Abstract: A powertrain and a vehicle including the powertrain are provided. The powertrain includes: an electric motor; a transmission mounted to the electric motor and defining, together with the electric motor, an angled space for helping a half shaft of the transmission to extend along an axial direction of the transmission; a controller mounted to at least one of the electric motor and the transmission and electrically connected to the electric motor, where the controller, the transmission, and the electric motor are integrated together, at least one part of the controller being located in the angled space.

Abstract: An optoelectronic semiconductor light source includes a semiconductor chip configured to emit primary radiation, a Bragg mirror, and a luminescence conversion element configured to convert at least part of the primary radiation into secondary radiation having a longer wavelength, wherein the Bragg mirror is arranged between the semiconductor chip and the luminescence conversion element, the Bragg mirror is reflective for the secondary radiation and transmissive for the primary radiation, the Bragg mirror includes reflector layers of at least three different materials with different refractive indices, the Bragg mirror includes at least two different kinds of layer pairs, each kind of layer pairs being made up of reflective layers of two different materials, and the different kinds of layer pairs having different Brewster angles for p-polarized radiation.

Abstract: An optoelectronic semiconductor light source includes a semiconductor chip configured to emit primary radiation, a Bragg mirror, and a luminescence conversion element configured to convert at least part of the primary radiation into secondary radiation having a longer wavelength, wherein the Bragg mirror is arranged between the semiconductor chip and the luminescence conversion element, the Bragg mirror is reflective for the secondary radiation and transmissive for the primary radiation, the Bragg mirror includes reflector layers of at least three different materials with different refractive indices, the Bragg mirror includes at least two different kinds of layer pairs, each kind of layer pairs being made up of reflective layers of two different materials, and the different kinds of layer pairs having different Brewster angles for p-polarized radiation.

Abstract: A method of purifying an antifreeze protein (AFP) and methods of producing AFPs are disclosed. The method of purifying an AFP includes heating a crude AFP in an aqueous medium to a temperature and for a length of time sufficient to precipitate at least some thermally unstable proteins in the crude AFP and form a precipitate and a supernatant; and removing the precipitate from the supernatant. One method of producing an AFP includes collecting a crude source of the AFP; and purifying the AFP by the purification method. Another method of producing an AFP includes growing or culturing a host configured to express a recombinant AFP in a growth medium, and collecting a crude AFP from the host and/or the growth medium. The growth medium comprises water, a protein hydrolysate or other source of amino acids, a yeast extract, a biologically metabolizable C3-C6 polyol, and one or more phosphate salts.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides various cyanobacterial extracts exhibiting antiviral activity to a wide spectrum of viruses, such as enterovirus (EV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), Human Herpesvirus (HHV), Ebola virus, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). The cyanobacterial extract is prepared from biomass of A. maxima (or Spirulina maxima). Also disclosed herein are process for preparing the cyanobacterial extract and uses of the cyanobacterial extract.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a complex query includes components that are arranged in a hierarchical structure including a first type of filter and a second type of filter and are connected by connectors. The method selects a first data set and selects a second data set for the components. The second data set being generated by processing data in the first data set for the second type of filter and the second data set includes entries describing a result of the processing. The first type of filter is applied to the first data set and the second type of filter to the second data set for the components where the information describing the result is used by the second type of filter to filter entries and first type of filter filters entries based on column values in the first data set. The method combines outputs of the components using the connectors.

Abstract: Precipitation of a carbohydrate, such as trehalose, in a solution is prevented by mixing an effective amount of at least one antifreeze protein with the carbohydrate in the solution, wherein the antifreeze protein is in whole or in part one of SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 3, and SEQ ID NO: 4, and the antifreeze protein mass to the carbohydrate mass is between about 1:8000 and 1:30. The method is especially useful for improving the applications of a carbohydrate, such as trehalose, and the quality of the carbohydrate-containing products in industries by preventing crystallization of the carbohydrate in formulations and products.

Abstract: An implant for treatment of a vascular space can form open loops and closed loops in separate cycles to provide balanced stiffness and flexibility. Such an implant provides both stability for retention within the vascular space and conformability for mitigating forces on the vasculature. Such a configuration can also provide proper coverage over an opening to a vascular space into which the implant is delivered, for reducing or eliminating flow into or out of the body cavity and promoting occlusion of the vascular space.

Abstract: New, highly efficient enhancers for AFPs have now been discovered in the form of co-enzymes, and active fragments and mimetics thereof. These enhancer molecules do not have TH activity themselves, but can enhance the TH activity of AFPs by at least about 2-11 times. These molecules are so far the most effective enhancers for AFPs, and are characterized by containing coenzymes or fragments or mimetic thereof.

Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure pertain to compositions containing (i) one or more non-antifreeze proteins or cell components or cells and (ii) one or more antifreeze proteins (AFPs), mimetics thereof, and/or analogs thereof, and a method of stabilizing a biologic (e.g., a protein, microbe, cell component or cell) against temperature stress and aggregation. The AFP may be selected from known antifreeze polypeptides and antifreeze peptides, analogs and mimetics of antifreeze proteins, active fragments of such antifreeze proteins, polypeptide and peptide mimetics, antifreeze peptoids and polymers, and combinations thereof. The non-antifreeze protein, cell component or cell comprises a known protein, cell component or cell used in the pharmaceutical, medical, agricultural, veterinary and/or food industry(ies). The AFP protects the function of the non-antifreeze protein, microbe(s), cell component(s) or cell(s) under temperature stress (e.g., a temperature of ?20-60° C.).

Abstract: The disclosure pertains to compositions to stabilize nutrient, food, pharmaceutical, and biological formulations by preventing the crystallization or precipitation of carbohydrates used in the formulations. The compositions contain (i) one or more carbohydrates, sugars, sugar alcohols, analogs thereof, and/or derivatives thereof and (ii) one or more antifreeze proteins (AFPs), mimetics thereof, and/or analogs thereof and methods of making and using the same. The AFP may be selected from antifreeze polypeptides and antifreeze peptides, analogs and mimetics of antifreeze proteins, active fragments of such antifreeze proteins, polypeptide and peptide mimetics, antifreeze peptoids and polymers, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments are provided of antennas and antenna systems including the same. In an exemplary embodiment, an antenna generally includes a radiating patch element having an annular rectangular shape. An antenna ground plane is spaced apart from the radiating patch element. A feeding element electrically coupled to the radiating patch element via proximity coupling. The antenna also includes at least two shorting elements electrically coupling the radiating patch element to the antenna ground plane. In other exemplary embodiments, the antenna systems include at least one active GPS antenna, at least one passive antenna, and an isolator.

Abstract: A seed-specific expression vector and its construction methods and applications are disclosed. A fusion protein expression cassette consisting of Arachis hypogaea oleosin gene-apolipopoprotein A-IMilano (A-IM) gene driven by Brassica napus oleosin gene promoter is inserted between the HindIII and SacI sites of a plant binary expression vector pBI121, obtaining the plant expression vector pBINOA of the invention. In addition, a method for producing apolipoprotein A-IMilano is provided, in which the expression vector is used to transform oil sunflower which is used as a plant bioreactor. The method can not only improve the yield of apolipoprotein A-IMilano, but also greatly reduce production costs, and is suitable for industrial production.

Abstract: According to various aspects, exemplary embodiments are disclosed of ground independent multi-band antenna assemblies. In an exemplary embodiment, a ground independent multi-band antenna assembly is operable within at least a first frequency range and a second frequency range different than the first frequency range. The antenna assembly generally includes an annular ground element, a feed element, a patch element, and a high band element. The feed element includes a feeding point and a shorting point electrically connected to the annular ground element. The patch element is electrically shorted to the annular ground element by the feed element. The high band element is electrically connected to the feed element.

Abstract: One or more processors determine a common interest associated with a group of individuals based, at least in part, on one or more interests associated with individuals within the group of individuals. One or more processors determine a video output to display to the group of individuals. The video output is anticipated to appeal to at least a portion of the group of individuals based, at least in part, on the common interest associated with the group of individuals. One or more processors display the video output to the group of individuals.

Abstract: One or more processors determine a common interest associated with a group of individuals based, at least in part, on one or more interests associated with individuals within the group of individuals. One or more processors determine a video output to display to the group of individuals. The video output is anticipated to appeal to at least a portion of the group of individuals based, at least in part, on the common interest associated with the group of individuals. One or more processors display the video output to the group of individuals.

Abstract: The present invention provides a CD81 and OCLN double transgenic mouse and its construction method and use. The double transgenic mouse can be used to constitute acute and chronic HCV infection in a mouse model.

Abstract: The invented method prevents precipitation of a carbohydrate, such as trehalose, in a solution comprising mixing an effective amount of at least one antifreeze protein with the carbohydrate in the solution, wherein the antifreeze protein is described in whole or in part by one of SEQ. ID 1, SEQ. ID 2, SEQ. ID 3, and SEQ. ID 4, and wherein the antifreeze protein mass to the carbohydrate mass is between about 1:8000 and 1:30. Trehalose is a multifunctional non-reducing disaccharide, having a wide range of applications in industries (e.g., medical, pharmaceutical, and food industries). However, trehalose has a high propensity to precipitate/crystallize out of the solutions or formulations particularly at low temperatures, forming trehalose dihydrate. The invention is especially useful for improving the applications of a carbohydrate, such as trehalose, and the quality of the carbohydrate-containing products in industries by prevention the carbohydrate crystallization in formulations and products.

Abstract: The uses of antifreeze proteins (AFPs), including polypeptides, peptides, fragments of AFPs, and mimicries of AFPs, as highly efficient additives for crystal growth control are provided. AFPs are demonstrated to efficiently inhibit the nucleation of commercially and pharmaceutically important compounds (e.g., nucleosides, sugars, salts), increase the supersaturation of their solutions, modify their crystal habits, and result in novel morphologies.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing a heteropolyacid salt catalyst, comprising dissolving the lead compounds for each element to prepare a suspension and dispersion slurry of catalyst precursor, which comprises all of the catalyst components; drying the catalyst precursor, mixing them with an organic compound, molding, and calcining to produce the catalyst.