to join a multicast broadcast service (MBS) session. The UE sends, to a network function, a protocol data unit (PDU) modification request comprising a request to join a multicast broadcast service (MBS) session, generates a first key (KMBS-UE), receives a PDU session modification complete message comprising an encrypted second key (KMBS) and a key identification (KID) corresponding to the KMBS and decrypts the Kiss using the KMBS-UE.

Abstract: A user equipment (UE) may attempt to access an edge data network. The UE generates a first credential based on a second credential that was generated for a procedure between the UE and a network. The UE then generates an identifier corresponding to the first credential and generates a message authentication code based on the first credential and a count, wherein the count is associated with an identifier of an edge network client running on the UE. The UE then transmits an application registration request, message to a server associated with an edge data network, the application registration request message including the count, the message authentication code, the identifier corresponding to the first credential, and a public land mobile network identifier (PLMN ID) of the network. The UE then receives an authentication accept message or an authentication reject message from the server associated with the edge data network.

Abstract: Techniques discussed herein can facilitate integrated sensing and communication (ISC), where a wireless network is used for both sensing and for wireless communications. One example aspect is sensing function entity configured to receive a sensing service request from an access and mobility function (AMF) entity, where the sensing service request is received by an access and mobility function/sensing function (AMF/SF) interface. The SF entity is further configured to transmit, by the AMF/SF interface, a sensing service response to the AMF entity and subsequently receive sensing data associated with the sensing service response, where the sensing data is received by a base station/sensing function (BS/SF) interface. The SF entity is further configured to process the sensing data, and transmit the sensing response after processing the sensing data.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the field of wireless communications, and provides a transmitter switching method, a terminal, a base station, a communication system, a transmitter switching apparatus, and a non-transitory computer readable storage medium. The transmitter switching method includes: a base station sends radio resource control extended signaling to a terminal to instruct a transmitter of the terminal to enter a working mode of time division switching between uplink frequency bands, at least one uplink frequency band having multiple uplink carriers; and the base station sends physical downlink control channel scheduling information to the terminal to instruct the transmitter of the terminal to transmit an uplink frequency band used by uplink data.

Abstract: Provided are a method for reporting and controlling power, and a terminal, a base station and a communication system, which relate to the field of wireless communications. The method for reporting power comprises: a terminal determining whether transmitter switching is supported; the terminal determining whether the power class when one set of transmitters is utilized is the same as the power class when multiple sets of transmitters are utilized; and where the terminal supports transmitter switching and the power class when one set of transmitters is utilized is different from the power class when multiple sets of transmitters are utilized, the terminal reporting, to a base station, capability information of the terminal supporting multiple power classes, such that the base station controls the transmitting power of the terminal according to the capability information of the terminal supporting multiple power classes, thereby improving an uplink coverage range.

Abstract: A method of detecting defects using eddy currents is disclosed. The method comprises: exciting eddy currents in a test material using an eddy current probe driven by a drive signal; detecting induced eddy currents in the test material; converting the detected signal into integer values using an analog to digital converter; and adding or subtracting the generated integer values to or from each of two accumulators, or taking no action, so that one accumulator produces a value proportional to one component of the detected signal and the other produces a value proportional to another component of the detected signal and using these values to detect the presence of a defect.

Abstract: A method of operating an ultrasound imaging system having an array of transducer elements. The method comprises transmitting a plurality of ultrasound signals, each transmission using a different sub-aperture of the array, receiving a plurality of reflected ultrasound signals by a receive array corresponding to each sub-aperture transmission, calculating a coherency factor corresponding to the proportion of coherent energy in the received signals from each sub-aperture transmission and weighting the received output by the calculated coherency factor, and synthesizing all weighted outputs under all different sub-aperture transmissions.

Abstract: Variations in the lift-off separation between a probe and the surface of a structure to be tested often mask the detection of defects in the structure. A method and apparatus for automatically classifying and compensating for variations in the lift-off is described. A reference signal at a known lift-off may be weighted by a corresponding calculated ratio parameter and subtracted from a test signal to compensate for lift-off. A number of reference signals are preferably obtained and the largest magnitude gradient for each reference signal is preferably determined. The largest magnitude gradient for subsequent test signals is also obtained and the corresponding reference signal with the closest largest magnitude gradient to the test signal is identified and the corresponding reference signal is selected in the related compensation procedure. Such a method has been found to restore the signal such that lift-off is removed and defects are easily identified.

Abstract: A method of detecting defects using eddy currents is disclosed. The method comprises: exciting eddy currents in a test material using an eddy current probe driven by a drive signal; detecting induced eddy currents in the test material; converting the detected signal into integer values using an analog to digital converter; and adding or subtracting the generated integer values to or from each of two accumulators, or taking no action, so that one accumulator produces a value proportional to one component of the detected signal and the other produces a value proportional to another component of the detected signal and using these values to detect the presence of a defect.

Abstract: Variations in the lift-off separation between a probe and the surface of a structure to be tested often mask the detection of defects in the structure. A method and apparatus for automatically classifying and compensating for variations in the lift-off is described. A reference signal at a known lift-off may be weighted by a corresponding calculated ratio parameter and subtracted from a test signal to compensate for lift-off. A number of reference signals are preferably obtained and the largest magnitude gradient for each reference signal is preferably determined. The largest magnitude gradient for subsequent test signals is also obtained and the corresponding reference signal with the closest largest magnitude gradient to the test signal is identified and the corresponding reference signal is selected in the related compensation procedure. Such a method has been found to restore the signal such that lift-off is removed and defects are easily identified.